US2235514A - Transfer - Google Patents

Description

March 1.8, 1941. B, F, BRQwN 2,235,514

` TRANSFER Filed ost. v. 193e THE/Mo -PL A57/c MM5/VE fm2 ffLLULoJ (aP/4905) lfatented Mar. 18, 1941 i lU:sufrenv STATES eATENT OFFICE :l'luiirsr'intV I 'I Y l 4 Benjamin F. Brown, Chicago, Ill.

-' Application Olfbtl' 7, 1938, SllfNO. 233,886

'l Claims. (Cl. 41-33) .to the surfaces ofany desired objects, as furni-v ture of wood or metal, walls, wall-boards,plaster boards, metal plates, woodpanels or any other surface. f

It is also an object of the -a transfer adapted for applying a design to texl tues, fabrics, ce11u1ose sheets, leather, artificial leather or any other rigid or flexible material whose surfaces are not aected by 'the heat employed during the application ofthe transfer. Another object of the invention is to provide 2 a transfer ofthe above named character which eliminates the necessity of soaking the carrier sheet or backing paper in water for-removing the same from vthe printed or painted' design which `is to be applied to the desired surface.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a transfer in which the ilm to .be transferred 5 comprises a plurality of coatings, each performing a certain purpose, and applying the nlm in such manner to the desired surface that during the application the various eeetings wm blend into each other, whereby a sharp delineation of thedesign particularly in the case of wood pattern vwill be avoided, with the result that the design will/appear very natural, without any trace of any` screen dots, as in the case when the various coatings have been applied by the silk screen process, or lithographie or photo engraving .process. y

Another object of the inventiony is to provide a transfer which is applied to the `desired surface solely by theapplication ofsteam, heatand pressure.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a transfer having a carrier sheet .or hacking` 45, sheet, which during the application of the transfer' to the desired surface by means of steam,

heat and pressure may be removed from thejiilm transfer made in accordance with the invention invention to provide4 is readily adapted to reproduce inexpensively any desired gure or pattern vof matched paneling designs, without resorting tothe heretofore employed expensive photographic plate reproduction.

Other objects of the advantages ofthe invention will be apparent or will be pointed out in the following description forming a part of this specification.

The drawing illustrates by way of example a preferred embodiment of the transfer of the present'invention and its application.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a transfer of the present invention, with portions ofthe upper coatings 15.

removed to illustrate the underlying coats.

Fig. 2 is an .enlarged cross-sectional view of the transfer on the line 2-2 of the Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 illustrates the application of a transfer to the top surface of the table.

Referring to the drawing, l indicates the carrier sheet of the transfer and may consist of transparent rosin sized paper of suitable weight, depending mostly upon thev size of the transfer. A' 22 lb. paper has given good results. To this carrier sheet vI- is applied a coat '2 of a watersoluble adhesive, preferably a remoisten'ing retarded glue adhesive, either by the silk screen process or asroller coating machine. Such an adhesive may be composed of hide glue, plasticized with sulphonated castor oil andreduced with suitable solvents as alcohol, toluol and water. It is advisable notto cover the entire area of the sheet I, but to leave a small margin la free of adhesive on all sides of the sheet l as this will facilitate the handling of the sheet when still wet. v y

. After the water soluble coat 2 has dried, a coat 3 of clear ethyl cellulose solution is applied on the coat 2 bythe silk screen process. The solution consisting of ethyl cellulose dissolved in a suitable solvent as i. e. solvent naphtha and plasticized with castor oil, di-butyl phthalate or butyl lactate may be transparentlytinted with an orange anlllne dye, which relieves the flatness of the design and gives depth to the appearance ofthe transferredf design. 'Ihe coat 3 is permitted to dry and then a coat l carrying the desired detail design of 'the wood, pattern or the like is applied to the same by the screen process.r 50 'I'he coat 4 may consist of an ethyl cellulose so` lution the same as coat 3, butr pigmented with the desired color, or a color varnish, to `which a blending agent is added in dry form. The blending agent, which later is melted by the heat 55 applied when transferring the transfer to the desired surface, may consist of a gum having a low melting point, such as damar in powder form. If desired, the melting point ofv this gum may be lowered by adding stearic acid thereto.

In order to enhance the natural appearance of a Wood pattern, an intermediate coat or print may be applied to the coat 3 prior to coat 4. The intermediate coat or print produces the pores of the wood and should be dark in color and of non-bleeding character and represents the wood filler used in filling the pores before staining. Such an intermediate coat will bring out the wood grain pattern in finished wood.

If it is desired to increase the diffusion a small amount of aniline dye of similar shade, as oilsoluble brown, may be added to coat 4. The solvents in the succeeding coat 5 will cause these to bleed or spread into coat 5.

After the coat 4 has dried a coat 5 forming the contrasting colored opaque base coat of the pattern is applied. This base coat may consist of an ethyl cellulose solution applied by the silk screen process or a -spray gun, but it--may also consist of a paint.

Finally, a coat 5 is applied to the dried fifth coat. The coat 6 consists of thermo-plastic adhesive applied by the silk screen process or a spray gun. A coat of clear ethyl cellulose solution or ten pounds of a dry orange shellac dissolved in one gallon of alcohol forms a suitable thermo-plastic adhesive which may be used.

The transfer consisting of a carrier sheet or backing paper and a nlm' composed of plurality of ethyl cellulose material or paint coats is now ready to be applied to the desired surface.

While the above described method of producing and composition of the transfer constitutes the preferred embodiment of my invention, very favorable results are also obtainable at less expense by eliminating-the coat 3 o fclear ethyl cellulose material. It is also possible to substitute the base coat 5 and the coat 6 of the thermo-plastic adhesive by a single coat as the ethyl cellulose coat 5 is in itself thermh;.

If the transfer is to be applied to clothv be readily controlled by the amounts of blending agent and aniline dye respectively added to the substances forming the respective coats. A

Referring to Fig; 3, the 'transfer of the pattern or design formed by the coats 3, 4, 5 or 4, 5

and 6 respectively, is effected by placing the transfer with the thermo-plastic adhesive coat facing Adownwardly on the surface 3 to be decorated, which in the present instance is the top surface of a table 9. Before applying the transfer to the desired surface it is advisable and evenv necessary on all wood surfacesto provide the latter vwith a sealer coat, as clear lacquer or the like.

After having placed the transfer on the surface 8, the backing sheet. i, of course, will form the top layer.' In order to fix the transfer in position a moderately hot fiatiron lmay be applied a few seconds to one edge or a few spots of the backing sheet, to tack the transfer in position. Then a steaming iron I0 is passed over the entire area of the transfer for pressing the latter uniformly against the surface 8. As the steam from the iron penetrates the backing sheet l it softens and moistens the water-soluble adhesive coat 2, so that the sheet I can be peeled off from the transferred film carrying the pattern as soon as the iron has left the softened area of the coat 2. At the same time the heat of the iron melts the blending agent in the coat 4 and also vsoftens the thermo-plastic adhesive coat 6 and together with the pressure of the iron causes a strong permanent adhesion of the transfer filmto the surface 3. As the detail design coat 4 softens or melts its blends into the base coat 5 producing a soft diffusion of color and eliminates any sharp demarcation of contrasting colors. Distinct screen dots which usually are' a feature of thesilk screen process or printing Ifrom halftone plates, are

notrequiredito givecgifaduatin of color.

After the removal of the backing sheet l the excess remoistening adhesive still on the top face of the transferred film is Washed oi with a sponge and warm water. Then the transferred film is permitted to cool and dry, whereupon a coat of lacquer or finishing varnish" mayy be applied.

It is believed obvious that the application .of the transfer is not limited to plane surfaces, but that the transfer may also be applied to round columns, .to so called waterfall fronts on furni. ture and to any other curved or angular surfaces.

In place cf a steaming iron, a steaming roller may be used to advantage when large areas are Y to be covered bya transfer. c -"Thebacking sheet of the transfer may also serve'jafs'a; tective coat for the l.transfer iilm whenthe-sam asbeen appliedto the desired .surfae. a case the lbacking sheet is net @removed during the time the transfer is `pei'x`nanently attached to the ,desired surface by heat and pressure, but remains thereon until such time the transfer film is no longer subjected to possible injury, for instance after the piece of furniture has been completely assembled,

"whereupon an application ofsteam is used to 'the transferred iilin finished as already described.

If the transfers are to be applied'to a transparent plate or sheet, such as Celluloid, andare to be visionedvthroughthe transparent member, the order of the coats 3, 4 and 5 has to be reserved, in order to' make what is known as a face-upl transfer. In such an instance, the coat 2, a remoistening adhesive, is applied as formerly to the backing sheet I, and when dry the base coat 5 comes next, then coat l and finally coat 3 made of a clear ethyl cellulose solution, which is thermo-plastic. 'Coat t can be omitted. Lettering, if any,=,would be made in reverse, or reading from right to left, so'as to appear uprightand readable from leftto right when viewed through thev transparent plate or sheet.

What I claim is: c

l. .Asv a An'ewarticle of manufacture, a transfer comprising a transparent rosin sized `carrier paper coated on one side with a 'Water-soluble adterial on said coat of water soluble adhesive, a non-water soluble coat forming a colored design on said coat of .ethyl cellulose material, a nonwater soluble coat forming the base for said colored design on the coat forming the latter, and a thermo-plastic adhesive coat on the coat forming the base color of the design.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a transfer comprising a transparent rosin sized carrier paper coating on one side with a water-soluble adhesive, a coat of transparent ethyl cellulose material on said coat of water-soluble adhesive, a nonwater soluble coat forming a colored design on said coat of ethyl cellulose material, and containing a blending agent in solid form, a vnon-water soluble coat forming the base for said colored design on the coat forming the latter, and a thermo-plastic adhesive coat on the coat forming the base color of the design.

3. A new article of manufacture, a transfer comprising a rosin sized carrier paper coated on one side with a water soluble adhesive consisting of hide glue, a transparent non-water soluble coat on said coat of water soluble adhesive, a non-water soluble coat forming a colored design on said transparent non-water soluble coat, a non-water soluble coat forming a colored base for said colored design on the coat forming the latter, and a thermo-plastic adhesive coat on the coat forming the base color of said design.

4. A new article of manufacture, a transfer comprising a rosin sized carrier paper coated on one side with a water soluble adhesive, a transparent non-water soluble coat on said coat of fwater soluble adhesive, a coat of coloredethyl cellulose material forming a design on said transparent non-water soluble coat, a non-water soluble coat forming a colored base for said colored. design on the coat forming the latter, and a thermo-plastic adhesive coat on the coat forming the base color of said design.

5'. As a new article of manufacture, a transfer comprising a rosin sized carrier paper coated on one side with a water soluble adhesive consisting of hide glue, a transparent non-water soluble coat on said coat of water soluble adhesive, a coat of paint forming a colored design on said transparent non-Water soluble coat, a non-water soluble coat forming a colored base for said colored design on the coat forming the latter, `and a thermo-plastic adhesive coat on the coat forming the basecolor of said design.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a transfer comprising a transparent rosin sized carrier paper coated on one side with a. water-soluble adhesive, a coat of transparent ethyl cellulose material on said coat of water-soluble adhesive, said transparent ethyl cellulose coat: being tinted with an aniline dye, a non-water soluble coat forming a colored design on said coat of ethyl cellulose material, a non-water soluble coat forming the `base for said colored design on the coat forming the latter, and a thermo-plastic adhesive coat on the coat forming the base color of the design.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a transfer comprising a transparent rosin sized carrier paper coated on one side with a water-soluble adhesive, a coat of transparent ethyl cellulose material on said coat oi' water-soluble adhesive, said transparent ethyl cellulose coat being tinted with an aniline dye, a non-water soluble coat forming a colored design on said coat of ethyl cellulose material, and containinga blending agent in solid form, a non-water soluble coat forming the base for said colored design on the coat forming the latter, and a thermo-plastic adhesive coat on the coat forming the base color of the design.

BENJAMIN F. BROWN.

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