US2145727A - High voltage discharge apparatus - Google Patents

High voltage discharge apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2145727A
US2145727A US182084A US18208437A US2145727A US 2145727 A US2145727 A US 2145727A US 182084 A US182084 A US 182084A US 18208437 A US18208437 A US 18208437A US 2145727 A US2145727 A US 2145727A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
discharge
members
tube
envelope
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US182084A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr Will L Lloyd
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE431881D priority Critical patent/BE431881A/fr
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US182084A priority patent/US2145727A/en
Priority to DEL96639D priority patent/DE714600C/de
Priority to FR848053D priority patent/FR848053A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2145727A publication Critical patent/US2145727A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing
    • H05G1/06—X-ray tube and at least part of the power supply apparatus being mounted within the same housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/025—X-ray tubes with structurally associated circuit elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/22—X-ray tubes specially designed for passing a very high current for a very short time, e.g. for flash operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/02—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith; Vacuum locks
    • H01J5/06—Vessels or containers specially adapted for operation at high tension, e.g. by improved potential distribution over surface of vessel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in high voltage discharge apparatus. While not limited thereto, it is especially applicable to apparatus for generating high velocity X-rays or 5 cathode rays. In this latter connection, it is primarily useful with multisection discharge tubes of the general type described in Brasch and Lange Patent #2,043,733, granted June 6, 1936.
  • the discharge envelope is made up of a plurality of sequentially arranged capacitive elements, each comprising a pair of annular platelike conducting members spaced by interposed insulating members.
  • the conducting members are of such area as to provide appreciable capacitance between adjacent members and function to govern the potential distribution along the length of the envelope.
  • My present invention provides improved means for energizing a tube of this type.
  • this is accomplished by utilizing the capacitive elements of a discharge tube of the multisection type hereinbefore referred to as the capacitances of an impulse circuit associated with the tube.
  • the discharge tube is, in effect, made its own impulse generator.
  • Fig. 1 represents diagrammatically one embodiment of the invention as applied to a cathode ray tube
  • Fig. 2 shows 5% diagrammatically the use ci' the invention in (Cl. Z50-146) connection with an X-ray tube having a pool type cathode.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an enclosing casing having insulating side walls IU and upper and lower end walls il and l2 of 5 conducting material.
  • a multisection discharge tube having an incandescible cathode i3, which is only schematically indicated.
  • the tube envelope 10 comprises a plurality of annular platelike conducting members id which are insulatingly spaced by means of interposed insulating members i5. It will be understood, of course, that the arrangement illustrated is entirely schematic 15 and that many practical features of the discharge tube are not shown.
  • the actual construction of the tube may suitably follow the arrangement described by Brasch and Lange in their aforesaid Patent #2,043,733.
  • the tube as a 20 Whole may be immersed in a dielectric medium having a dielectric strength greater than that of air.
  • a dielectric medium having a dielectric strength greater than that of air.
  • Such medium may comprise, for example, oil or high pressure gas or vapor provided as a filling for the casing I0. 25
  • the conducting members llt are arranged transversely to the axis of the discharge envelope and in the arrangement shown extend partially inside and partially outside the envelope. They are preferably of such area as to provide appre- 30 ciable capacitance between adjacent members so that the envelope comprises a series of capacitive elements sequentially arranged. It is an important function of such elements to govern the potential distribution along the axis of the discharge path so as to prevent the occurrence of creepage discharges.
  • I provide a multistage impulse circuit or generator. This comprises high resistances I8 connecting alternate ones of the conducting members Ill, spark gaps i9 connected between certain adjacent conducting members and capacitances 2G. 45
  • the capacitances indicated by dotted line condensers 20 are provided by the inherent capacity coupling existing between adjacent conducting members lli. This is readily feasible if the members ld are of relatively great area and if the dielectric medium existing between them has a high specic inductive capacity.
  • the spark gaps i9 may be enclosed in separate discharge vessels within the casing ill or may be positioned Outside the casing' and connected to the appropriate conducting members Il by conductors leading thereto.
  • the resistances I8 may also be arranged either within or without the casing as circumstances may require.
  • a direct current source 23 which may have a potential only a small fraction of that required to eiect the desired operation of the discharge tube. With the connections illustrated, this source will be effective to charge the various capacitances in parallel through the resistances I8. After a critical voltage has been attained by the capacitive elements, breakdown of at least one of the spark gaps I3 will occur. Such breakdown will change the voltage distribution of the system in such a way as immediately to cause a breakdown of the remain-v ing spark gaps.
  • the electrons may be projected through a window 25 provided at the lower end of the tube and may be utilized as cathode rays.
  • the transient effects of the impulse discharge are prevented from adversely affecting the power source 23 by the use of choke coils 26 connected in series therewith.
  • the apparatus which I have described in the foregoing has the advantage of combining the discharge tube and impulse generator in a single unit which can be completely enclosed in a common casing. For that reason it is relatively easy to render the whole assembly shock-proof and safe for hospital or other use. Furthermore, the inherent capacitance of the discharge tube is now assigned a useful function rather than being, as formerly, an objectionable load on the energizing system.
  • Fig. 2 I have illustrated a modified use of .the invention as applied in connection with an X-ray tube having a pool type cathode and X-ray producing target 3 I. As shown, this target is arranged opposite a glass window 32 adapted to transmit X-rays without substantial obstruction.
  • the discharge envelope is constituted, as in the case previously described, of conducting members 34 alternated with insulating portions 33 and is enclosed in a casing 35. The various conducting members are connected by resistances 36, spark gaps 31, and their inherent capacitances 38 in the same manner as specified in connection with Fig. 1.
  • a discharge apparatus comprising an elongated discharge tube including a series of sequentially arranged capacitive elements forming constituent parts of the tube envelope, discharge electrodes associated with the tube, and a multistage impulse circuit for impressing a high potential between said electrodes, each stage of said circuit comprising at least one of said capacitive elements as a principal capacitance thereof.
  • Discharge apparatus comprising a discharge envelope constituted o-f a plurality of alternately arranged conductive and non-conductive members, the conductive members being of suiiicient area so that appreciable capacitance exists between adjacent members, t Scharge electrodes associated with the envelope and a multistage impulse circuit 'for impressing a high potential between said electrodes, each stage of said circuit including the capacitance existing between a pair of adjacent conductive members as the principal capacitance thereof.
  • Discharge apparatus comprising a discharge envelope including a series of vsequentially arranged capacitive elements as constituent parts thereof, discharge electrodes associated with the envelope, a multistage impulse circuit including conventionally connected resistances, capacitances and spark gaps for impressing a high potential -between said electrodes, the capacitance 0f each stage of the circuit being provided by one of the capacitive elements of the discharge tube,
  • Discharge apparatus including an elongated being disposed transversely to the axis of the envelope so as to govern the potential distribution therealong, cooperating discharge electrodes within the envelope, a multistage impulse circuit consisting of the capacitances provided between adjacent ones of said conducting members in combination with resistances and spark gaps properly connected to said members, and connections between the terminals of the impulse v:zzircuit and the said cooperating discharge elecro es.
  • X-ray apparatus comprising an X-ray tube including an anode and a cathode, a plurality of platelike conducting members insulatingly spaced along the discharge path between the anode and cathode for controlling the potential distribution therebetween, each of said members having an opening therein to permit the passage of a discharge therethrough, and a multistage impulse circuit for causing an X-ray producing discharge between the anode and cathode, said circuit consisting of the capacitances provided between adjacent ones of said platelike members in combination with resistances and spark gaps properly connected tosaid members.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
US182084A 1937-12-28 1937-12-28 High voltage discharge apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2145727A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE431881D BE431881A (fr) 1937-12-28 perfectionnements aux tubes à décharge
US182084A US2145727A (en) 1937-12-28 1937-12-28 High voltage discharge apparatus
DEL96639D DE714600C (de) 1937-12-28 1938-12-21 Mit hoher Stossspannung betriebenes Entladungsrohr
FR848053D FR848053A (fr) 1937-12-28 1938-12-27 Perfectionnements aux tubes à décharge à haute tension

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US182084A US2145727A (en) 1937-12-28 1937-12-28 High voltage discharge apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2145727A true US2145727A (en) 1939-01-31

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US182084A Expired - Lifetime US2145727A (en) 1937-12-28 1937-12-28 High voltage discharge apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2145727A (fr)
BE (1) BE431881A (fr)
DE (1) DE714600C (fr)
FR (1) FR848053A (fr)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2415360A (en) * 1943-10-22 1947-02-04 Frank H Mcintosh Method of making electron discharge devices
US2429217A (en) * 1942-05-07 1947-10-21 Electronized Chem Corp Device for treatment of matters with high-speed electrons
US2489082A (en) * 1944-07-01 1949-11-22 Forest Lee De High-voltage generator
US2517260A (en) * 1945-09-18 1950-08-01 Research Corp Apparatus for generating an accurately focused beam of charged particles and for related purposes
US2521426A (en) * 1949-03-16 1950-09-05 Research Corp High-voltage evacuated acceleration tube for increasing the total voltage and voltage gradient thereof
US2537862A (en) * 1943-07-09 1951-01-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-voltage pulse generator
US2558337A (en) * 1945-12-10 1951-06-26 Howard A Chinn Noise generator
US2569154A (en) * 1948-07-24 1951-09-25 Donath Erwin Electronic discharge device
US2577314A (en) * 1947-11-19 1951-12-04 English Electric Co Ltd Electronic discharge device
US2608664A (en) * 1945-09-18 1952-08-26 Research Corp Method of generating an accurately focused beam of charged particles
US2617966A (en) * 1947-02-19 1952-11-11 Rca Corp Magnetron
US2714679A (en) * 1952-07-03 1955-08-02 High Voltage Engineering Corp High voltage apparatus for generating a substantially well-collimated beam of charged particles
US2796545A (en) * 1949-12-21 1957-06-18 Electronized Chem Corp Electronic discharge tube
US2842704A (en) * 1950-01-19 1958-07-08 Philips Corp Device comprising an electric discharge tube for very high frequencies and a discharge tube for use in such a device
US2900566A (en) * 1958-06-24 1959-08-18 Fischer Heinz Ultra-rapid displacement of gases
US2924714A (en) * 1956-08-09 1960-02-09 Electronized Chem Corp Electron accelerator
US2977508A (en) * 1956-07-17 1961-03-28 Edgerton Germeshausen & Grier Gaseous-discharge device and system
US3035204A (en) * 1959-06-03 1962-05-15 Asea Ab Device for high voltage gas-filled rectifiers
US3310707A (en) * 1963-05-16 1967-03-21 Asea Ab Over voltage protection means for high voltage mercury arc rectifiers
US3361980A (en) * 1965-10-19 1968-01-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Spatially alternating gradient voltage system for a van de graaff accelerator
US3470380A (en) * 1964-12-12 1969-09-30 Nat Res Dev Photoelectronic image detecting devices
US3675061A (en) * 1969-06-04 1972-07-04 Kev Electronics Corp Shielding for a particle accelerator
US4335465A (en) * 1978-02-02 1982-06-15 Jens Christiansen Method of producing an accellerating electrons and ions under application of voltage and arrangements connected therewith
US4559640A (en) * 1981-06-12 1985-12-17 Thomson-Csf X-Ray tube cathode multiple polarization device and a radiation source incorporating such a device
US4879518A (en) * 1987-10-13 1989-11-07 Sysmed, Inc. Linear particle accelerator with seal structure between electrodes and insulators
US20060008055A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Sundaram Senthil K insulation methods and arrangements for an X-ray generator

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE959311C (de) * 1950-04-09 1957-03-07 Leo Pungs Dr Ing Anordnung zum Verleimen von Koerpern groesserer Laengenausdehnung mittels dielektrischer Erwaermung
NL86424C (fr) * 1951-02-13
DE1061918B (de) * 1955-12-12 1959-07-23 Licentia Gmbh Anordnung zum Beschleunigen von elektrisch geladenen Teilchen mittels Stossspannungswellen

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2429217A (en) * 1942-05-07 1947-10-21 Electronized Chem Corp Device for treatment of matters with high-speed electrons
US2537862A (en) * 1943-07-09 1951-01-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-voltage pulse generator
US2415360A (en) * 1943-10-22 1947-02-04 Frank H Mcintosh Method of making electron discharge devices
US2489082A (en) * 1944-07-01 1949-11-22 Forest Lee De High-voltage generator
US2517260A (en) * 1945-09-18 1950-08-01 Research Corp Apparatus for generating an accurately focused beam of charged particles and for related purposes
US2608664A (en) * 1945-09-18 1952-08-26 Research Corp Method of generating an accurately focused beam of charged particles
US2558337A (en) * 1945-12-10 1951-06-26 Howard A Chinn Noise generator
US2617966A (en) * 1947-02-19 1952-11-11 Rca Corp Magnetron
US2577314A (en) * 1947-11-19 1951-12-04 English Electric Co Ltd Electronic discharge device
US2569154A (en) * 1948-07-24 1951-09-25 Donath Erwin Electronic discharge device
US2521426A (en) * 1949-03-16 1950-09-05 Research Corp High-voltage evacuated acceleration tube for increasing the total voltage and voltage gradient thereof
US2796545A (en) * 1949-12-21 1957-06-18 Electronized Chem Corp Electronic discharge tube
US2842704A (en) * 1950-01-19 1958-07-08 Philips Corp Device comprising an electric discharge tube for very high frequencies and a discharge tube for use in such a device
US2714679A (en) * 1952-07-03 1955-08-02 High Voltage Engineering Corp High voltage apparatus for generating a substantially well-collimated beam of charged particles
US2977508A (en) * 1956-07-17 1961-03-28 Edgerton Germeshausen & Grier Gaseous-discharge device and system
US2924714A (en) * 1956-08-09 1960-02-09 Electronized Chem Corp Electron accelerator
US2900566A (en) * 1958-06-24 1959-08-18 Fischer Heinz Ultra-rapid displacement of gases
US3035204A (en) * 1959-06-03 1962-05-15 Asea Ab Device for high voltage gas-filled rectifiers
US3310707A (en) * 1963-05-16 1967-03-21 Asea Ab Over voltage protection means for high voltage mercury arc rectifiers
US3470380A (en) * 1964-12-12 1969-09-30 Nat Res Dev Photoelectronic image detecting devices
US3361980A (en) * 1965-10-19 1968-01-02 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Spatially alternating gradient voltage system for a van de graaff accelerator
US3675061A (en) * 1969-06-04 1972-07-04 Kev Electronics Corp Shielding for a particle accelerator
US4335465A (en) * 1978-02-02 1982-06-15 Jens Christiansen Method of producing an accellerating electrons and ions under application of voltage and arrangements connected therewith
US4559640A (en) * 1981-06-12 1985-12-17 Thomson-Csf X-Ray tube cathode multiple polarization device and a radiation source incorporating such a device
US4879518A (en) * 1987-10-13 1989-11-07 Sysmed, Inc. Linear particle accelerator with seal structure between electrodes and insulators
US20060008055A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Sundaram Senthil K insulation methods and arrangements for an X-ray generator
US7430278B2 (en) * 2004-07-09 2008-09-30 General Electric Company Insulation methods and arrangements for an X-ray generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE431881A (fr) 1939-01-31
DE714600C (de) 1941-12-03
FR848053A (fr) 1939-10-23

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