US2200452A - Method of producing cellulosic fibers having affinity for acid dyes - Google Patents

Description

. Patented May 14,

PATENT, OFFICE METHOD OF PRODUCING OELLULOSIC FI- BERS HAVING AFFINITY FOR ACID DYES Karl Kiisslinger, Dessau, Hermann Klare, Wolfcn Kreis Bitterfeld, and Herbert Rein, Dessau, Germany, assignors to I. G. Farbenindustrie Aktiengesell'schaft, Germany Frankfort on the Main,

No Drawing. Application May 9, 1935, Serial In Germany May 15, 1934 2 Claims. (01. 8-116) One'of its objects is an improved process of this kind. Another object is to improve the capacity of vegetable or artificial cellulosic fibers to be dyed by acid dyes as used for dyeing wool.

6 Further objects will be seen from the detailed specification following hereafter.

According to this invention a good afiinity for said wool-dyestuffs is imparted to vegetable or artificial cellulosic fibers by incorporating in the fiber, according to the customary methods, a primary, secondary or tertiary amine of the general formula (R1, R2, R3)N or a quarternary ammonium base of the general formula: (R132 R: R4 N) OH, or a salt of any of these compounds. These substances react on the fiber with the dyestuif acid and thus fix the dyestuff to the cellulosic fiber, so that they give to cotton, artificial silk and other cellulosic fibers dyeing properties similar to those of animal fibers. It is essential for the purpose of the invention that the amine or ammonium base should be taken up and retained by the fiber; this is the case when at least one of the residues represented by R1, R2, R3 and R4 comprises an aliphatic chain having eight or more carbon atoms. The remaining groups in the amine or ammonium base may' 'be hydrogen, aromatic residues or aliphatic residues containing less than eight carbon atoms. nitrogen atom of the amine or ammonium base 30 may itself be a member ofa ring system, that is to say it may belong to a heterocyclic ring.

The compounds may be incorporated in the cellulosic fibers by impregnating the fiber with a solution or emulsion of the base or of a salt there- 35 of with an inorganic or organic acid. vAn addition of formaldehyde increases the fastness of the dyeings produced on fibers treated in accordance with the invention. The formaldehyde may be added to the impregnating bath or it may be 40 applied to the fibers in a separate bath.

Instead of introducing the compounds subsequently to the production of the artificial fibers, the amine or ammonium base or salt thereof may be incorporated in the spinning solution and the latter then spun according to the known methods. Since the compounds are contained in the artificial fibers thus produced, the same effect is attained. The effect is further improved by the simultaneous addition of proteins to the 50 spinning solution directly before the spinning in 'accordancewith the process described in the U. S. Patent 2,059,632 to Paul Esselmann and Karl Kfisslinger, one of these being also an in- The.

ventor of' the present invention. These proteins may be fixed by the addition to the spinning solution of suitable compounds, for instance,

cholic acid or acid amines such as formamide or acetamide. In this case also the amine or ammonium base or salt thereof may be incorporated inthe spinning solution or artificial fibers prepared according to the aforesaid patent may be subsequently treated with a solution or emulsion of the base or asalt thereof.

The following examples illustrate the invention: v

Example 1.-200 grams of stearylamine acetate are dissolved in 40 liters of water containing 5 per cent of formaldehyde, 2 kilos of cellulosic artificial silk or cotton are introduced into the bath thus prepared and frequently moved therein upwards and downwards during 15 to 20 minutes. Thematerial is then centrifuged and dried at 80 to 90 C.

Example 2.The procedure is as in Example 1 with the exception that instead of stearylamine acetate there are used 20 grams of isopropyl; dodecylamine lactate or 200 grams of N-dodecyl- 1:3-propylene diamine formate.

The term-cellulosic is intendedto include materials consisting of cellulose or cellulose hydrate, however, it shall exclude cellulose derivatives such as cellulose esters and ethers.

What we claim is:

1.-A method of increasing the aflinity of cellulosic fibers for acid dyes which method comprises treating the undyed fibers with formaldehyde and an aqueous liquid containing a com; pound selected from the group consisting of amines containing an aliphatic radical of more than 8- carbon atoms, tetra alkyl ammonium bases containing at least one radical with more than 8 carbon atoms and salts of these compounds, and drying the fibers thus treated.

2. A method of increasing the aflinity of cellulosic fibers for acid dyes which method comprisesimp regnating the undyed fibers with formaldehyde and an, aqueous liquid containing a compouhd selected from the group consisting of amines containing an aliphatic radical of more than 8 carbon atoms, tetra alkyl ammonium bases containing at least one radical with more than 8 carbon atoms and salts of these compounds, and drying the fibers thus treated.

: KARL Kdssmwna.

HERMANN KI..AR.E. HERBERT REIN.