US2304883A - Prevention of knock in internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Prevention of knock in internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2304883A
US2304883A US97525A US9752536A US2304883A US 2304883 A US2304883 A US 2304883A US 97525 A US97525 A US 97525A US 9752536 A US9752536 A US 9752536A US 2304883 A US2304883 A US 2304883A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lead
fuel
mixture
engine
knock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US97525A
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English (en)
Inventor
John M Campbell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
Original Assignee
General Motors Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Motors Corp filed Critical General Motors Corp
Priority to US97525A priority Critical patent/US2304883A/en
Priority to GB22574/37A priority patent/GB499974A/en
Priority to FR826593D priority patent/FR826593A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2304883A publication Critical patent/US2304883A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/305—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond)
    • C10L1/306—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond) organo Pb compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuelmixtures and their l use in internal combustion engines, more particularly engines of the #high-compression type, i. e., those in which the usual commercial pe-v troleum hydrocarbon fuels, without admixture of special antiknock agents, will produce fuel knock.
  • 'I'he object of the invention iis to overcomesome disadvantages that have been found in y'the use kof tetraethyl lead'as an antiknock agent and in general to improve the operation of multicylinder engines using low-compression fuels, i. e'., fuels that require additions of antiknock agents.k
  • the fuel under investigation a gasoline containing considerable amounts of highly volatiler hydrocarbons and having a relatively wide range l of volatility, was tested with four different antiknock agents as specied.
  • the curve D (dot and dash line) represents the effect of tetraethyl lead
  • the curve E (light full line) the effect of tetra-f methyl lead
  • the curve F (heavy lfull line) the effect of the mixture of. tetramethyl and tetraethyl ylead
  • the curve Gy broken line
  • the tetraethyl lead is the least effective of the ,four antiknock agents at engine speeds up to about twentyrniles A per hour of car speed (about 1,000 R. P. M. of engine speed), tetramethyl lead isk much more effective at speeds up to twenty miles per hour but increasinglyless effective at higher speeds,
  • butmay-be'fi o generally found t in s multicylinder ⁇ Y engines.' at engine speeds of o-to 1500 R.P.'M. under'open throttle operation or during accelerationfjjl'hejf: -duration of the periodfof imperfectv distribution and deposition-of the antiknockmaterialon'the.1 l
  • an antiknock agent comprising a. mixture of lead alkyls having tetramethyl lead as a constituent would be advantageous since it would enable theleaner cylinders which tend to knock to receive a mixture rich in antiknock agent.
  • a fuel for high-compression multicylinder internal combustion engines comprising a. mixture of hydrocarbons of such varying volatility as to cause material variation in the knocking ⁇ tendency in different cylinders andra relatively small amount of dimethyl diethyl lead.
  • a fuel for high-compression multicylinder internal combustion engines comprising a mixture .of hydrocarbons of such varying volatility as to cause material variation in the knocking tendency in different cylinders and a small quantity of dimethyl diethyl lead sufficient to substantially correct the variation in knocking tend- ⁇ ency.
  • Method of preventing fuel knock in a multicylinder internal combustion engine comprising supplying thereto a gasoline whose volatility is such as to result in some cylinders receiving an air-fuel mixture tending to knock and other cylinders an airfuel mixture having ⁇ less 'tendency to knock and supplying with such gasoline a relatively small quantity of dimethyl diethyl lead sufficient to substantially correct thedifl'erenc in tendencies to knock.
  • Liquid fuel for internal combustion enginesv of the Otto cycle multicylinder type comprising a mixture of khydrocarbons of such varying volatility and forming such varying air-fuel ratios as to cause material variation in the knocking tendency of the several cylinders in operation and containing a small quantity of a mixture comprising tetraethyl lead and amore volatile lead alkyl than tetra ethyl lead suflicient'to substantially correct the variation in separate cylinder knocking tendency.
  • Liquid fuel for internal combustion engines of the Otto cycle multicylinder type comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons of such varying vola.
  • a fuel forf high-compression multicylinder internal combustion engines comprising a mixture vof hydrocarbons of such varying volatility as to cause material variation lin the knocking tendency in different cylinders and a relatively small amount of at least one of the following lead alkyls; trlethyl ⁇ methyl lead, diethyl dimethyl lead, and ethyl trimethyl lead.
  • the method of operating a multicylinder internal combustion engine during acceleration from low -speeds including supplying to said en# gine a mixture ofair and fuel, the conditions being such that a material portion of the fuel is in liquid form and is -unequally distributed -to they cylinders, and supplying with the fuel mixture a relatively small amount of a mixture of tetraethyl lead and amore volatile lead alkyl than tetraethyl lead.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
US97525A 1936-08-24 1936-08-24 Prevention of knock in internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US2304883A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97525A US2304883A (en) 1936-08-24 1936-08-24 Prevention of knock in internal combustion engines
GB22574/37A GB499974A (en) 1936-08-24 1937-08-17 Improvements relating to fuel for internal combustion engines
FR826593D FR826593A (fr) 1936-08-24 1937-08-23 Perfectionnements aux carburants pour moteurs à combustion interne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97525A US2304883A (en) 1936-08-24 1936-08-24 Prevention of knock in internal combustion engines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2304883A true US2304883A (en) 1942-12-15

Family

ID=22263822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US97525A Expired - Lifetime US2304883A (en) 1936-08-24 1936-08-24 Prevention of knock in internal combustion engines

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2304883A (fr)
FR (1) FR826593A (fr)
GB (1) GB499974A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3195992A (en) * 1959-03-27 1965-07-20 California Research Corp Gasoline composition containing lead compounds
US3197414A (en) * 1961-06-26 1965-07-27 Ethyl Corp Tetraethyllead-tetramethyllead antiknock fluids

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4819516A (en) * 1988-01-07 1989-04-11 Diamant Boart-Stratabit (Usa) Inc. Method of forming a cutting element having a V-shaped diamond cutting face

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3195992A (en) * 1959-03-27 1965-07-20 California Research Corp Gasoline composition containing lead compounds
US3197414A (en) * 1961-06-26 1965-07-27 Ethyl Corp Tetraethyllead-tetramethyllead antiknock fluids

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR826593A (fr) 1938-04-04
GB499974A (en) 1939-02-01

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