US2214476A - Method of making mirrors - Google Patents
Method of making mirrors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2214476A US2214476A US235661A US23566138A US2214476A US 2214476 A US2214476 A US 2214476A US 235661 A US235661 A US 235661A US 23566138 A US23566138 A US 23566138A US 2214476 A US2214476 A US 2214476A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- solution
- solutions
- nitrate
- hydrazine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 33
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 11
- ZGCHATBSUIJLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine sulfate Chemical compound NN.OS(O)(=O)=O ZGCHATBSUIJLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XNRKMVWPHIEDES-UHFFFAOYSA-N NO[N+]([O-])=O.[Ag+] Chemical compound NO[N+]([O-])=O.[Ag+] XNRKMVWPHIEDES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- RAESLDWEUUSRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-O aminoazanium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH3+]N.[O-][N+]([O-])=O RAESLDWEUUSRLO-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 9
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine Substances NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 hydrazine compound Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000692870 Inachis io Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- SWGZHHCRMZDRSN-BTJKTKAUSA-N (Z)-but-2-enedioic acid 1-phenoxypropan-2-ylhydrazine Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.NNC(C)COC1=CC=CC=C1 SWGZHHCRMZDRSN-BTJKTKAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- HAAYBYDROVFKPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;azane;nitrate Chemical compound N.N.[Ag+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O HAAYBYDROVFKPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/06—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals
- C03C17/10—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals by deposition from the liquid phase
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/095—Traffic lights
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improved method of applying a surface coating or layer of metallic silver which may serve as a reflecting medium when applied to transparent bodies, such as glass,
- the present invention has as its object the 50 elimination of the aforementioned objections to and difilculties encountered in the old method of silvering mirrors by the use of separately atomized silver and reducing solutions which may be sprayed onto the glass or other surface while the 55 latter is maintained in a plane inclined at a sub- (01. ill-69.1)
- a further and important object of the present invention is to provide silvering solutions of such formulae that they are suitable for use in atomized state without danger of creating explosive mixtures, it being well known that when accelerating agents, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide are mixed with the usual silver ammonio nitrate solution to form a single mixture a dangerously explosive combination is obtained. To minimize this danger it has been the practice to introduce the caustic alkali at as late a time as possible, the resultant mixture being used without further delay because the explosiveness of the mixture increased with its age. Obviously, this resulted in considerable waste of solutions because unless all of the mixture were employed within a relatively short interval after its preparation, in the interest of safety the unused prepared solutions were required to be destroyed.
- Figure 2 illustrates a convenient scheme for supporting a mir ror to be silvered in the desired inclined position
- Figure 1 illustrates schematically a. solution spraying apparatus for performing the spraying operation.
- the spraying apparatus essentially includes two solution tanks l0. and II respectively adapted'to contain sprayable solutions A and B which, when mixed together, act to deposit metallic silver upon the surface to be coated.
- the silver solution contains silver nitrate as the principal ingredient, while the reducing agent consists of a hydrazine compound, such as hydrazine sulphate, hydrazine nitrate or hydrazine hydrate. While the composition of these solutions may vary, of course, it is preferred that they be produced in accordance with the following exemplary formulae.
- Example 1 Solution Al Solution Bl This is preferably a solution oi Solution consisting oi 2 oz. of silver ammonio nitrate which hydrazine sulphate (or nitrate is prepared by dissolving 1 oz. or hydrate) dissolved in 100 oz. of silver nitrate in 100 oz. oi oi water. distilled water to provide an initial solution into which is added and stirred 1% oz. oi ammonium hydroxide.
- Example 4 Solution A4 Solution B4 Someassolntion A3 above Same as solution 33 above to which is added oz. of sodium hydroxide.
- Example 5 Solution B5 Solution A5 Solution consisting oi 1% oz. of ammonium hydroxide dissolved in 100 oz. of water.
- This caus.ic alkali is employed for the purpose of accelerating the chemical reaction between the silver ammonio nitrate solution and its reducing solution, but where the latter is sufliciently active per se to rapidly effect the deposition of the metallic silver out of the silver solution by reduction of the latter, as in Examples 1, 3 and 5, or where it may be desired to reduce the speed of reaction, the caustic may be dispensed with.
- the caustic alkali is nevertheless employed to still further speed up the reduction, as where the circumstances may require it.
- the caustic alkali may be the sodium hydroxide aforesaid or its equivalent, potassium hydroxide.
- the spray gun I2 is connected by the conduit l3 to a suitable source of compressed air supply, the compressed air being delivered from the gun by way of its discharge nozzle H, the gun being When compressed air is admitted to the spray gun by opening the control valve for the latter, such air passes through and is discharged from the nozzle H with suitable velocity.
- the compressed air passes the inner open ends of the fittings and II the solutions A and B are sucked or drawn out of the tanks 00 and I l by way of the flexible conduits l6 and l I and into the air stream where they are atomized and intimately mixed together.
- the flexible conduits l6 and I! are each provided with suitable valves 22 and 23 conveniently located within reach of the operator of the spray gun, these valves being opened subsequently to the opening of the compressed air control valve in the spray gun.
- the valves 22 ahd 23 closed, the supply of the solutions A and B is, of course, interrupted so that only so much of these solutions may be used as is necessary to complete a given silvering operation.
- the flexible conduits or tubes l8 and I1 permit independent movement of the spray gun so that it may be readily moved about to direct the discharge therefrom against the proper surface without disturbing the position of the containers l0 and l I.
- the plate glass to be silvered is supported in a position such as is shown in Figure 1.
- the plate glass 24 is mounted flatwise upon the inclined surface of an easel-like frame 25 which may be suitably supported in any manner upon a table 28.
- the easel 25 is so arranged that its angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal may be varied within wide limits, since it may be desirable in some instances to support the mirror plate 24 in a vertical plane and in other instances in a plane forming an acute angle with the horizontal. 7
- a further and important advantage of the present method resides in the fact that the solutions A and B may be employed at ordinary'room temperatures, in contradistinction to the older methods which usually require heat in the application of the silvering solution.
- the present method is particularly adapted for coating with silver other transparent materials such as are obtained from synthetic resins, cellulosederivatives and the like and which ordinarily so deleteriously aifect and impair the reaction of the usual silvering solutions applied in the customary manner as to produce unsatisfactory mirrors. Accordingly, it will be understood that the present invention is not limited in its application solely to the silvering of glass for mirror purposes, but instead may be generally employed for providing any surface with a reflective or decochemical reaction between said solutions.
- a method of depositing a film of metallic silver upon the surface of a body which comprises preparing and maintaining in separated relation separate solutions of silver ammonio nitrate and a reducing agent therefor, in simultaneously introducing approximately equal quantities of said solution into a Jet of compressed air, said solutions being entrained in said jet in the immediate vicinity of its discharge into atmosphere whereby said solutions are atomized and intimately mixed together for reaction to produce metallic silver which is adapted to be applied in the form of a homogeneous film over the surfaceto be covered, said reducing solution containing an-agent selected from the group consisting of hydrazine sulphate, hydrazine nitrate, and hydrazine hydrate and an accelerating caustic alkali.
- a method of depositing a film of metallic silver upon the surface of a body which comprises preparing and maintaining in separated relation separate solutions of silver ammonio nitrate and a reducing agent therefor, in simultaneously introducing approximately equal quantities of said solution into a jet of compressed air, said solutions being entrained in said jet in the immediate vicinity of its discharge into atmosphere whereby said solutions are atomized and intimately mixed together for reaction to produce metallic silver which is adapted to be applied in the form of a homogeneous film over the surface to be covered, said reducing solution containing a hydrazine compound selected from the group consisting of hydrazine sulphate, hydrazine nitrate, and hydrazine hydrate.
- a method of forming a metallic silver reflecting film upon a glass or like surface which comprises directing against said surface a. compressed air spray in which are atomized and intimately mixed separately formed solutions adapted to react with one another to produce metallic silver, said solutions containing silver nitrate, ammonium hydroxide and a hydrazine compound selected; from the group consisting of hydrazine sulphate, hydrazine nitrate, and hydrazine hydrate, at least one of said last-named ingredients being included in a solution separate from that containing the other of said ingredients.
- a method of forming a metallic silver reflecting film upon a glass or like surface which comprises directing against said surface a compressed air spray in which are atomized and intimately mixed separately formed solutions adapted to react with one another to produce metallic silver, said solutions containing silver nitrate, ammonium hydroxide, a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of hydrazine sulphate, hydrazine nitrate and hydrazine hydrate, and an accelerating caustic alkali, at least one of said first three named ingredients being included in a solution separate from that containing the other two of said first three named ingredients, and said caustic alkali being included in the solution other than that containing'the silver nitrate.
- a method of forming a metallic silver refiecting film upon a glass or like surface which comprises directing against said surface a compressed air spray in which are atomized and intimately mixed at least two separately formed solutions adapted to mutually react to produce metallic sllverfsaid solutions containing silver nitrate, ammonium hydroxide, a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of hydrazine sulphate, hydrazine nitrate and hydrazine hydrate and a caustic alkali accelerator and being characterized in that no one of said solutions contains all of the three first named ingredients and further in that the solutions respectively containing the silver nitrate and caustic alkali are mutually exclusive.
- a method of forming a film of metallic silver upon the surface of a body which comprises mixing in air a liquid spray containing silver ammonio nitrate and a liquid spray containing a reducing agent for said silver ammonia nitrate, and directing said mixed spray against the surface of the body to be covered, the reducing agent being selected from the group consisting of hydrazine sulphate, hydrazine nitrate, and hydrazine hydrate, said metallic silver deposit having a high coeiiicient of reflection at both the back and front surfaces thereof,
- a method of forming a film of metallic silver upon the surface of a body which comprises positioning the body so that its surface to be coated is inclined to the horizontal, preparing separate solutions one of which contains silver ammonio nitrate and the other of which contains a reducing agent therefor selected from the group consisting of hydrazine sulphate, hydrazine nitrate, and hydrazine hydrate, mixing in proximity to the surface to be coated a liquid spray of the solution containing silver ammonio nitrate and a liquid spray of the solution containing the reducing agent, and directing said mixed spray against the inclined surface so that the reaction product of said silver ammonio nitrate and reducing agent forms an adherent homogeneous metallic silver deposit thereon having a high coeflicient of reflection at both the back and front surfaces thereof, the mixed spray having sufllcient force to eflect a washing down of the inclined surface being coated.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US235661A US2214476A (en) | 1938-10-18 | 1938-10-18 | Method of making mirrors |
| FR847178D FR847178A (fr) | 1938-10-18 | 1938-12-06 | Procédé de fabrication de miroirs |
| GB3903/39A GB524753A (en) | 1938-10-18 | 1939-02-06 | Method of coating a surface with a film of metallic silver |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US235661A US2214476A (en) | 1938-10-18 | 1938-10-18 | Method of making mirrors |
| FR847178T | 1938-12-06 | ||
| GB3903/39A GB524753A (en) | 1938-10-18 | 1939-02-06 | Method of coating a surface with a film of metallic silver |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2214476A true US2214476A (en) | 1940-09-10 |
Family
ID=9767030
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US235661A Expired - Lifetime US2214476A (en) | 1938-10-18 | 1938-10-18 | Method of making mirrors |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2214476A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR847178A (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB524753A (fr) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2504117A (en) * | 1945-08-24 | 1950-04-18 | Eclipse Air Brush Co | Method of spraying multicolored coatings |
| US2581957A (en) * | 1948-11-19 | 1952-01-08 | Toledo Plate & Window Glass Co | Automatic apparatus for silvering mirrors |
| US2619430A (en) * | 1948-05-11 | 1952-11-25 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Method of silvering incandescent bulbs of the reflecting type |
| US2801935A (en) * | 1953-09-30 | 1957-08-06 | Merck & Co Inc | The use of hydrazine tartrate salts in the chemical deposition of metals |
| US2822289A (en) * | 1954-08-18 | 1958-02-04 | Olin Mathieson | Method of coating a surface with silver from solution |
| US2934454A (en) * | 1957-07-18 | 1960-04-26 | Canadian Pittsburgh Ind Ltd | Preparation of lead sulphide mirrors |
| US2943957A (en) * | 1958-10-21 | 1960-07-05 | Gen Electric | Method for the spraying of electron emitting thermionic cathodes |
| US2963383A (en) * | 1959-05-14 | 1960-12-06 | Kay Chemicals Inc | Spray silvering procedures |
| US2967112A (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1961-01-03 | Pilkington Brothers Ltd | Method and apparatus for applying metal-depositing solutions |
| US3239373A (en) * | 1962-04-24 | 1966-03-08 | Louis S Hoodwin | Printed circuit process |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1043597B (de) * | 1956-10-15 | 1958-11-13 | Max Ermes Fa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silberspiegeln |
| DE1195721B (de) * | 1958-03-11 | 1965-07-01 | Pilkington Brothers Ltd | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum innigen Mischen und Zerstaeuben von in Wechselwirkung stehenden Fluessigkeiten |
| US4365584A (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1982-12-28 | Falconer Plate Glass Corporation | Apparatus for making mirrors |
| US4135008A (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1979-01-16 | Falconer Plate Glass Corporation | Method of silvering mirrors |
-
1938
- 1938-10-18 US US235661A patent/US2214476A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1938-12-06 FR FR847178D patent/FR847178A/fr not_active Expired
-
1939
- 1939-02-06 GB GB3903/39A patent/GB524753A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2504117A (en) * | 1945-08-24 | 1950-04-18 | Eclipse Air Brush Co | Method of spraying multicolored coatings |
| US2619430A (en) * | 1948-05-11 | 1952-11-25 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Method of silvering incandescent bulbs of the reflecting type |
| US2581957A (en) * | 1948-11-19 | 1952-01-08 | Toledo Plate & Window Glass Co | Automatic apparatus for silvering mirrors |
| US2598391A (en) * | 1948-11-19 | 1952-05-27 | Toledo Plate & Window Glass Co | Spraying process |
| US2801935A (en) * | 1953-09-30 | 1957-08-06 | Merck & Co Inc | The use of hydrazine tartrate salts in the chemical deposition of metals |
| US2822289A (en) * | 1954-08-18 | 1958-02-04 | Olin Mathieson | Method of coating a surface with silver from solution |
| US2934454A (en) * | 1957-07-18 | 1960-04-26 | Canadian Pittsburgh Ind Ltd | Preparation of lead sulphide mirrors |
| US2967112A (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1961-01-03 | Pilkington Brothers Ltd | Method and apparatus for applying metal-depositing solutions |
| US2943957A (en) * | 1958-10-21 | 1960-07-05 | Gen Electric | Method for the spraying of electron emitting thermionic cathodes |
| US2963383A (en) * | 1959-05-14 | 1960-12-06 | Kay Chemicals Inc | Spray silvering procedures |
| US3239373A (en) * | 1962-04-24 | 1966-03-08 | Louis S Hoodwin | Printed circuit process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR847178A (fr) | 1939-10-04 |
| GB524753A (en) | 1940-08-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2214476A (en) | Method of making mirrors | |
| US2363354A (en) | Method of making mirrors | |
| GB1059508A (en) | Coating tablets | |
| US3083116A (en) | Raised printing powder and method of making same and using same | |
| US2619430A (en) | Method of silvering incandescent bulbs of the reflecting type | |
| US3215555A (en) | Methods and materials for metallizing ceramic or glass bodies | |
| DE2205894B2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines reflexionsvermindernden Überzuges | |
| US3876465A (en) | Method and apparatus for coating skirtless cathode ray tube panels | |
| US1922548A (en) | Surface ornamenting composition and method of preparing and applying the same | |
| US3135625A (en) | Method for applying catalyzed coating compositions | |
| US2564308A (en) | Surface treatment of molds | |
| US2759845A (en) | Processes of precipitating copper from copper sulfate solutions and precipitating media for so doing | |
| US2527260A (en) | Gelatino-silver halide emulsions having low setting temperatures and method of coating same | |
| US2316745A (en) | Ceramic decorating composition | |
| US2321656A (en) | Enamel coating for ferrous metals | |
| US2822289A (en) | Method of coating a surface with silver from solution | |
| US3674517A (en) | Solution for depositing transparent metal films | |
| US3635194A (en) | High-production machine utilizing spray masks | |
| US2043906A (en) | Matte surface and method of producing the same | |
| US2355186A (en) | Method of forming a bright metallic deposit on the surface of objects | |
| US2943957A (en) | Method for the spraying of electron emitting thermionic cathodes | |
| US2768944A (en) | Copper coating by galvanic action | |
| US2934454A (en) | Preparation of lead sulphide mirrors | |
| US2225729A (en) | Method of coloring vitreous articles | |
| US2341884A (en) | Playing card and process for making the same |