US2226445A - Fluid heat exchange apparatus - Google Patents

Fluid heat exchange apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2226445A
US2226445A US140812A US14081237A US2226445A US 2226445 A US2226445 A US 2226445A US 140812 A US140812 A US 140812A US 14081237 A US14081237 A US 14081237A US 2226445 A US2226445 A US 2226445A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
boiler
furnace
superheater
gas passes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US140812A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles S Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Babcock and Wilcox Co
Original Assignee
Babcock and Wilcox Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Babcock and Wilcox Co filed Critical Babcock and Wilcox Co
Priority to US140812A priority Critical patent/US2226445A/en
Priority to FR837552D priority patent/FR837552A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2226445A publication Critical patent/US2226445A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/04—Controlling superheat temperature by regulating flue gas flow, e.g. by proportioning or diverting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to steam boilers and it is particularly concerned with a steam boiler associated with a superheater in such a manner that thefinal temperature of the superheated 5 steam may be maintained at a substantially uniform value over a wide range of boiler capacities.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a boiler having upright steam generating tubes subjected to horizontal gas flow and associated 15 with a superheater in the manner above indicated.
  • Fig. 1 is a horizontal section of an illustrative embodiment indicating the relationship of the furnace to the steam generating tubes and the superheater. This view is taken on the line ll of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2 is a view in the nature of a vertical section taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows.
  • Fig. 3 is a view in the nature of a vertical section of the damper operating mechanism indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawings.
  • Fig. 4 is a detailed view in horizontal section showing a part of the damper and operating 45 mechanism on an enlarged scale.
  • Fig. 5 is a view in the nature of a perspective View showing a part of the operating mechanism by which the dampers for the superheater bypass are controlled.
  • Fig. 6 is a detailed View, substantially in horizontal section, showing the relation ofthe damper 52 to the tubes 62, and the manner in which the damper is supported by the tubes.
  • Fig. 7 is an elevation of the structure indi- 55 cated in Fig. 6 of the drawings.
  • Fig. 8 is partly a vertical sectional View on the line B8 of Fig. '7.
  • the boiler indicatedin Fig. 2 of the drawings includes a steam and waterdrum l connected to a submerged drum I2 by upright steam generating tubes l4.
  • the furnace [6 associated with this boiler is defined by wall tubes l8 and floor tubes 20. The latter are connected to the drum [2 so as to supply water to the tubes l8 through the header 22.
  • the tubes l8 have their upper por- 10 tions bent to define the room 24, and at the upper end of the roof they are connected with the drum l0.
  • the furnace wall tubes l8 may be covered as indicated in Fig. 1, with ceramic refractory ma terial 25, and the floor tubes are covered with smooth face metallic blocks 28. At the end of the furnace an ash pit 30 is located.
  • the par- 7 tition or baffle 32 of ceramic refractory mate rial, is supported by the'front row of tubes 34, and closes the spaces between them for a part of the distance across the boiler setting. Between'the end of this baflie and the boiler wall 36 the furnace gases have their outlet from the furnace. The gases flow through this outlet and through two parallel gas passes 40 and 42 leading to the second and third convection passes of the boiler. These gas passes are defined by the outside setting wall 36 and the transverse baves 43 and 44 extending from front to rear between upright tubularelements forming heating surfaces of the installation. As shown in Fig.
  • the gas pass 42 is a superheater bypass in which the steam generating tubes 46 are positioned.
  • a superheater 48 having upright tubular elements extending across the path of the furnace gases.
  • the superheater is screened by rows of steam generating tubes 50 interposed between the furnace and the superheater.
  • the draft loss through the bypass 42 due to the restriction of the steam generating tubes 46 is less than the draft loss due to the restriction in the main pass 40 resulting from the closely spaced superheater tubes 48. Opening the dampers 5258 will accordingly divert flow of gases from the pass 40 to pass 42.
  • Fig. 3 indicates the dampers as pivoted upon horizontal rods held in position by lugs 60 preferably welded to the rear tubes 62 of the bank of steam generating tubes. These dampers are moved from their positions indicated in full lines in Fig.
  • operating mechanism including a link 64 and connecting rods 66 and 68 pivotally associated with the link at I0 and I2.
  • the connecting rods extend through openings I4 and I6 formed in the rear boiler wall I8 and at their outer ends they are connected to bell-cranks and 82 pivotally mounted on brackets 84 and 88 for corresponding movements. These brackets are fixed to the wall 18 so .as to maintain the bell-cranks in their operative positions.
  • the bell-cranks 80 and 82 are connected by a rod 88 and are moved to their adjusted positions by the operation of a handwheel 90 fixed upon an upright shaft 92 which carries a worm 94 at its upper end.
  • This worm is fixed upon the shaft 92 b etween the arms 96 and 98 of a bracket I00 through which the bell-crank trunnion I02 rotatably extends.
  • the worm 94 meshes with a worm gear sector I04 which is fixed upon the trunnion I02.
  • the .latter is rotatable in bearings formed in arms of the bracket 86, and between these arms the bell-crank 82 is fixed to the trunnion I02.
  • operation of the handwheel causes corresponding pivotal movements of the bell-cranks 80 and 82 and consequently moves the dampers 52-58 to desired positions.
  • Various positions of the dampers are designated by an indicator IIO movable by the turning of the shaft 92 with respect to indicia which form a scale on the bracket H2.
  • the pointer H0 is preferably carried by a sleeve II4 on the shaft 92.
  • Theopenings I4 and I6 are closed by movable seal plates I20 and I22 which are movable vertically with the connecting rods 66 and 88.
  • the connecting rods extend through openings in theseplates, and the seal plates are slidable in guideways formed beneath parallel plates I26 and I28 fixed with reference to the boiler wall I8.
  • the connecting rods'66 and 68 are freely slidable through the plates I20 so that the dampers may be moved to any desired position, and the plates I28 are always maintained in gas sealing relationship to the boiler wall.
  • the shaft 92 may also be automatically operated by devices which are responsive to changes in steam flow, or in response to changes in superheat from a desired value, or by other appropriate variables. With the use of such devices, the superheat may be maintained at a desired value, and compensatory adjustments are effected for the usual variations in gas flow which would otherwise make the superheat irregular.
  • the dampered outlet of the superheater bypass42 extends over only a part of the vertical extent of the bypass.
  • the bypass is closed off by a baille I30 which may be formed by refractory blocks held in position between two rows of the boiler tubes.
  • a similar baffle extends from the top damper 52 to the drum I0.
  • furnace gases From the outlets of the parallel gas passes 40 and 42 the furnace gases fiow through a gas pass I34 defined by the baflle 44 and a parallel bafile I38.
  • a furnace gas space I38 between the small diameter steam generating tubes I40 and the tubes 32 facilitates the turning of the gases from the gas pass I34 to the last gas pass I42. From the latter, the furnace gases may pass to an air heater, or directly to a stack or suitable draft inducing equipment.
  • each individual damper consists of an alloy shell 320, the metal of which has high heat resisting properties.
  • This shell for insulating purposes, and for lightness of construction, is filled with a non-combustible heat insulating material 322, and the shell is thereafter sealed in an appropriate manner, such as by welding.
  • the shell has upper and lower lugs 324 and 326, the former of which receive the rod 328 upon which the damper is pivoted.
  • This rod is supported in operative position by the brackets 330 and 332 which are welded to the tubes 62 in the positions shown.
  • the lower lugs 326 are provided with openings to receive the pins by which the link 64 is pivotally related thereto.
  • a steam boiler having an upper steam and water drum, a lower water drum, a vertically disposed convection heated bank of steam generating tubes extending between and connected to'said drums along the length thereof, means forming a furnace chamber laterally of the space containing said tube bank and communicating therewith at only one end, bame means extending transversely of said tube space and arranged to divide said tube space into a plurality of serially connected gas passes extending transversely of said tube bank, means for effecting a substantially horizontal flow of heating gases through said serially connected gas passes, an intermediate baffle dividing the first of said serially connected gas passes into two parallel gas passes, a superheater having its tubes disposed in one of said parallel gas passes while some of the steam generating tubes are disposed in the other, and a gas flow regulator disposed adjacent the outlet of one of the parallel passes to selectively control the proportioning of the furnace gas flow between the parallel passes and thereby control superheat.
  • a steam boiler having an upper steam and water drum, a lower water drum, a vertically disposed convection heated bank of steam generating tubes extending between and connected to said drums along the length thereof, means form ing a furnace chamber laterally adjoining the space containing said tube bank and communicating therewith at only one end, boiler setting walls, bafile means extending transversely of said tube space and co-operating with said setting walls to divide said space into a plurality of serially connected gas passes extending transversely of said tube bank, means for burning fuel in said furnace chamber and effecting a substantially horizontal flow of heating gases longitudinally from said furnace chamber and reversely through said serially connected gas passes, an intermediate baflle dividing the first of said serially connected gas passes into two parallel gas passes from which gases unite to pass over some of the steam generating tubes, a superheater having its tubes disposed in one of said parallel gas passes while some of the steam generating tubes are disposed in the other, a gas flow regulator disposed adjacent the outlet of one of the parallel gas passes and adjacent one of the
  • a steam boiler having an upper steamand water drum, a lower water drum, a vertically disposed convection heated bank of steam generating tubes extending between and connected to said drums along the length thereof, means forming a furnace chamber laterally of the space containing said tube bank and communicating therewith at only one end, bafile means extending transversely of said tube space and arranged to divide said tube space into a plurality of serially connected gas passes extending transversely of said tube bank, means for effecting a substantially horizontal flow of heating gases through said serially connected gas passes, an intermediate bafile dividing the first of said serially connected gas passes into two parallel gas passes, a superheater having its tubes disposed in one of said parallel gas passes, and a gas flow regulator disposed adjacent the outlet of one of the parallel passes and adjacent one of the boiler setting Walls, and means extending through the last named wall to selectively control the proportioning of the furnace gas flow between the parallel passes and thereby control superheat.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
US140812A 1937-05-05 1937-05-05 Fluid heat exchange apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2226445A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US140812A US2226445A (en) 1937-05-05 1937-05-05 Fluid heat exchange apparatus
FR837552D FR837552A (fr) 1937-05-05 1938-05-05 Perfectionnements au réglage de la surchauffe dans les générateurs de vapeur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US140812A US2226445A (en) 1937-05-05 1937-05-05 Fluid heat exchange apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2226445A true US2226445A (en) 1940-12-24

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ID=22492897

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US140812A Expired - Lifetime US2226445A (en) 1937-05-05 1937-05-05 Fluid heat exchange apparatus

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Country Link
US (1) US2226445A (fr)
FR (1) FR837552A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597203A (en) * 1947-10-29 1952-05-20 Babcock & Wilcox Co Fluid temperature control
US20100192876A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2010-08-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Boiler and method for adjusting temperature of steam output from boiler

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597203A (en) * 1947-10-29 1952-05-20 Babcock & Wilcox Co Fluid temperature control
US20100192876A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2010-08-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Boiler and method for adjusting temperature of steam output from boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR837552A (fr) 1939-02-14

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