Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
  • C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
  • C25D17/12—Shape or form
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
  • C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
  • C25D7/10—Bearings

Definitions

• This invention relates to the electrodeposition intimate association with a second metal or metof metals, more particularly to the production and als.
• tung- 744,566 eminently satisfactory plates may be sesten compounds directly in a suitable aqueous cured by first establishing a hot definitely acid solution of a fluoride or by subjecting a tungsten aqueous bath containing an acid fluoride, such as i containing electrode to anodic corrosion in a fluosodium acid fluoride and an agent, such as sodium ride bath.
• chloride which imparts high conductivity to the We have now found that a relatively wide vabath, and then electrolyzing using a tungsten riety of specifically different tungsten containing containing anode, Such as tungsten carbide a compounds may be employed as the main anode tungsten alloy carbide.
• the electrolysis preffor the electrolytic cell or as, so-to-speak reerably is carried out under conditions of high plenishing anodes, whereby an efiective concenacid concentration, of the order of pH 4 more or tration of tungsten ions and/ or other metal ions less. Upon satisfactory electrolysis the hydrogen may be maintained in the bath.
• An object of the invention is to prolower value and the desired basis metal or cathode 5 vide novel types of electrodes, particularly useis then pl Tun c r i and tun n ful for the electrodeposition of tungsten or simalloy carb des Serve effectively for Such a p il t l d alloys thereof, ess.
• Such massive materials present a satisfac-
• Another object is to provide a tungsten containtory electrical conductivity and efiective corroing electrode of satisfactory electrical conduc- $1011 of the metal content? 0 tivity.
• Afurther ob ect is to provide a novel compos1te may be employed some these are particw g g for electrodeposltmg two or more larly useful in special adaptations of the process.
• a furthe O j i8 60 provide an electrode for as will be appreciated, it is advantageous to utilize use in the electrodeposition of tungsten alloys main anodes or replenishing anodes which pre- 5 comprised of a tungsten containing compound in sent a large area for wetting or contact by the In further experimentation we have found that 40 A still further object is to utilize as a tungsten. trolled conditions, particularly of current density electrolyte to thus accelerate the corrosion of the desired metal and provide a higher metal concentration in the bath. For the same reason in some circumstances it is desirable to make the second metal or metals available in the relatively pure and unassociated form, thus further accelerating the corrosion rate of this metal.
• the tungsten supplying material may comprise substantially pure tungsten. This may consist of discrete tungsten metal packed or tamped in an acid proof anode container. Again the tungsten powder may be compressed under relatively high pressure and fitted as a core in a conductive acid proof anode. The relatively pure tungsten -may likewise be made available either as the main anode or a replenishing or regener-' ating' electrode by admixing tungsten powder with a suitable.
• bonding or cementing agent preferably of a carbonaceous character, and subjecting the mass to heat and/or pressure to form a compact rugged electrode.
• tungsten powder may be compacted and cemented under heat and pressureto form an electrode of suitable strength and relatively large exposed area.
• Such electrodes may be employed alone or in conjunction with inert or reactive anodes to carryout plating operations as described in the prior applications referred to. a
• tungsten carbide provides a good anode material for employment in the present process.
• operations have been carried out utilizing massive tungsten carbide.
• tungsten carbide powder when compacted, or when cemented either with suitable cementing materials, or directly cemented under heat and pressure, likewise serves very eifectively. Like tungsten metal powder, this may be employed in relatively loose condition in a suitable acid proof anode container or be made up in the compacted selfsustaining form. Similarly predetermined percentages of relatively discrete or'packed and/or cemented mixtures of tungsten metal and tungsten carbide powder may be utilized.
• a wide range of relatively standardized anodes for plating different types of alloys may be fabricated by homogeneously incorporating in the tungsten carbide mass or in the tungsten metal-tungsten carbide units, predetermined amounts of other coplatable metals, such as nickel, cobalt, antimony, chromium and the like.
• an alloy plate may be procured when using an inert anode or an anode g of a metal other than tungsten.
• an anode may be made up which comprises a pre- 1' dominant quantity of tungsten containing compound, such as compacted tungsten metal powder, tungsten carbide powder or a mixture of tungsten metal powder and tungsten carbide powder, together with a minor percentage of a soluble tungsten compound, such as tungsten dioxide or tungsten trioxide.
• tungsten containing compound such as compacted tungsten metal powder, tungsten carbide powder or a mixture of tungsten metal powder and tungsten carbide powder
• a soluble tungsten compound such as tungsten dioxide or tungsten trioxide.
• the tungsten ion concentration of the bath may be maintained by supplying tungsten not only by means of anodic corrosion of a conductive tung- 2 sten compound but also by slow dissolution of a soluble tungsten compound. Since the soluble tungsten compound is uniformly distributed throughout the anode, it is thus made available at a slow and relatively constant rate. It likewise 3 will be appreciated that in the bath of the character described, during electrolysis a relatively high concentration of hydrofluoric acid obtains at the anode, thus facilitating the dissolution of the tungsten oxide impacted. in the massive anode. 3
• This type of anode may be made up as hereinbefore described.
• a predetermined quantity of tungsten metal powder may be homogeneously admixed with a minor quantity of a soluble tungsten compound and then compacted 4 under suitable conditions of temperature and pressure or the mass may be cemented by a suitable binder.
• a similar procedure may be employed in making up an anode comprising a mixture of predetermined major quantities of tung- 4 sten metal powder and tungsten carbide powder and a minor quantity of the soluble tungsten compound.
• anodes may be made up containing the tungsten powder, tungsten carbide powder, or a combination of the two in ad- 5 mixture with tungsten oxides or other soluble tungsten compound and contaimng in addition to these predetermined quantities of powdered or discrete metals which are to be coplated with the tungsten for the production of an electro- 5 deposited alloy. It is particularly to beobserved that when tungsten metal is to be employed for the anode, complete reduction need not be effected; that is to say when utilizing a bath of the characteristics defined herein, it is a possible to use tungsten metal containing a small percentage of tungsten oxide. Thus when the tungsten metal which is employed as the anode is made by reduction from the oxides, a complete reduction is not essential; hence cheaper forms 6 of relatively pure tungsten metal may be employed effectively in the present invention.
• tungsten metal and tungsten carbide applies similarly to tungsten alloys.
• Suitable commer- 7 cial tungsten alloys may be utilized as anode materials in the present invention.
• the anode employed may itself be an electrodeposited alloy plate.
• the plate does not have to be as adherent or fine-grained as the ultimate plate and hence operative conditions may be so controlled as to secure the maximum amount of plated metal.
• Such alloy surface may be electrodeposited upon a basis metal or,.and preferably, upon a carbon core.
• Such alloys may be in the massive form or in the discrete or powdered form when suitably treated to provide a compact self-sustain electrode.
• Such materials likewise may be used in the relatively uncompacted form by utilizing an acid resistant anode container for the material.
• An electrode for use in the electrodeposition of tungsten which comprises a compacted mixture of discrete tungsten metal and tungsten carbide.
• An electrode for use in the electrodeposition of tungsten which comprises an intimate compacted mixture of tungsten metal and an oxide of tungsten.
• An electrode for use in the electrodeposition of tungsten which comprises anintimate compacted mixture of tungsten carbide and an oxide of tungsten.
• An electrode for use in the electrodeposition of tungsten which comprises an intimate compacted mixture of discrete tungsten metal, tungsten carbide and an oxide of tungsten.
• An electrode unit for use in the electrodeposition of tungsten which comprises anintimate mixture of discrete tungsten metal, tungsten carbide and a cementing agent.
• An anode for use in the electrodeposition of alloys of tungsten which comprises a compacted mixture of discrete tungsten metal and nickel.
• An anode for use in the electrodeposition of alloys of tungsten which comprises a compacted mixture of discrete tungsten carbide and nickel.
• An anode for use in the electrodeposition of alloys of tungsten which comprises a compacted mixture of discrete tungsten metal, tungsten carbide and nickel.
• An anode for use in the electrodeposition of alloys of tungsten which comprises a compacted mixture of discrete tungsten metal and a second metal coplatable with tungsten and comprised within the group consisting of nickel, chromium, cobalt, iron, cadmium, and antimony.
• An anode for use in the electrodeposition of alloys of tungsten which comprises a compacted mixture of discrete tungsten carbide and a second metal coplatable with tungsten and comprised within the group consisting of nickel, chromium, cobalt, iron, cadmium, and antimony.
• An anode for use in the-electrodeposition of alloys of tungsten which comprises a compacted mixture of discrete tungsten metal, tungsten carbide, and a second metal coplatable with tungsten and comprised within the group.consisting of nickel, chromium, cobalt, iron, cadmium, and antimony.
• An anode unit for use in the electrodeposition of alloys of tungsten which comprises a uniform mixture of tungsten carbide and discrete metals coplatable with tungsten and comprised within the group consisting of nickel, chromium, cobalt, iron, cadmium, and antimony.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
• Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=21808775

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (1)

• 1935
  • 1935-05-18 US US22281A patent/US2145746A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1936
  • 1936-05-12 FR FR806323D patent/FR806323A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1936-05-16 DE DE1936A0079416 patent/DE687549C/de not_active Expired

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