US2369548A - Synthetic process for preparing hydrocarbons, particularly gasoline - Google Patents

Synthetic process for preparing hydrocarbons, particularly gasoline Download PDF

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Publication number
US2369548A
US2369548A US432356A US43235642A US2369548A US 2369548 A US2369548 A US 2369548A US 432356 A US432356 A US 432356A US 43235642 A US43235642 A US 43235642A US 2369548 A US2369548 A US 2369548A
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United States
Prior art keywords
carbides
hydrocarbons
synthetic process
metals
gasoline
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Expired - Lifetime
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US432356A
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English (en)
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Elian John
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
    • C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C07C1/0425—Catalysts; their physical properties
    • C07C1/0445—Preparation; Activation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
    • C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • C07C2523/72—Copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/20—Carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/22—Carbides

Definitions

  • the catalysts used in such a synthetic process are formed of metals such as iron, nickel and cobalt (called base metals hereafter), which are able to form carbides.
  • the base metals of the catalyst must be pure and to this end they are preferably obtained from their oxides or their carbonates or extracted from other compounds; they may be obtainedby electrolysis or by passing through the carbonyl stage.
  • the yield of the synthetic process may be materially increased when instead of the chance formation of the carbides of the base metals in the catalytic action, use is made of catalysts comprising essentially preformed carbides, preferably the higher grade carbides of said metals.
  • the invention mainly consists, in the synthetic manufacture of hydrocarbons, particularly those corresponding to the gasoline fraction, by means of water gas and hydrogen, in using, from the beginning of the'process, catalysts substantially composed of carbides and particularly the higher grade carbides of the so called base metals such as iron, nickel and cobalt.
  • carbides particularly the higher grade carbides of the base metals of the catalytic action
  • any known method may be used, but such carbides are preferably prepared as follows or in a similar manner.
  • said metal is caused to absorb carbon by subjecting it, in heated conditions, to the action of a body or substances capable of giving ofi carbon, the operation being conducted so as to avoid fritting the grains or decomposing the formed carbides.
  • the carbide powder is cooled, preferably in the presence of inert gas or alternatively of carbonaceous substances.
  • the operation may be conducted as follows.
  • the powder of the selected bass metal is introduced in a tube made of steel, ceramic, quartz or the like, preferably electrically heated as by placing the tube in an electric oven.
  • the tube is heated to a temperature of 250-450 C. according to the base metal used, while passing through the tube any suitable gas capable of giving ofi the necessary carbon, for example carbon monoxide, methane, lighting gas, petroleum vapors, ether in vapor state, alone or in various admixtures, the absorbing operation being controlled either by the contraction of the gas volume passed through the tube or by the chemical analysis thereof.
  • continuous motion is imparted to the tube, as by rotating said tube slowly about its axis, by shaking it, or by other means.
  • the metallic powder may also be mixed with solid cements, such as bone charcoal or the like, the tube or crucible containing the mixture being hermetically closed and heated for the necessary time which may be easily determined by some prior tests.
  • solid cements such as bone charcoal or the like
  • the tube contents are quickly cooled below the temperature at which the carbides are liable to decompose, and such cooling is preferably obtained by means of a, gaseous medium, formed of one or more inert gases, such as nitrogen, or neutral gases, such as helium, or also of one or more carburetting gases, such as those used in the carburetting operation, or yet also by means of liquid hydrocarbons, such as gasoline or ben- 201, the temperature of the cooling medium being adapted to cool the contents oi the tube or crucible rapidly to a very low temperature.
  • a, gaseous medium formed of one or more inert gases, such as nitrogen, or neutral gases, such as helium, or also of one or more carburetting gases, such as those used in the carburetting operation, or yet also by means of liquid hydrocarbons, such as gasoline or ben- 201, the temperature of the cooling medium being adapted to cool the contents oi the tube or crucible rapidly to a very low temperature.
  • the carbide powder of the base metals thus obtained is then crushed by known means, as in a ball mill, a mortar or the like and sifted.
  • the grains of the same size are then mixed in known manner with suitable quantities of powder of copper or alkali metal oxides and agglomerated under pressure while heating moderately as an excess heat is able to cause decomposition of the formed carbides.
  • Bodies in the shapes of lozenges, rings or other shape are then prepared, and subsequently introduced in known manner within catalysis apparatus such as water cooled tubes or the like.
  • plates or plate elements similar to filtering plates may be formed, through which is then passed the gaseous current to be subjected to the synthetic process.
  • said powder may first be mixed with the powder of copper and of alkali metal oxides, the mixture being then subjected to the carburetting operation.
  • the contact bodies become charged with solid paraflins, which are removed by means of superheated vapor, after which they are again subjected to a carburetting operation in order to regenerate the carbides oi the base-metals in the aforesaid described manner.
  • the yield thereof is materially increased.
  • a yield as high as grams, of hydrocarbons has been obtained for each cubic meter of water gas used.
  • the catalysts copper, nickel and cobalt may be subjected to a carburetting operation effected between 250 C. and 450 C. to form a catalyst mainly formed of carbides of said metals.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
US432356A 1941-03-04 1942-02-25 Synthetic process for preparing hydrocarbons, particularly gasoline Expired - Lifetime US2369548A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2369548X 1941-03-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2369548A true US2369548A (en) 1945-02-13

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US432356A Expired - Lifetime US2369548A (en) 1941-03-04 1942-02-25 Synthetic process for preparing hydrocarbons, particularly gasoline

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US2369548A (fr)
FR (1) FR879959A (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2467803A (en) * 1947-08-14 1949-04-19 Standard Oil Dev Co Synthesis of hydrocarbons
US2469755A (en) * 1948-05-01 1949-05-10 Standard Oil Dev Co Synthesis of hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen with an iron type catalyst
US2537496A (en) * 1947-03-26 1951-01-09 Texas Co Synthesis of hydrocarbons
US2560345A (en) * 1947-12-23 1951-07-10 Standard Oil Dev Co Pretreatment of catalyst for hydrocarbon synthesis
US2562806A (en) * 1948-04-23 1951-07-31 Standard Oil Dev Co Hydrocarbon synthesis with catalyst reconditioning
US2589925A (en) * 1947-05-09 1952-03-18 Standard Oil Dev Co Hydrocarbon synthesis
US2608535A (en) * 1947-05-09 1952-08-26 Standard Oil Dev Co Carbon-containing fischer-tropsch catalyst and its preparation
US2610976A (en) * 1947-11-28 1952-09-16 Standard Oil Dev Co Hydrocarbon synthesis
US2615910A (en) * 1948-10-29 1952-10-28 Standard Oil Dev Co Production of synthetic hydrocarbons
US2616915A (en) * 1947-10-30 1952-11-04 Texas Co Stabilization of fluidized iron synthesis catalyst
US2686819A (en) * 1949-09-01 1954-08-17 Kellogg M W Co Synthesis of methane
US2690449A (en) * 1947-10-30 1954-09-28 Texas Co Hydrocarbon synthesis and catalyst therefor
US2755228A (en) * 1952-02-25 1956-07-17 Gulf Research Development Co Hydroreforming employing carbide catalysts

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2537496A (en) * 1947-03-26 1951-01-09 Texas Co Synthesis of hydrocarbons
US2589925A (en) * 1947-05-09 1952-03-18 Standard Oil Dev Co Hydrocarbon synthesis
US2608535A (en) * 1947-05-09 1952-08-26 Standard Oil Dev Co Carbon-containing fischer-tropsch catalyst and its preparation
US2467803A (en) * 1947-08-14 1949-04-19 Standard Oil Dev Co Synthesis of hydrocarbons
US2616915A (en) * 1947-10-30 1952-11-04 Texas Co Stabilization of fluidized iron synthesis catalyst
US2690449A (en) * 1947-10-30 1954-09-28 Texas Co Hydrocarbon synthesis and catalyst therefor
US2610976A (en) * 1947-11-28 1952-09-16 Standard Oil Dev Co Hydrocarbon synthesis
US2560345A (en) * 1947-12-23 1951-07-10 Standard Oil Dev Co Pretreatment of catalyst for hydrocarbon synthesis
US2562806A (en) * 1948-04-23 1951-07-31 Standard Oil Dev Co Hydrocarbon synthesis with catalyst reconditioning
US2469755A (en) * 1948-05-01 1949-05-10 Standard Oil Dev Co Synthesis of hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide and hydrogen with an iron type catalyst
US2615910A (en) * 1948-10-29 1952-10-28 Standard Oil Dev Co Production of synthetic hydrocarbons
US2686819A (en) * 1949-09-01 1954-08-17 Kellogg M W Co Synthesis of methane
US2755228A (en) * 1952-02-25 1956-07-17 Gulf Research Development Co Hydroreforming employing carbide catalysts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR879959A (fr) 1943-03-10

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