Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/20—Combustible or heat-generating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
  • C21B2100/28—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation
  • C21B2100/282—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases by separation of carbon dioxide
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
  • C21B2100/44—Removing particles, e.g. by scrubbing, dedusting
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/66—Heat exchange

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the art of fumigating with pesticidal compounds, and-more particularly to the provision of an improved composition for the thermal production of fumes of pesticidal compounds that are capable of vaporisation when suitably heated.
• the invention is especially valuable for the purpose of fumigating with combustible pesticidal compounds or pesticidal compounds easily decomposed when overheated.
• the invention facilitates the economical production of a fume comprising an aerosol of the condensed vapour of a pesticidal compound which can deposit on the bounding surfaces of a closed space in which the fume is generated so as to produce a thin layer of the pesticidal compound that will be active long after the atmosphere is clear of the actual fumes.
• a pesticide capable of depositing such a layer when a suitable fumigation method is applied to volatilise it is the powerful insecticide beta-beta- (para-dichlorophenyl) -alpha-alpha-alpha-trichloroethane (now more commonly designated 2,2-bis(parachlorophenyl) 1,1,1-trichloroethane)
• beta-beta- (para-dichlorophenyl) -alpha-alpha-alpha-trichloroethane now more commonly designated 2,2-bis(parachlorophenyl) 1,1,1-trichloroethane)
• a further example is the still more powerful insecticide gamma-benzene hexachloride which can be applied in the form of a smoke by volatilisation from hot plates or by other heating methods.
• a method for fumigating an enclosed space to control pests therein which comprises treating the said space with an aerosol containing a benzene hex-
• a combustible candle fumigator similar to the familiar sulphur candle, would be a very convenient means for producing the fumes of a vaporisable.
• pesticidal compound but in the case of many pesticides it would not be possible to make up a candle in which a pesticide is drawn into a flame for the purpose of volatilising it, since the pesticide would thereby be decomposed or burned with the formation of useless decomposition or combustion products, whereas in the case of the sulphur candle the active material is the sulphur dioxide produced by the burning of the sulphur.
• the temperatures attained in the mass as the result of the reaction are, generally speaking, much below thoseexperienced in ordinary instances of combustion.
• the present invention is based on ,the discovery that while the heat vaporisable pesticidal compounds are typically oxidisable substances, and while ammonium nitrate contains, and the salt of chromic acid may contain.
• the pesticidal compound can be vaporised without any substantial destruction when it is present in admixture in a composition undergoing thermal decomposition and comprising ammonium nitrate and a salt oflchromic acid adapted to render the ammonium nitrate in the mixture capable of such self-sustained exothermic reaction.
• the improved f umigating composition consists of a mixture comprising a thermally vaporisabie pesticidal compound, ammonium nitrate and an ammonium nitrate-sensitising salt of chromic acid in amount suilicient to render the composition capable of propagating throughout itself at ordinary atmospheric pressure an exothermal reture of the ammonium nitrate with various salts action when initiatedby local heating.
• the said mixture may also include china clay.
• a cartridge made up from the composition and provided with a waterproof casing may advantageously be employed, and such cartridge may advantageously include a small piece of fuse or of match composition or other ignitingcomposition in contact with the fumigating charge in order to facilitate the ignition of the latter from an ordinary domestic friction match.
• the fumigating charge is preferably in compact form, and for its production the pulverulent mixture of ingredients may be subjected to compression. Otherwise the mixture may be made into compact form with the aid of a binder or bonding agent, for. instance, a nitrocellulose composition, and may be extruded or moulded into form.
• the cartridge comprising the fumigating charge may conveniently bewrapped up in paper, and the wrapped cartridge dipped in wax or other waterproofing medium.
• the fumigating charges provided according to the present invention are therefore both safe and convenient for application in confined space even when easily inflammable objects are present in the confined space.
• a fungicidal composition tobe u ediii powder form is made up as follows:
• ammonium nitrateand 10 partspotassium chro- The invention is illustrated by the following examples, in which the parts mentioned are parts by weight.
• Example 1 A mixture of 90 parts pulverised nitrate; 10 parts gamma-benzene hexachloride, and 10 parts potassium chromate in powder form is compactedby pressure into the-iorniota rod of about 1' centimetre diameter and-considerably I reater length. a small piece of being.
• the composite rod so obtained is wrapped ⁇ in manila paper and dipped inmolten paraflln wax melting at about 50 C. maintained-at a temperature not exceedingabout 75 C.
• the end provided with the fuse is marked so "that; the
• wrapper can be broken to expose the end of the cartridge containing the fuse to use the cartridge.
• Example 3 I A mixture of 90 parts pulverised ammonium nitrate, parts gamma-benzene hexachlo'ride and 10 parts potassium chromate in powder form is mixedwith a nitrocellulose solution made from parts quarter second industrial nitrocellulose, 48 parts di-butyl phthalate and 2'parts diphenylwhen it .is desired mate. are mixed with 20 parts'of' the fungicide pentachlorophenol.
• A'fumigati ng statute of a 1 mixture comprisingia thermally -vaporisable pesticidjai compound, ammonium nitrate and an ammonium nitrate-sensitising 'saltof chromicacid inamount sufficient to render the. composition capable of propagating throughout itself at ordinary atmospheric pressure an exothermal reaction when initiated by local heating.
• a fumigating composition as claimed in claim 1 in the form of a compressed pellet in the form of a compressed pellet.
• Azi'umigating composition consisting of a mixture comprising a v thermally vaporisable pesticidal compound, ammonium nitrate and an amine, the ratio of the amounts of the powder mixture and .of the nitrocellulose solution being :35 by weight.
• the resulting .paste-is'extruded. at suitably raised temperature not. exceeding 100 C. to'the desired diameter and cut into suit ammonium nitrate-sensitising salt of chromic acidin amount'suflicient to renderthe composition capable of propagating throughout itself at ordinary atmospheric pressure an .exothermal able lengths before it cools.
• match head composition in the form of a paste containing a solution of a binding agent is applied at one end of each of the cut rods,arid after this has been. dried off the rod is wrapped in Example 4 paper. 1 t
• composition being in the form of a compressed pellet, and the pellet being v provided with a small pieceoi igniting composition.
• 3- LA fumigating composition consistingoiv a mixture, omprising az-bismarachiorophenyli form is made up as follows: parts of a mixture consisting of parts ammonium nitrate andlO' potassium chromate, are mixed with 25 parts of a crude gammabenzene hexachloride; and 93 parts of the resultingmixture is mixed with! parts ofchina clay;
• composition to form is madeup as follows: 7 '75 parts of'a mixtureconsistingof 90 parts be used in powder" ammonium nitrate and 10 parts potassium chromate, are mixed with 25 parts of pure gamma benzene hexa'chloride, and 97 parts of the resulting mixture is mixed with 3 parts of-china clay,
• ammonium nitrate I 1 ,.ltricliloroetliane, ammonium'nitrate and an f ammonium nitrate-sensitising' salt oi" chromic acid in amount-sunicientto render the composition ⁇ capable of propagating:throughout'itself at ordinary atmospheric pressure'an exothern'ial re- -action when initiated'by local heating.
• a fulnlgating composition' -consisting oi a mixture -,comprising gamma benzenei hexacl lot t d by loc al heating. v n

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=10033170

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (20)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1946
  • 1946-03-30 ES ES0173066A patent/ES173066A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1946-04-01 US US658882A patent/US2440082A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1946-06-03 CH CH258218D patent/CH258218A/de unknown
• 1947
  • 1947-07-01 DK DK251347AA patent/DK84244C/da active
• 1948
  • 1948-10-06 AT AT169344D patent/AT169344B/de active
  • 1948-10-21 DE DEP268D patent/DE899734C/de not_active Expired
• 1954
  • 1954-12-30 MY MY8/54A patent/MY5400008A/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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