US2232181A - Telephone system - Google Patents

Telephone system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2232181A
US2232181A US181938A US18193837A US2232181A US 2232181 A US2232181 A US 2232181A US 181938 A US181938 A US 181938A US 18193837 A US18193837 A US 18193837A US 2232181 A US2232181 A US 2232181A
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Prior art keywords
relay
armature
circuit
operated
over
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Expired - Lifetime
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US181938A
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English (en)
Inventor
John William Mcclew
Austin Hugh Williams
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Associated Telephone and Telegraph Co
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Associated Telephone and Telegraph Co
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M15/00—Arrangements for metering, time-control or time indication ; Metering, charging or billing arrangements for voice wireline or wireless communications, e.g. VoIP
    • H04M15/10—Metering calls from calling party, i.e. A-party charged for the communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/18—Electrical details
    • H04Q1/30—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents
    • H04Q1/32—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using trains of DC pulses
    • H04Q1/36—Pulse-correcting arrangements, e.g. for reducing effects due to interference

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to telephone systems and is more particularly concerned with systems employing impulse repeaters of the type adapted to receive a train of distorted impulses on a registering device and to retransmit them to a succeeding switch in corrected form as regards both ratio and speed.
  • the invention may be carried out with particular advantage by the use of a so-called mechani-' cal impulse repeater of the type disclosed in J. W. McClew and C. R. Riversides application No. 79,830, filed May 15, 1936, now Patent No. 2,188,461, dated Aug. 16, 1938.
  • registering equipment responsive to trains of incoming impulses is adapted to be operated after the desired connection is established to measure the duration of the conversation for charging purposes.
  • the equipment is set in operation to control a metering or like charging operation at predetermined intervals.
  • a further feature of the invention is that in a telephone system employing an impulse regenerator of the type wherein a stepping member is moved by incoming impulses away from a cooperating member which moves towards the first member to transmit corresponding regenerated impulses arrangements are provided whereby the first member is stepped at regular intervals away from the second member and after moving a predetermined distanceproduces circuit changes for controlling a metering or like charging operation.
  • Relay B thereupon energises relays IP and BR over armature b2, extends a guard earth at armature b3 on to the incoming P2 lead associated with incoming selectors, operates relay AL over armature b5 and at armature b6 extends a guard earth by way of the low resistance lower winding of relay TE on to the P conductor associated with regular and coin box selectors.
  • Relay BR upon operating, at armature br4 applies earth to the common time pulse generation set start lead ST in preparation for the subsequent timing of conversational periods, while armatures M2 and b4 together complete a loop comprising the windings of relays D and I and the impulse springs IMP across the outgoing junction in order to prepare the terminating equipment at the distant exchange for the reception of impulses.
  • Relay I now operates and polarises the shunt field relay D over its right-hand winding, the latter however being non-operative in this condition.
  • Relay AL at armature al3 operates relay BB by way of its lower winding; these relays however have no immediate function.
  • the storage device is indicated diagrammatically in the circuit by the discs R, P and S and it will be understood from reference to the details given in the prior specification that the receiving disc R is rotated step-by-step in response to the received impulses and carries with it a marking lever which is released at the end of each train of impulses to push a corresponding pin through the plate P into the path of the sending disc S. For each digit received, a corresponding pin is pushed through plate P and these serve to regulate the movement of the sending disc S which controls the generation of the outgoing impulses.
  • relay A On reception of the first train of impulses, relay A responds and at its armature aI repeats the impulses to the receiving magnet RM of the storage device in parallel with relay C, relays B and C remaining operated during the train due to their slugs.
  • Relay C upon operating, at armature cI energises the marking magnet MM of the storage device in order to tilt the marking lever carried by the disc R clear of the pins.
  • the impulses received by the magnet RM rotate the disc R step by step and on the first movement of this disc the ofi-normal springs are operated and at contacts NI various circuits are prepared and an earth is extended to the pin plate P.
  • relay A At the end of the train of pulses relay A remains steadily operated and on the release of relay C after its slow period the circuit for the marking magnet MM is opened and this magnet restores causing the lever carried by the disc R to release and push a corresponding pin into the path of the disc S.
  • the contacts mm controlled by the marking magnet close and complete a circuit for relay ON which thereupon operates and looks at armature onI for the remainder of the setting operation to the offnormal contacts NI.
  • Relay ON also completes an operating circuit for relay AP from earth, offnormal contacts NI, fixed plate P in contact with the pin left projecting after the previous call, the reset pin in the disc S which bears against this pin and thus restrains this disc from movement, armature on5, contacts sm, winding of relay AP to battery, while at armature ant and on! the windings of relays D and I are short-circuited, the storage device impulse springs IMP are connected directly in the outgoing loop and the condensers QA and QB are disconnected in order to improve the impulsing characteristics of the pulsing-out circuit.
  • relay IP On the operation of relay AP, relay IP is disconnected at armature apZ and an energising circuit for the sending magnet SM is prepared at armature apI.
  • the release time of relay IP is arranged to be of the order of 600 milli-seconds so that the pause between successive trains of impulses which is determined thereby is ample to allow the selectors in the train being set up to hunt for a free outlet.
  • the pulses of the first incoming train are sent out in regenerated form by way of the impulsing springs IMP controlled from the storage device and these impulses serve to set the distant switch.
  • Relay AP upon releasing also re-energises relay IP in preparation for timing the interdigital pause after the sending out of the train of pulses. During this time further trains of impulses may be received on the receiving disc, the two operations of reception and retransmission being enabled to go on simultaneously but independently of each other.
  • relay AP When the disc S comes up against the stop pin indicating the termination of the first train of pulses, relay AP is again operated and relay IP released and accordingly the sending magnet again receives a momentary energisation in order to release the disc S again to generate the second train of impulses in the manner described.
  • the sending disc S When all the digits received have been retransmitted, the sending disc S will catch up with the receiving disc R whereupon the oiT-normal contacts NI open and prevent further operation of relay AP and relay ON is released thus re-inserting relays D and I in the outgoing loop.
  • relay DA On transmission of the next S pulse, relay DA is operated and at armature daI prepares a. circuit for relay DB which is operated after the appropriate time interval from the Z pulse in series with the middle winding of relay DA.
  • Relay DA remains locked over its left-hand winding until relay DB operates from the Z pulse when both the initial energising circuit and the locking circuit for relay DA are opened, but it remains held over its middle winding in series with the left-hand winding of relay DB for the duration of the Z pulse.
  • relay J is connected by way of armatures (i115 and dbZ to the meter pulse lead MP and will be operated thereover one or more times in accordance with the length of the outgoing junction.
  • relay J connects booster battery over common lead II] to the incoming P conductor so as to actuate the subscribers meter the appropriate number of times.
  • relay DA restores to prevent further operation of the metering relay J and relay DB remains operated in series with resistance YA to earth over armatures b193, dbl and brI.
  • Relay DB also at armature db5 connects the receiving magnet RM of the storage device to the common lead I2 to which an earth pulse of short duration is connected from the time pulse generation set every four and a half seconds.
  • the magnet RM On reception of the next pulse the magnet RM will be energised in parallel with relay whereupon at armature cl the marking magnet MM will also be energised.
  • the magnet RM At the conclusion of this pulse the magnet RM will be de-energised and since it is of the reverse drive type, the receiving disc R will now be rotated one step.
  • the regenerator off-normal springs will now be operated and at contacts NI complete a circuit for relay ON by way of armature d1'3 since the marking magnet interrupter contacts mm will still be open.
  • the energising circuit for the marking magnet On release of relay 0 after its slow release period the energising circuit for the marking magnet will be opened but it remains energised by the reduced current flowing over armatures drd and t3 and resistance YB. On the next and subsequent pulses the magnet RM only will respond since the energising circuit of relay C is now disconnected at armatures 0M and M2. The disc R of the regenerator will thus be rotated step by step in order to measure the predetermined conversational period allowable for the first meter fee.
  • Relay T at armature t2 disconnects the irnpulsing circuit to the receiving magnet RM and at armature t3 opens the holding circuit for the marking magnet whereupon the lever carried by the receiving disc R is allowed to tilt back towards the plate P and thus moves the pin opposite which it is positioned into the path of the sending disc S. This serves to provide a homing position to which the sending disc S will be subsequently rotated on restoration of the device to normal, either in preparation for timing a further periodor for dealing with a further call.
  • Relay T also at armature tl connects the right-hand winding of relay CD to the common lead M from the time pulse generation equipment to which an earth pulse is connected every 12 seconds.
  • relay CD On reception of the next pulse, relay CD is energised over its right-hand winding which is only efficient enough to close the make-first armature cdl. At the end of the pulse the earth shunt is removed. from the left-hand efficient winding of relay CD and it now operates fully by way of its two windings in series over armatures ed! and dbfi. Lead [4 is now extended over armature cd2 to relay CO which is also of the two-step type and the sending magnet SM is now energised over armatures ipl, apl and cd3 and opens the holding circuit of relay AP at contacts sm.
  • Relay AP upon releasing disconnects the sending magnet energising circuit whereupon the sending disc is freed in the normal manner and rotates until it catches up with the receiving disc as marked by the pin displaced on operation of relay T.
  • the impulse springs IMP finding a circuit from the earthed transformer connected to common lead ll, through condenser QC to earth via the middle winding of relay A. Thence it is transmitted by induction to the outer windings of this relay and is thus extended on to the incoming negative and positive conductors in a balanced circuit.
  • the calling party must now decide during the following grace. period whether he will conclude the conversation or be metered for a further period.
  • relay CO is operated from lead M in a similar manner to relay CD and on operation of this relay the pip-pip tone circuit is disconnected at armature 003. Arrangements are provided whereby repeat metering may at once take place or the grace period may be extended for a further 12 seconds. If terminals l5 and I! are strapped, on the operation of relay CO earth will be extended by way of armature 004 to short-circuit and release relay DB which has hitherto been holding over its right-hand winding in series with resistance YA while if terminals l5 and G8 are strapped, relay DB will not be released until the reception of the next earth pulse over lead I4.
  • relay DB If, on release of relay DB, the calling party has not already hung up, metering again takes place on the next Z pulse and the timing of the second conversational period is commenced.
  • the release of relay DB releases relays CD and CO and when relay DB re-operates pulses from lead l2 are again connected to the receivingmagnet RM.
  • relay 3 commences to release and during its release time.
  • relay C is operated whilst relays AL, BB, BR, DD, AP, ON, DB, D and I and also the marking magnet MM are already operated.
  • relay B the forward loop is opened to release the switches in the distant exchange, whereupon relays D, I and DD release so that the pulsing circuit to the magnet RM is opened at armature ddfi whilst relays BR and C which are slow in releasing due to their slugs now commence to release.
  • the guard earth is removed from the incoming P and P2 leads thereby enabling the preceding train of switches to be released for further use with a minimum of delay and on release of this relay the guard earth is replaced until relay BB is released when the storage device is subsequently restored to normal.
  • the holding circuit for relay DR is opened and on release of the latter after its slow period the sending magnet SM receives a momentary energisation by interaction with relay AP. Thereupon the sending disc S is freed and at the same time the marking magnet is de-energised and depresses a pin to provide a home position to which'the sending disc will rotate.
  • relay AP The release of relay AP by the operation of the sending magnet SM releases relays DB and AL, but relay BB remains held from the operated armature 0113.
  • relay ON restores due to the opening of the off-normal contacts NI and opens the latter the relay set is completely restored and is available for further use.
  • relay CD will be operated in addition to the relays previously mentioned and the sending disc will already be released and will be rotating to catch up with the receiving disc.
  • the circuit operation on release of relay B will however follow a similar course to that just described.
  • relay C is energised in parallel with the receiving magnet RM and hence the marking magnet MM is also energised.
  • the magnet RM is de-energised and the disc R is thereupon rotated one step due to the reverse drive principle of the magnet armature Whilst on the subsequent release of relay C the marking magnet is released to displace a corresponding pin in the disc P.
  • Relay ON is operated on the closure of the off-normal contacts NI and operates relay AP; the release thereupon takes place in the normal manner.
  • Relay TG will now be operated over its lower winding in series with the earthed tone transformer by way of armatures c124, odd and co3 and looks over its upper winding by way of armatures cb'3, tel and 1591, relay TE having been released by the operation of relay DA at the beginning of the timing cycle.
  • Relay TG at armature 02 makes the holding circuit for relay A dependent on the earth supplied by armatures (H94 and bb l and hence it will be appreciated that relay TG must be restored to normal before relay DB is released at the end of the grace period, otherwise relay A will be released and the conversation in progress will be broken down. If the calling coin box subscriber inserts the necessary fee during this time, a momentary battery pulse is again supplied over the incoming P lead from the coin box selector whereupon relay TE will be operated and will lock up as before, while on the operation of relay CO relay TG will be released to maintain the earth feed to relay A. Conversation may now proceed for a further predetermined period without further payment.
  • terminal I! is strapped to terminal 16 rather than to terminal l5
  • the effect would be that a regular subscriber could have a call of unlimited length for the initial fee while a coin box subscriber would have to make an additional payment at the end of each predetermined period.
  • a convenient arrangement in practice would be to strap terminals I5 and I1 and IE and I8 and connect armature 04 to earth over a normally closed armature of relay CB. This would mean that both classes of subscribers would be charged on a time basis but the coin box subscriber would be allowed an extra 12 seconds grace period which would give him an opportunity to find and insert further coins.
  • relay LD On seizure of the relay set, relay LD will be operated over its left-hand winding in series with relay A which also operates and on operation of relay BB in the normal manner relay LD looks over its right-hand winding to earth via armatures Zdl, c2 and b174, while its left-hand winding is short-circuited at armature 12125 to prevent the inductance of this winding from interfering with the impulsing circuit to relay A.
  • Relay LD upon operating connects earth at armature 1:22 and M3 to the outgoing negative and positive junction conductors in order to bring about the operation of a differential relay in the distant incoming selector, which relay thereupon locks and causes the switching over to the second set of wipers.
  • the magnet RM On reception of the first set of dialled impulses, the magnet RM responds in the normal manner and relay C at armature c2 opens the holding circuit of relay LD which thereupon releases and the circuit operation thereafter proceeds in the normal manner.
  • the supervision is arranged to cover the operating circuits for the receiving, marking and sending magnets, the off-normal contacts and the operating path for relay AP and in case the device cannot be stepped off-normal or be restored to normal after a setting operation due to either a disconnection in any of these circuits or to a mechanical fault, alarm conditions will be brought about.
  • relay BB will be maintained from armature on3 and will guard the relay set against seizure by further outgoing calls, whilst earth will be extended over armatures brl and 0118 to light the supervisory lamp LP in series with delayed alarm equipment connected to common lead l3.
  • relay AL will hold operated and will maintain relay BB for guarding purposes and the delayed alarm will be brought into operation by way of armature 1112.
  • test terminals marked TJ giving access to various controlling points of the circuit are provided for the convenience of the exchange maintenance staff.
  • the high resistances connected across conductors QA and QB in the transmission circuit serve to eliminate microphonic noise whilst the condensers and associated resistances connected in parallel with the various impulsing circuits prevent destructive arcing at the contacts.
  • a step-by-step device operated by impulses from a calling station and effective to directively control said switches to extend a call in accordance with said impulses, and means for operating said device at spaced intervals during the talking period of said call.
  • a step-by-step device operated by impulses from a calling station and effective to directively control said switches to extend a call, means effective after the call has been extended for transmitting an impulse to said device at spaced intervals, and means controlled by said device and rendered effective periodically throughout the conversation for transmitting an audible tone to the conversing subscribers.
  • impulse operated means for directively controlling said switches to extend a connection
  • means controlled by said first means and operated periodically to impress an audible tone upon the connection after the connection is completed means operated an interval of time after each operation of said last means, and means for varying said interval of time.
  • a telephone system as claimed in claim 3 having subscribers lines of different classes, wherein said last means varies said interval of time automatically in dependence upon the class of the calling line.
  • a device for timing conversations comprising, a member rotatable in but one direction and having no normal position, means for arbitrarily marking any position occupied by said member as an index position, and impulse responsive means operated periodically during a conversation thereby to rotate said member in steps from said index position, and means controlled by said device for causing the conversation to be interrupted responsive to rotation of said member a predetermined number of steps from said index position.
  • a timing device for use in telephone systems comprising, a member rotatable in but one direction and having no normal position, means for arbitrarily marking any position occupied by said member as an index position, impulse responsive means operated periodically to rotate said member in steps from said index position, and means operated responsive to rotation of said member a predetermined number of steps from said index position.
  • a timing device for use in telephone systems comprising, a pair of movable members normally occupying adjacent positions, impulse responsive means operated periodically for moving one of said members in steps away from the other member, means operated responsive to the separation of said two members by a predetermined number of steps, and means controlled by said last means for moving said other member to a position adjacent the position then occupied by said first member.
  • a timing device for use in telephone systems comprising, a movable member, means for marking the position occupied by said member, means for effacing the marking of a position previously occupied by said member, impulse responsive means operated periodically to step said member in a particular direction, and means effective responsive to said member being moved a predetermined number of steps from the last marked position occupied by said member for controlling said first means and said second means to cause the position then occupied by said member to be marked and to cause the marking of said last marked position to be efiaced.
  • an impulse repeater having two stepping members normally occupying adjacent positions wherein the first member moves away from the second member responsive to received impulses and the second member moves toward the first member to transmit corresponding impulses during the extension of a call, a metering circuit, and means for rendering said circuit effective after said call after the call is extended thereby to step said first member away from said second member, and means operated responsive to the separation of said members by a predetermined number of steps.
  • an impulse repeater having one member moved responsive to impulses from a calling station and a second member moved over the same path as said first member for controlling the transmission of corresponding impulses to said switches to extend a call, means for moving said first member during the talking period of said call, and means for transmitting metering impulses in accordance with the movement of said first member during said talking period.
  • a timing device for use in telephone systems comprising, a series of elements each havinga normal position, a movable member operatively associated with one of said elements, means for displacing said one element, means for moving said member step-by-step to operatively associate said member with others of said elements in sequence, and means operated responsive to said member being moved a predetermined number of steps from said one element for causing said first means to displace that element with which said member is then operatively associated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Interface Circuits In Exchanges (AREA)
  • Prepayment Telephone Systems (AREA)
US181938A 1937-01-06 1937-12-27 Telephone system Expired - Lifetime US2232181A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB435/37A GB488430A (en) 1937-01-06 1937-01-06 Improvements in or relating to telephone systems

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US2232181A true US2232181A (en) 1941-02-18

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FR (1) FR831620A (fr)
GB (1) GB488430A (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2488797A (en) * 1945-06-13 1949-11-22 Automatic Elect Lab Electrically operated timing arrangement
US2543022A (en) * 1945-08-03 1951-02-27 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Metering circuit control for automatic telephone systems
US2546605A (en) * 1947-02-12 1951-03-27 Automatic Elect Lab Measured service telephone system
US2570239A (en) * 1948-12-15 1951-10-09 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Time zone telephone metering system
US2595062A (en) * 1949-12-12 1952-04-29 Stromberg Carlson Co Telephone conversation timing means
US2602119A (en) * 1947-10-15 1952-07-01 Automatic Elect Lab Pay station time signal
US2724741A (en) * 1950-06-21 1955-11-22 Automatic Elect Lab Local and remote exchange timed metering
US2747016A (en) * 1952-11-14 1956-05-22 Gen Dynamics Corp Conversation timing circuit
US3723663A (en) * 1971-09-24 1973-03-27 J Ewen Battery feed and ring trip relay circuit

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2488797A (en) * 1945-06-13 1949-11-22 Automatic Elect Lab Electrically operated timing arrangement
US2543022A (en) * 1945-08-03 1951-02-27 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Metering circuit control for automatic telephone systems
US2546605A (en) * 1947-02-12 1951-03-27 Automatic Elect Lab Measured service telephone system
US2602119A (en) * 1947-10-15 1952-07-01 Automatic Elect Lab Pay station time signal
US2570239A (en) * 1948-12-15 1951-10-09 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Time zone telephone metering system
US2595062A (en) * 1949-12-12 1952-04-29 Stromberg Carlson Co Telephone conversation timing means
US2724741A (en) * 1950-06-21 1955-11-22 Automatic Elect Lab Local and remote exchange timed metering
US2747016A (en) * 1952-11-14 1956-05-22 Gen Dynamics Corp Conversation timing circuit
US3723663A (en) * 1971-09-24 1973-03-27 J Ewen Battery feed and ring trip relay circuit

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Publication number Publication date
FR831620A (fr) 1938-09-09
GB488430A (en) 1938-07-06

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