US2285122A - Medium for producing images - Google Patents

Medium for producing images Download PDF

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Publication number
US2285122A
US2285122A US265465A US26546539A US2285122A US 2285122 A US2285122 A US 2285122A US 265465 A US265465 A US 265465A US 26546539 A US26546539 A US 26546539A US 2285122 A US2285122 A US 2285122A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
coating
medium
film
substance
actinic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US265465A
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English (en)
Inventor
Maurice D Mcintosh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOUIS S SANDERS
Original Assignee
LOUIS S SANDERS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LOUIS S SANDERS filed Critical LOUIS S SANDERS
Priority to US265465A priority Critical patent/US2285122A/en
Priority to FR858873D priority patent/FR858873A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2285122A publication Critical patent/US2285122A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F5/00—Screening processes; Screens therefor
    • G03F5/14—Screening processes; Screens therefor by contact methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F5/00—Screening processes; Screens therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component

Definitions

  • Figure 1 is a partial perspective View showing one embodiment of my invention.
  • Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the medium shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a partial plan view of the medium of Figure 1 showing the application of the developer thereto.
  • Figure 4 is a partial perspective view show ing a modification of my invention.
  • Figure 5 is a partial plan view showing the application of the developer to the medium of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a partial perspective view of another form of my invention.
  • Figure 7 is a partial perspective view of the medium suitable for use as a photographic negative.
  • Figure 8 is a horizontal section of the photographic negative of Figure 7.
  • a medium having abase to of white paper stock preferably hard sized white drawing board or paper.
  • a thin film ll of gelatin, albumen, casein, glue or the like which serves as a vehicle for a sensitive" or chemically developable substance.
  • the film may carry the sensitive" substance in colloidal suspension or it may be coated therewith. Whatever procedure is employed the film is said to be sensitized.
  • the film ll carries a chemically developable 'substance which is black or some other non-actinic color such as red, brown, orange, or yellow.
  • a soluble sulfide such as ammonium sulphide
  • a solution of a soluble lead compound such as lead acetate.
  • Precipitation of black lead sulphide in colloidal suspension in the gelatin solution follows and this black gelatin solution with its colloidal suspension of lead sulphide is used to coat the base I0.
  • sandarac, galbanum, olibanum, mastic, copal and damar are satisfactory substances for film l2.
  • -A mixture of gum benzoin and ammoniac as a spirit extract is very effective and may be prepared by adding 5 grams of gum benzoin and 5 grams of gum ammoniac to 400 milliliters of ethylene glycol monoethylether. The sensitized gelatin film is coated with the filtrate from this mixture on a whirler or roller coating machine.
  • My medium is thus prepared for the application of a coating l3 of a transparent or translucent varnish which is insoluble in and impenetrable by the developer referred to above.
  • the coating I3 is printed upon the film l2 for which it has a greater afiinity than for a glutinous substance, and has a multiplicity of small spaced openings l4 through which the film I2 is exposed. These openings are shown greatly enlarged in the drawing.
  • a surface coating comprising by weight parts of 20% gum mastic in ethyl alcohol, 100 parts of 20% gum dammar in ethyl alcohol and parts of water is satisfactory and may be applied by a whirler type coating machine.
  • This coating dries dull, translucent and minutely porous, presents the proper tooth" for a satisfactory drawing surface and is penetrable by but insoluble in the developers for the sensitized gelatin coating. Nearly all of the spirit soluble natural and synthetic resins and gums may be used for this purpose.
  • Water soluble gums in combination with spirit soluble gums and resins may also be used.
  • a solution containing by weight 50 parts of 20% cherry gum in water and 50 parts of 20% gum galbanum in ethyl alcohol is satisfactory and is prepared by heating the water solution of cherry gum to boiling, slowly adding the alcohol solution of gumlgalbanum and stirring vigorously. This coating also dries dull and porous so as to be penetrable by the developer.
  • Water soluble substances such as gum arabic, gum tragacanth, soluble starch, dextrin, etc., may be substituted for the cherry gum and the water insoluble resins and gums mentioned above may be used in place of gum galbanum.
  • the surface coating which I prefer, however, is a solution of 25% egg or blood albumen in water which may be applied in any of the well known ways. After this coating has dried the medium is immersed for about one minute in a solution of 3% sorbitol in water at a temperature of approximately 190 F. Sorbitol is hexahydric alcohol represented by the symbol CGHB(OH) s. The medium is then dried. The coating is dull, transparent or translucent and penetrable by and insoluble in the developer.
  • the black lead sulphide in the portions of the gelatin film accessible through the openings [4 in the varnish resist film I3 is immediately oxidized to white lead sulfate, thus producing a. plurality of white dots, lines or areas against a black background.
  • solid white areas or areas consisting of formations of white and black may be produced. The entire gamut of tone values may thus be obtained.
  • Development of any particular unit or area may be terminated by blotting up the developer. If permitted to remain the developer diffuses through the gelatin film expanding the area bleached.
  • Dilute hydrochloric acid may be used in place of hydrogen peroxide in which event white lead chloride will be formed.
  • the medium with any desired image developed thereon in the manner described, is immediately available as camera copy for the direct production of line photo-engravings.
  • Manganese dioxide, iodine, precipitated black silver and cupric oxide as well asother substances may be substituted for the lead sulphide.
  • the manganese dioxide, which is black may be bleached by stannous chloride, sulfurous acid or titanium trichloride. This bleaching action oocurs through reduction..
  • Iodine, which is brown may be bleached through reduction by soluble thiosulphates, soluble sulfites and stannous chloride.
  • Black precipitated silver may be bleached through oxidation by mercuric chloride.
  • hydrochloric acid or ammonium chloride may be used as the developer. Bleaching in this instance occurs through dissolving,
  • the purpose of my invention is also secured by a medium of somewhat different composition.
  • the base l0 of this medium is a sheet of paper having a black or other non-a'ctinic colored surface. Any of the non-actinic colored papers of commerce made with water insoluble coloring material'is suitable for this purpose, but a paper sheet of about two-ply weight and of high rag content is preferred. If desired, any good white paper the surface of which is colored by black waterproof India ink may be used as the base.
  • This material is capable of being rendered transparent or translucent by chemical development so that the underlying colored surface of the base becomes photographically visible.
  • White calcium carbonate is an example of such a material.
  • a calcium carbonate colloid in a gelatin solution is obtained by dissolving a soluble carbonate such as sodium carbonate in a gelatin solution, which may be prepared in the manner hereinabove described.
  • a solution of some calcium compound, e. g., calcium chloride is then added causing a precipitation of colloidal calcium carbonate in the gelatin solution which serves as the sensitized film II.
  • a sufiicient quantity of the film is applied so that. a white surface is obtained.
  • a transparent water insoluble sheet l8 such as a sheet of cellulose acetate
  • a transparent sheet l8 into the composition of said medium, placing it between the base sheet l and the gelatin-calcium carbonate film H.
  • transparent sheets are commercially available which can be'substituted for the cellulose acetate sheet.
  • sidered medium, the transparent sheet l8, preferably about 0.005" in thickness, is mounted upon the base ill by means of a transparent stripping adhesive which, when dry, permits the transparent sheet to be stripped from the base sheet.
  • the remaining elements of the medium namely, the sensitized gelatin coating, gum film, printed varnish resist and surface coating are applied in that order upon the transparent sheet.
  • the photographic negative may be obtained without the employment of the colored base sheet l0.
  • the cellulose acetate sheet I8 is utilized as the base sheet upon which are disposed in the order named the gelatin-calcium film II, the gum or resinous coating [2, the varnishresist print I3 having the multiplicity of openings [4 andthe surface coating l5.
  • an actinic or a non-actinic colored chemically developable substance may be used with equal facility in the second mentioned photographic negative medium.
  • 'black cupric oxide may constitute the chemically developable substance carried by the gelatin and transparent units obtained by development with dilute hydrochlcric acid or a solution of ammonium chloride.
  • Iodine which is brown, may serve as the chemically developable substance and its development obtained by the applicationof soluble sulphites or soluble thiosulphates. Absolute opacity is not secured with iodine nor is it necessary. Photographic opacity is sufficient.
  • the gum or resinous film and/or the surface coating may be omitted in the production of media which will embody my invention.
  • a medium for I the preparation of images suitable for usev as In production of the concamera copy comprising a base sheet having a surface of non-actinic color, a chemically developable substance, a thin film of material which allows passage of light, a coating of material which allows passage of light'and has a greater affinity for said film than for said-chemically developable substance, said coating having a multiplicity of spaced openings through which which allows passage of light, said film permitting access of developers for said chemically developable substance, said first mentioned coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by said developers.
  • a medium for the preparation of images suitable for use as camera copy comprising a base sheet having a surface of non-actinic color, a chemically developable substance and a coating of material which allows passage of light, said coating having a multiplicity of spaced openings through which said chemically developable substance is accessible, said coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by the developers for said chemically developable substance.
  • a medium for the preparation of images suitable for use as camera copy comprising a base sheet, a gelatinous surface carrying a non-actinic colored chemically developable substance, a thin film of material which allows passage of light, a coating of material which allows passage of light and has a greater afiinity for said fihn than for said gelatinous surface, said coating having a multiplicity of spaced openings through which said chemically developable substance is accessible and a surface coating of dull material which allows passage of light, said film permitting access of developers for said chemically developable substance, said first mentioned coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by said developers and said surface coating being insoluble in and penetrable by said developers.
  • a'medium for the preparation of images suitable for use as camera copy comprising a base sheet, a gelatinous surface carrying a non-actinic colored chemically developable substance and a coating of material which allows passage of light, said coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by the developers for said chemically developable substance, said coating having a plurality of spaced openings through which said chemically developable substance is accessible.
  • a medium for the preparation of images suitable for use as camera copy comprising a base sheet, a gelatinous surface carrying black lead sulphide and a coating of material which allows passage of light, said coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by the developers for said lead sulphide, said coating having a plurality of spaced I openings through which said lead sulphide is accessible.
  • a medium for the preparation of images suitable for use as camera copy comprising a base sheet having a surface of non-actinic colgr, said base sheet bearing an actinic colored chemically developable substance, said substance being photographically opaque, a thin film of material which permits access of developers for said substance, a coating of material which allows passage of light, said coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by said developers, said chemically developable substance being accessible through a multiplicity of openings in said coating and a surface coating of dull material which allows passage of light, said surface coating being insoluble in and penetrable by said developers.
  • a medium for the preparation of images suitable for use as camera copy comprising a base sheet having a surface of non-actinic color, said base sheet bearing an actinic colored chemically developable substance, said substance being photographically opaque and a coating of material which allows passage of light, said coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by the developers for said substance, said chemically developable substance being accessible through a multiplicity of openings in said coating.
  • a medium for camera copy comprising a base sheet having a surface of non-actinic color, said base sheet hearing a white insoluble photographically opaque carbonate, and a coating of material which al-- lows passage of light, said coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by the developers for said carbonate, said coating having a multiplicity of openings through which said carbonate is accessible.
  • a medium for the preparation of images suitable for use as camera copy comprising a base sheet having a surface of non-actinic color, said base sheet bearing a white insoluble photographically opaque hydroxide, and a coating of material which allows passage of light, said coating being insoluble in and impenetrable by the developers for said hydroxide said coating having a multiplicity of openings through which said hydroxide is accessible.
  • a medium for the preparationof images suitable for use as camera copy comprising a base sheet having a surface of non-actinic color, said base sheet bearing a sheet of material which allows passage of light removably secured upon said base sheet, an actinic colored photographically opaque chemically developable substance, and a coating of.
  • a medium comprising a sheet of material which allows passage of light, a coating of photographically opaque chemically developable substance, and a covering of material which allows passage of light and is insoluble in and impenetrable by the devolpers for said substance, said covering having a plurality of spaced openings.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US265465A 1939-04-01 1939-04-01 Medium for producing images Expired - Lifetime US2285122A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US265465A US2285122A (en) 1939-04-01 1939-04-01 Medium for producing images
FR858873D FR858873A (fr) 1939-04-01 1939-08-08 Dessin et procédé et produit pour son exécution

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US265465A US2285122A (en) 1939-04-01 1939-04-01 Medium for producing images
FR858873T 1939-08-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2285122A true US2285122A (en) 1942-06-02

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US265465A Expired - Lifetime US2285122A (en) 1939-04-01 1939-04-01 Medium for producing images

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US (1) US2285122A (fr)
FR (1) FR858873A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3328499A (en) * 1963-01-14 1967-06-27 Barnette Stanley Ronald Method of making plastic decorative sheet articles
US3328500A (en) * 1963-01-14 1967-06-27 Barnette Stanley Ronald Method of making self-reinforced plastic articles
US9573403B1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2017-02-21 Nucoat, Inc. Mess free coloring system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3328499A (en) * 1963-01-14 1967-06-27 Barnette Stanley Ronald Method of making plastic decorative sheet articles
US3328500A (en) * 1963-01-14 1967-06-27 Barnette Stanley Ronald Method of making self-reinforced plastic articles
US9573403B1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2017-02-21 Nucoat, Inc. Mess free coloring system
US10179864B2 (en) 2009-05-18 2019-01-15 Nucoat, Inc. Mess free coloring system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR858873A (fr) 1940-12-05

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