Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
  • C11D3/3953—Inorganic bleaching agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0031—Carpet, upholstery, fur or leather cleansers

Definitions

• Thi invention relates to improved detergent compositions, and more particularly to substantially dry stable salt mixtures having improved characteristics which are useful as detergents.
• the invention also includes the aqueous solutions formed by dissolving the compositions of the invention in water.
• compositions of the present invention are salt mixtures containing a solid calcium hypochlorite of high purity, sodium carbonate, and a synthetic organic detergent salt hereinafter more fully described.
• An acid salt such as, for example, sodium bicarbonate may advantageously be incorporated in this mixture if it is desired to reduce the alkalinity when a large proportion of sodium carbonate is present in the mixture.
• the product of my invention provides a dry stable detergent mixture readily soluble in water which is of special value in cleaning operations, for example, in rug cleaning where strong detergent and wetting action is required while at the same time any chemical action with the material being cleaned must be avoided.
• the mixture of the present invention also possesses valuable disinfecting and germicidal properties.
• the dry stable mixture of e present invention possesses important advantages over such a mixture, particularly in operations where soap would normally be employed either preceding or following the use of such a hypochlorite-soda ash mixture.
• operations such as rug cleaning wherein the present salt mixtures possess important advantages such as increased wetting power as well as high detergency.
• the use and advantage upwards of 60%.
• the free lime content is preferably maintained at a low value.
• the calcium hypochlorite referred to herein as useful in my product is not to be confused with the conventional bleaching powder or chlorinated lime from which it differs materially, both as to chemical constitution and in its exceptionally high content of available chlorine.
• storage of hypochlorite compositions containing of calcium hypochlorite products suitable for use in the composition of the present invention may be mentioned the products whose preparation is described in United States Patents Nos. 1,481,039, 1,481,040, 1,713,650, 1,713,654, 1,713,668 and 1,713,669.
• the term calcium hypochlorite as used herein refers to a product having the properties just described.
• the high stability which such a hypochlorite product possesses is particu larly advantageous in the mixed product of the present invention since it permits storage for considerable periods of time without decomposition. Its stability is due in part to its low content of calcium chloride, which at most should not exceed about 10% of the hypochlorite product and preferably should not exceed 2%3%. When this salt which is very hygroscopic is present in substantial amount, it not only makes the product diflicult to keep dry, but it also decreases the stability of the product due to the hydrolysis occasioned by the absorbed water.
• the materials above referred to broadly as synthetic organic detergent salts may include a wide variety of organic compounds having strong detergent and wetting action.
• the organic or non-polar groups of these detergent compounds include a wide variety of organic groups. In addition to carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, these groups may contain sulfur or nitrogen, or other elements commonly associated with them in organic compounds. Such groups include saturated, or unsaturated hydrocarbons, ethers, thioethers, primary and secondary alcohols, thioalcohols, ketones, thioketones, and esters. These groups may furthermore contain aromatic or heterocyclic ring structures.
• the polar groups contained in the detergents used in my invention are more limited in number. They are in most cases r 1 f sulfur or phosphorous; the sulfur containing acid groups occurring usually as sulfate or sulfonate.
• the cations which form the salts with the acid groups in these compounds include the alkali metals, the alkaline earth metals and the am-" monium inn. 'T, e ammonium ion may also constitute the salt forming ion as, for example, in
• salts of sulfated higher alcohols are generally useful as detergents in the herein described mixtures.
• An example of another class of satisfactory detergent compounds are the salts of sulfonated long chain compounds. These are distinguished from the referred to sulfates by the fact that the sulfonic group is attached directly to a hydrocarbon group, whereas the alcohol sulfates are in reality sulfuric acid esters of the alcohols.
• synthetic organic detergent salts useful in the composition of my invention are as ogiumlamidsulfate, sodium laur l W W 5 51mm ethylene methyl la uramide sulfonate, and p l l amm nium chl de.
• a calcium hypochlorite having the above-described stable properties may be mixed with Web and a synthetic organic detergent salt 0 e class described above to produce a dry mixture having high stability and improved properties.
• a stable hypochlorite composition is thus provided which does not lose its available chlorine on standing, and in which the stability of the organic detergent component is not impaired. It will be apparent that the organic detergent salt and the other components of the mixture should be substantially dry before being intimately admixed with the calcium hypochlorite by any means suitable for comminuting and admixing solid chemical substances.
• the relative proportions in which the various components are present in the salt mixtures of the present invention may vary over wide limits. In practical operation the desirable content of the mixture is predetermined and the mixture dissolved in water in an amount predetermined to be necessary to effect the desired degree of detergency and other valuable functions.
• the mixture is dissolved in water in a suitable container the calcium of the hypochlorite is precipitated as insoluble calcium carbonate.
• the clear solution may then be decanted and supplied to the cleaning operation. Since an amount of carbonate equivalent to the calcium ion present is removed from the solution, the amount of soda ash present in the original mixture should be in excess of an amount equivalent to the calcium hypochlorite present. In this way an excess of soda ash will remain in the solution imparting thereto valuable detergent qualities.
• the dry salt mixture used had the following approximate composition: 16% calcium hypochlorite; 26% sodium carbonate; 26% sodium bicarbonate; and 30% of a mixture consisting es- Eentially of sod ium laur yl sulfate with small proportions of sodium'myristyfsulfate and sodium palmityl sulfate. 2 lbs. of the dry salt mixture were dissolved in 50 gallons of water at approximately 72 F. The solution was thoroughly stirred and the precipitated calcium carbonate allowed to settle.
• the clear solution was fed by gravity into the center of a mechanical rotary brush with which the rug which was spread on the door was scrubbed.
• the rug is usually cleaned on both sides in the same manner; in most cases the back of the rug being cleaned first.
• the greasy and wax-like materials at the base of the pile are hydrolyzed thus freeing the dirt particles so that they are readilyemulsifled and brought to the surface when subjected to the subsequent cleaning on the right side.
• the cleaning of a 9 x 12 rug should take approximately 3 minutes on each side by such a procedure.
• An alternative procedure to the just described "floor method of operation involves the .use of an automatic feeder machine.
• the rug to be cleaned was fed into a device having arranged therein flat brushes which vibrated alternately in a direction parallel to the direction of travel of the rug.
• An aqueous solution containing from 1 lbs. to 2 lbs. of the detergent salt mixture of the present invention per 50 gallons of water at a temperature up to 100 F. was applied to the rug or carpet just prior to its contact with the horizontally vibrating brushes. After treatment on one side the rug was turned and the reverse side treated in the same manner.
• the fabric was rinsed and wrung in a subsequent stage of its passage thru the machine.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, and a synthetic organic water soluble detergent salt which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, and a synthetic organic water soluble detergent salt which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate and a synthetic organic water soluble detergent salt whichdoes not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate, and a synthetic organic water soluble detergent salt which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate, and a water soluble detergent sulfate salt of a higher alcohol which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions and which is selected from the class consisting of the alkali metal alcohol sulfates, the alkaline earth metal alcohol sulfates and ammonium alcohol sulfates.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate, and a detergent sodium salt of a higher alcohol sulfate which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mix- ;uzg. sodium bicarbonate, and sodium lauryl sul- 8.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium ethylene palmitate sulfonate.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate and sodium ethylene methyl lauramide sulfonate.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite containing upwards of 50% available chlorine and substantially free of calcium chloride, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate and a water soluble quaternary ammonium salt having detergent properties and containing at least one high molecular weight organic group as a substituent.
• An aqueous solution formed by dissolving in water a stable calcium hypochlorite, sodium carbonate in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present and. a synthetic organic water soluble detergent salt which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions.
• An aqueous solution formed by dissolving in water a stable calcium hypochlorite, sodium carbonate in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present, sodium bicarbonate, and a synthetic organic water soluble detergent salt which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, and a synthetic organic water soluble detergent salt which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of calcium ions, said salts being present inthe ratio of 1 part by weight of the organic detergent salt to about 2 to 3 parts by weight of the inorganic salts.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorlte, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate, and a synthetic organic water soluble detergent salt which does not produce an insoluble precipitate in the present of calcium ions, said salts being present in the ratio of 1 part by weight of the organic detergent salt to about 2 to 3 parts by weight of the inorganic salts.
• a substantially dry stable salt mixture comprising a stable calcium hypochlorite, sodium carbonate in an amount in excess of that necessary to react with all of the calcium present in the mixture, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium lauryl sulfate, said salts being present in the ratio of 1 part by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate to about 2 to 3 parts by weight of the inorganic salts.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=22731058

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (8)

Families Citing this family (1)

• 1938
  • 1938-03-24 US US197867A patent/US2320279A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1939
  • 1939-03-23 FR FR852048D patent/FR852048A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1939-03-23 FR FR852049D patent/FR852049A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1939-03-24 GB GB9251/39A patent/GB530040A/en not_active Expired
  • 1939-03-24 GB GB9250/39A patent/GB526646A/en not_active Expired

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