US2301013A - Making photographic silhouette records - Google Patents

Making photographic silhouette records Download PDF

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Publication number
US2301013A
US2301013A US314059A US31405940A US2301013A US 2301013 A US2301013 A US 2301013A US 314059 A US314059 A US 314059A US 31405940 A US31405940 A US 31405940A US 2301013 A US2301013 A US 2301013A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
record
foreground
light
density
exposure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US314059A
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English (en)
Inventor
Brown Stewart De Motte
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Technicolor Motion Picture Corp
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Technicolor Motion Picture Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Technicolor Motion Picture Corp filed Critical Technicolor Motion Picture Corp
Priority to US314059A priority Critical patent/US2301013A/en
Priority to GB15642/40A priority patent/GB547216A/en
Priority to FR885017D priority patent/FR885017A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2301013A publication Critical patent/US2301013A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
    • G03C7/22—Subtractive cinematographic processes; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
    • G03C7/25—Dye-imbibition processes; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/08—Trick photography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B11/00—Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor

Definitions

  • Photographic processes may present problem which make it desirable to exaggerate differences in vdensities of photographic records; for example, so-called traveling mattes used for producing certain types of composite motion picture film (as for example described in copending application Serial No. 285,067, filed July 18, 1939, of Leslie W. Oliver) require the differentiation of a record field into a high density and low density area, without detail in these areas. Similar problems may arise invthe production of silhouette effects for pictorial purposes, or of sound tracks tions l and h, respectively. According to well-ii. ⁇ known processes, the emulsion portions contain' ⁇ ing ⁇ exposed silver halide can be hardened, the
  • the areas corresponding to original exposure values above a ⁇ certain intermediate value should be substanposure values above and below, respectively, an
  • the invention provides a method of making silhouette traveling mattes for purposes of producing special process motion picture film.
  • Fig. l is a log exposure-density diagram characterizing one feature of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of a photographic process incorporating the invention.
  • Patent No. 1,677,665 of July 17, 1928 to Eastman A.
  • Weaver relief records having a toe can be obtained by pre-exposing or flashing a silver emulsion through its support with light which it absorbs.
  • Patent No. 1,804,727 of May l2, 1931 likewise to Eastman A.
  • Weaver teaches a method of obtaining gelatine reliefs whose varying thicknesses represent a char' acteristic curvehaving an upwardly concave configuration. This method involves dyeing the film and printing it with two light ranges differently absorbed by the emulsion so that the light of the one range penetrates deeper than An improvement of this method is described in Patent No. 2,044,864, of June 23, 1936, to Leonard T. Troland.
  • a relief having a toe and an upwardly concave intermediate-towardshigh density region, a ⁇ s shown at C of Fig. l can be obtained.
  • Dye transfer (imlcilfition) ⁇ prints made with such matrices have a characteristic fairly ⁇ similar to that of a silver record according to A of Fig. l. It should be especially noted that the characteristic C corresponds to the varying gelatine thickness of a relief. and the transmission of a dyed relief, or asilver record exposed through such a dyed relief. whereas the actually desired characteristic of the dve transfer record conforms to A of Fig. 1. the differences being due to the above-mentioned peculiarities of the dye transfer process.
  • Fb and Fg are blue and green recording negatives, respectively, of a foreground object with backing, of the nature described in the above copending application, Serial No. 285,067.
  • the foreground may be a magic carpet fiying with a person thereon in front of a fanciful background.
  • a background object field is illuminated with white light containing the blue, green and red spectral ranges.
  • the foreground for example a magic carpet set, is likewise illuminated with white light, and has a uniform backing showing as little detail as possible.
  • This backing may be painted yellow, with a pigment reflecting substantially only the green and red spectral ranges, and in that case would be illuminated with green and red light.
  • Both background and foreground with backing are separately photographed with a color separation camera or on integral pack film, according to well-known methods.
  • the background field may be illuminated as customary for pictures of this type, but the foreground scene with backing, which are recorded on Fb and Fg, should be illuminated in such a manner that the green reflection from the backing (colored and illuminated with minus blue light as mentioned above) is at no point of less intensity and preferably at al1 points of higher intensity than the green refiection from any point of the foreground.
  • the backing area of negative Fb will be essentially clear, since this blue recording film has not received any light from the minus blue backing.
  • the corresponding areas of green recording film Fg will be rather dense, having been exposed to the green and red spectral ranges reected from the backing.
  • the foreground proper will be recorded as usual on color separation negatives of this type but, because of the above-mentioned precaution, the foreground area of negative Fg will nowhere have a density higher than the density f its backing area.
  • the photographic conbe as high as possible, in order to magnify small exposure differences between these areas, s0 that; in the present embodiment, the minus blue backing will be rendered transparent in the matte, and the foreground area uniformly opaque.
  • a record of this type is provided by printing negative Fg and positive Pb on a film sensitized to blue, blue-green, green and yellow light with a conventional sensitizing dye as for example erythrosine, and dyed, per 100 g. gelatine, with Tartrazine 10 g.. Rose bengal 0.75 g., and acid magenta 0.125 g.
  • a conventional sensitizing dye as for example erythrosine
  • An emulsion of this type is sensitive to a light range from blue to yellow, inclusive, strongly absorbs the blue range, absorbs the green range, and to a slighter degree absorbs the yellow range.- Therefore, its exposure with light including the blue to yellow ranges will have the above-described effect of differential penetration, which is also indicated at 2 of Fig. 2 where lines L, I and H indicate the depth of penetration of the blue, green and yellow light ranges, respectively, the envelope of these lines representing the exposure. It should be noted that the curve is actually even' fiatter in the low density region than possible to show in a schematical straight line diagram and that the subsequent etching step will remove the gela- Vtine in this region if the above-explained ashing technique is omitted.
  • This relief is then dyed for example with yellow dye as Brilliant Paper Yellow Concentrated (Schultz, 7th ed. #724): If desired, the density of the residual silver ferro cyanide record may be increased by redeveloping it, in well-known manner, to form a silver or silver sulphide record.
  • the resulting record will be essentially y clear or fully transparent for actinic light in trastof background and foreground areas' should 75 the low exposure area, and in the high exposure region substantially opaque for light affecting the usual positive emulsions. Prints made on silver emulsions from such dyed reliefs will therefore likewise have a characteristic curve, as indicated at D of Fig. 1.
  • the film MB produced in this manner will therefore constitute a true and effective mask with any detail of the foreground field as well as of the backing being eliminated, the area of the former being for printing purposes opaque gelatine, and that of the latter substantially clear Celluloid from which the gelatine is etched oif,
  • Matte MB may then be copied on a further film, if desired according tothe above-described procedure; a second or foreground matte with opaque backing and clear foreground areas, respectively, being obtained in this manner.
  • thel foreground matte which screens the previously exposed background area but permits exposure of the foreground area recorded on the foreground negatives.
  • the three matrix films are then developed and converted into gelatine reliefs, from which the final positive is printed according to the well-known imbibition process, this positive constituting a combined lrecord, in natural colors, of separately photographed background and foreground object fields.
  • Method of producing photographic silhouette records which comprises taking a record having a density range including high light as well as shade values, copying said record on lan emulsion whose density range includes high light as well as shade values and 'corresponds to an exposure range constituting a comparatively short intermediate section ofthe exposure range of said record, developing said emulsion and ette records which comprises taking a record forming a dye record from the gelatine portions plete density range correspondstoa comparatively short exposure range including said intermediate exposure'value, developing said emulsion, and forming therein a dye record from the gelatine which received an exposure within and above said short exposure range.
  • Method of producing photographic silhouette records which comprises taking a record, copying said record on. a substantially unpreexposed emulsion sensitive for two spectral ranges and absorbing less light of one of said ranges than cf the other range, with light containing both ranges, developing and hardening the exposed gelatine portions of said emulsion, removing the non-exposed gelatine portions thereof thereby providing a relief record, coloring said relief reccrd with strongly light absorbing dye, and copying said relief record with light absorbed by said dye.
  • Method of producing photographic silhouette records which comprises taking a record, copying said record on a substantially unpreexposed emulsicn sensitive for two spectral ranges and absorbing less light of one of said ranges than of the other range, with light containing vboth ranges, developing and hardening the exhouette which comprises sensitizing ⁇ a photo-1 ⁇ graphic ⁇ film for two spectral rangesfdyeing it to absorb one of said ranges stronger than the other, copying on said film a record having high density areas and low density areas with light of saidtwo ranges of such intensity that the high density areas of said record are only slightly reproduced on said film due to high absorption in the filml of one of said ranges and the low density areas of said record are strongly reproduced due to high transmission in the film of the other range, developing said film, substantially removing from the film the gelatine over the areas corresponding to said high densities, and rendering the remaining gelatine substantially, opaque.
  • Method of producing a photographic silhouette which .comprises sensitizing a photographic film 4for two spectral ranges, dyeing it to absorbone of said ranges stronger than the 4 f sity areas of said record are strongly reproduced having a density range substantially divided into v two record area groups whose densities are on Y either side respectively of a density value corresponding to an intermediate exposureV value, i

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
US314059A 1940-01-16 1940-01-16 Making photographic silhouette records Expired - Lifetime US2301013A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US314059A US2301013A (en) 1940-01-16 1940-01-16 Making photographic silhouette records
GB15642/40A GB547216A (en) 1940-01-16 1940-10-24 Improvements in making photographic silhouette records
FR885017D FR885017A (fr) 1940-01-16 1940-10-30 Procédé d'enregistrement photographique en silhouette

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US314059A US2301013A (en) 1940-01-16 1940-01-16 Making photographic silhouette records

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2301013A true US2301013A (en) 1942-11-03

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Family Applications (1)

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US314059A Expired - Lifetime US2301013A (en) 1940-01-16 1940-01-16 Making photographic silhouette records

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US2301013A (fr)
FR (1) FR885017A (fr)
GB (1) GB547216A (fr)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB547216A (en) 1942-08-19
FR885017A (fr) 1943-09-02

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