US2209782A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US2209782A
US2209782A US241090A US24109038A US2209782A US 2209782 A US2209782 A US 2209782A US 241090 A US241090 A US 241090A US 24109038 A US24109038 A US 24109038A US 2209782 A US2209782 A US 2209782A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ports
exhaust
cylinder
row
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US241090A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lindner Werner
Grantz Siegfried
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN AG
Original Assignee
MAN Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nuernberg AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nuernberg AG filed Critical MAN Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nuernberg AG
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Publication of US2209782A publication Critical patent/US2209782A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F02F1/22—Other cylinders characterised by having ports in cylinder wall for scavenging or charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2700/00—Measures relating to the combustion process without indication of the kind of fuel or with more than one fuel
    • F02B2700/03—Two stroke engines
    • F02B2700/037—Scavenging or charging channels or openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2720/00—Engines with liquid fuel
    • F02B2720/23—Two stroke engines
    • F02B2720/231—Two stroke engines with measures for removing exhaust gases from the cylinder

Definitions

  • This inventionV relates to internal combustion engines of the two-cycle character, in which the two-cycle character, in which the exhaust gases are scavenged from the cylinders by a scavenging 5 air flow and carried out through exhaust ports provided in a. side of the cylinder wall.
  • One object of the invention is the provision of a two-stroke cycle engine ofthe character mentioned having a row of exhaust ports and a row of scavenging air inlet ports arranged below the exhaust ports and on the same side' of the cylinder wall to provide for reverse scavenging iiow from the inlet ports across, along, and back along the cylinder to the exhaust ports, one or more of the exhaust ports being enlarged or len'gthened in a direction towards the inner dead center position of the piston to provide a more eiiicent scavenging action, especially at high speed engine operation.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a two-stroke cycle engine of the character mentioned in which one of the exhaust ports is elongated down to and beyond a transverse plane dening the upper end of the row of inlet ports, the inlet port adjacent such extended exhaust ports having a reduced size compared to an adjacent inlet port.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal central vertical section through an engine cylinder having a port arrangement embodying the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;
  • FiFigl. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of gi Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section through a cylinder showing a modified port arrangement n which one of the exhaust ports is of trapezoid orm;
  • Fig. 5- is a longitudinal 4vertical section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a transverse section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4; and
  • y Fig. '7 is a longitudinal vertical section through a cylinder showing another modification of the ports.
  • I designates the cylinder oif an internal combustion engine of the two-cycle character.
  • One side of the cylinder wall is provided with a row of scavenging air inlet ports or slots 3, and aboveithe inlet ports 3 is a row (Cl.
  • the port arrangement of the present-invention is one in which at least one of the exhaust ports is elongated or .lengthened in the direction towards the lower dead center position of the pis- 20 ton to provide a more eilicient and effective scavenging action; not only because of the increased exhaust area which it provides but also because of a. more thorough removal of the exhaust gases, particularly at high speed engine operation.
  • the 25 greater ow of the exhaust gases through the lelongated port induces a ow of a portion of the scavenging air so as to make-that portion travel upwardly through a part of the combustion space which is removed a substantial distance 30 from the cylinder wall because the exhaust gas core or portion within the cylinder near the enlarged exhaust port is not as'dense as the adjacent portions and-the scavenging. stream or streams closest to this exhaust gas portion is to 35 some extent drawn towards and into it.
  • the core of exhaust gases lying towards the4 center of the combustion, space is-therefore completely scavenged and pushed out ahead-of the scavenging air.
  • the upper ends of the exhaust ports are arranged substantially in the same common transverse plane, and quite remote from the cylinder head, one oiA the exhaust, ports, such as the 4,5 exhaust port i. being extended downwardly towards the row of scavengingl air inlet ports 3. 'I'he exhaust port 5, which thus extends downwardly a greater distance than the other exhaust ports adjacent to it, thus provides an ex- 50 haust passage oi considerably greater-areal than the adjacent exhaust ports, causing/a compara.- tively rapid rate of iiow of the exhaust gases.
  • the exhaust, ports such as the 4,5 exhaust port i. being extended downwardly towards the row of scavengingl air inlet ports 3.
  • 'I'he exhaust port 5 which thus extends downwardly a greater distance than the other exhaust ports adjacent to it, thus provides an ex- 50 haust passage oi considerably greater-areal than the adjacent exhaust ports, causing/a compara.- tively rapid rate of iiow of the exhaust gases.
  • the extent to which the exhaust port 5 reaches downwardly or towards the lower'dead 56 center position of the piston is such that as the piston descends it will still be uncovering the exhaust slot 5 when it starts to uncover the scavenging air inlet ports 3.
  • the inlet port which is arranged below the port 5 is of reduced height as compared with the inlet ports provided on opposite sides thereof.
  • the side walls of the inlet ports are so inclined towards the center of the side of the cylinder opposite the zone in which the ports are arranged to direct the air streams generally towards that center as they enter the combustion chamber, while the lower and upper walls of the scavenging air ports curve downwardly to dirct the scavenging air streams towards the top of the piston.
  • the scavenging air streams thus flow over the top of the piston'in different paths and then move up towards the cylinder head to provide a reverse scavenging flow out of the exhaust ports. Since the exhaust port 5 is of considerably increased area as compared to the adjacent exhaust ports, the total resistance to flow of the exhaust gases will be reduced, and the increased rate of flow through the enlarged port 5 will induce the scavenging air streams coming in from the immediately adjacent ports to move up substantially towards the cylinder head before traveling very far across the piston head.
  • the increased area. through which-the exhaus, gases can move outof the cylinder prevents the exhaust gases from collecting in front of the outlet openings, and the air streams are so directed in the cylinder as to effectively scavenge the gases from not only the outer portions of the combustion chamber but also to remove the inner core of exhaust gases and propel the same before it during its reverse flow through the combustion space.
  • This increase in eiectiveness of the scavenging action is obtained without arranging the upper ends of the exhaust ports any closer to the cylinder head than is expedient for efiicient action.
  • the exhaust port which extends to a greater distance towards the lower dead center position of the piston is not necessarily the central slot of the row, and the end slots of the row of exhaust slots may be the ones that are enlarged; and it is unnecessary that a rectangular scavenging air slot be provided below the enlarged exhaust port.
  • the exhaust port 5 is of trapezoid form, extending downwardly toward a point corresponding substantially to the plane which denes the lower end of thescavenging air ports 3, the scavenging air ports which are provided below the outer portions of the enlarged exhaust port 5 being oi considerably reduced cross sectional area and of triangular form as shown in this figure.
  • the enlarged exhaust port 5 is of rectangular form and projects down towards the piston to the plane dening the lower end of the inlet slots 3 so that the exhaust port 5 will not be fully uncovered until the scavengmg air inlet ports 3 are completely uncovered by the piston.
  • the scavenging air entering the inlet ports 3 immediately adjacent the enlarged port 5 will be drawn towards the center of the cylinder toa substantial degree because of the increased flow of exhaust gases through the larger exhaust port 5.
  • a cylinder and a piston operable therein, said cylinder having a row of exhaust ports and a row of scavenging air inlet ports arranged below the row of exhaust ports, said exhaust ports and inlet ports being adapted to be uncovered by.
  • the piston and ar-l ranged on only one side of the cylinder opposite an imperforate portion of the cylinder to provide for reverse scavenging flow from the inlet ports across, along, and back along the cylinder to the exhaust ports, at least one of said exhaust ports being closely adjacent an inlet port and extended towards the inner dead center position of the piston to a greater extent than other exhaust ports and at least to the transverse plane dening the upper end of the row of inlet porta.
  • a cylinder and Va piston operable therein, said cylinder having a row of exhaust ports and a row of scavenging air inlet ports arranged below the row of exhaust ports, said exhaust ports and inlet ports being adapted to be uncovered by the piston and arranged on one side of the cylinder to provide for .reverse scavenging flow from the inlet ports across, along, and back along the cylinder to the exhaust ports, at least one of said exhaust ports being extended towards the inner dead center position of the piston beyond the transverse plane dening the upper end of the row of inlet ports, the inlet port adjacent said extended exhaust port having a reduced size compared to an adjacent inlet port.
  • a cylinder and a piston operable therein, said cylinder having a row of exhaust ports and a row of scavenging air inlet ports arranged below the row of exhaust ports, said exhaust-ports and inlet ports being adapted to be uncovered by the piston and arranged on one side of the cylinder opposite an across the cylinder, along. the opposite side of the cylinder, and back along the adiacent'side of the cylinder to the exhaust ports, the exhaust port in the middle of the row being closely adjacent a plurality of said inlet ports and extended towards the inner dead center position of the piston to a greater extent than other exhaust ports and to a region where it will not be fully uncovered by the time the piston startsto uncover an inlet port.
  • a cylinder and a piston operable therein, saidV cylinder having a row of exhaust ports and a row of scavenging air inlet ports arranged below the row of exhaust ports, said exhaust ports and inlet ports 4being adapted to be uncovered by the piston and arranged on one side of the cylinder opposite an imperforate portion of the cylinder wall to provide for reverse scavenging ow from the inlet ports across, along, and back along the cylinder to the exhaust ports, at leastone of said exhaust ports being extended towards the inner dead cen-'- ter position of the piston beyond the transverse' plane dening the upper end of the row of inlet ports and arranged axially above an inlet port which extends axially ltowards the cylinder head a substantially smaller distance than the inlet port adjacent thereto.
  • a cylinder and a piston operable therein said cylinder having a row of exhaust ports and a. row of scavenging -air inlet ports arranged below the row of ex-.
  • exhaust ports said exhaust ports and inlet' ports Vbeing adapted to be uncovered by the piston and arranged on one side of the cylinder opposite an imperforate portion of the cylinder wall to p ro. vide for reverse scavenging ilow from the inlet ports across, along, and back along the cylinder to the exhaust ports, at least one of said exhaust ports being extended towards the innerA dead center position of the piston beyond the transverse plane detlning thepupper end of the row of inlet ports, said extended exhaust port having its lower portion of substantially smaller annular length than its upper portion and arranged above and closely adjacent a plurality of substantially triangular inlet ports which are comparatively small in size as compared to the other inlet ports.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US241090A 1937-11-24 1938-11-18 Internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US2209782A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM139906D DE675692C (de) 1937-11-24 1937-11-24 Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine mit einseitiger Umkehrspuelung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2209782A true US2209782A (en) 1940-07-30

Family

ID=7334439

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US241090A Expired - Lifetime US2209782A (en) 1937-11-24 1938-11-18 Internal combustion engine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2209782A (fr)
DE (1) DE675692C (fr)
FR (1) FR845520A (fr)
SE (1) SE96832C1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE814077C (de) * 1949-07-12 1951-09-20 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine mit einseitiger Umkehrschlitzspuelung
DE1239132B (de) * 1960-05-27 1967-04-20 Auto Union Gmbh Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine
US5541188A (en) * 1987-09-15 1996-07-30 The Rowett Research Institute Therapeutic applications of beta-adrenergic agonists
US5530029A (en) * 1987-09-15 1996-06-25 The Rowett Research Institute Therapeutic applications of clenbuterol

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Publication number Publication date
SE96832C1 (sv) 1939-09-12
FR845520A (fr) 1939-08-25
DE675692C (de) 1939-05-15

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