US2445504A - Process of fluid treating webs of fabric - Google Patents

Process of fluid treating webs of fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
US2445504A
US2445504A US557459A US55745944A US2445504A US 2445504 A US2445504 A US 2445504A US 557459 A US557459 A US 557459A US 55745944 A US55745944 A US 55745944A US 2445504 A US2445504 A US 2445504A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
dyeing
tank
web
liquid
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Expired - Lifetime
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US557459A
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English (en)
Inventor
Sumner H Williams
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Individual
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US557459A priority Critical patent/US2445504A/en
Priority to GB26617/45A priority patent/GB609728A/en
Priority to NL122184A priority patent/NL67305C/nl
Priority to CH255935D priority patent/CH255935A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2445504A publication Critical patent/US2445504A/en
Priority to DEP30603A priority patent/DE820590C/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
    • D06B3/20—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics with means to improve the circulation of the treating material on the surface of the fabric
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/0004—General aspects of dyeing
    • D06P1/0008—Dyeing processes in which the dye is not specific (waste liquors)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/001—Special chemical aspects of printing textile materials

Definitions

  • the purpose of this invention is to produce controlled uniformity of dyed or chemically treated lots of material by a continuous operation. From a control standpoint, I have found that a function is to first apply the colors or chemicals tothe material and then carry either in a continuous operation, or as a separate operation, for further dyeing or developing, to the unit such as designed, inorder to further properly fix or fasten the dyestuffs to the material or fibres. This procedure is best explained on the order of a continuous vat pigment form of dyeing. I use the vat colors in citing this instance, but the same is true of any of the other groups of colors or chemicals that require additional development, reduction or fixation in order that they may be dyed or treated to obtain their maximum fastness. The vat colors in their pigment form have little or no affinity and, therefore, can be applied very uniform over the material to be dyed, in this form, but require further reduction treatment so that they may be properly afiixed to the material to produce their rated fastness.
  • One object of this invention is to takesuch pretreated material containing these pigment dyes or chemicals, or other coloring matter, to a developing or dyeing unit, such as shown, either in a wet or dry state and gravity feed a treating solution with the material through a confined channel area arranged so that the treating fluid follows the material in an even manner, and due to the close confinement, the vat pigments in the process of becoming solubilized or reduced are prevented from bleeding off into a wide area of solution, as this solution travels with the material, closely confined.
  • the stripping off action or bleeding is held to a very close minimum and produces results from a dyeing standpoint that cannot be obtained by the present methods in use, such as the adding of pre-dissolved dyes to a dyebath.
  • the following description relates to my invention in the process and apparatus of treating material. More particularly it deals with chemical treatment whether bleaching, dyeing, washing or otherwise of a continuous web of textile
  • the web or fabric or material may be in any physical form, such as thread or yarn or yarns grouped together, known as warps.
  • the fibers which are spun together to form the material may be animal fibers such as silk, wool and mohair, mineral fibers such as asbestos, sodium silicate and similar forms or may be of vegetable origin such as natural fibers of cotton, flax and synthetic fibers as cellulose acetate, viscose or cuprammonium and all other forms of synthetic silk-like materials as nylon and casein fibers. Frequently these materials are made up not only of a single type of fiber but a mixture of various materials such as above described.
  • This invention proposes a process for the chemical treatment of such textile fabrics regardless of their particular constitution and applicable for many operations such as bleaching, dyeing and the like.
  • This invention provides for the dyeing, bleaching or other chemical treatment of a continuous web of material in a manner that allows the material to be treated evenly on all sides as the layer of treating gliquid .completely surrounds the material and is held in close contact to the latter by the particular construction of narrow channels through which the material to be treated moves and thus is brought into contact with the treating fluid which is also in motion either in the direction of the material or in the opposite direction. This brings about faster chemicaltreatment due to utilizing the full area of this liquid traveling in motion with the material.
  • My invention uses a basically diiferent principle, that of causing the material to travel through themachine so that the material is submerged -in a minimum quantity of the liquid so arranged-as to bring the material in close contact with the dyes, bleaching agents or other chemicals. At the same time the treating liquid is caused -to travel incontact with the fabric until completion of the desired chemical reaction,
  • this in vention covers the mechanical and physical reactions between the material to be treated and the ingredients, which are brought in contact with it, contained in thefluid, as these ingredients .in the fluid may be chemically inert and are mechanically forced on the material by either close contactin processingsame by the method stated.
  • Toproperlycarryout my process for the chemical treatment of acontinuously advancing web of textile fabric, I .have designed an improved apparatus capable ofsuccessfully treating the-material and in particular dyeing it by anyone of the different types of dyes.
  • the .apparatus is equally advantageous for bleaching and other chemical treatments than dyeing.
  • a furtherobjectiofmy invention is to provide an apparatus by which the material may be treated toa blend of.colors giving a desired shade. Thistreatment maybe simultaneous or successive when the dyes have diiiierent afiinities for the fiber treated or adhere to the material at different rates of speed. .By applying these colors together with .the material or by first treating the material with these colors and then passing them through the apparatus for Ifurther development, the forced contact of the reacting materials with .the fabric in a confinedarea andsubject to common motion, the dyes are prevented from exhausting as they would react when applied from stationary solutions.
  • reacting chemicals with which it is intended to treat the fabric may be fed to extend the full width the apparatus either at the point of entrance or at any subsequent stage, or separate reagents may be added at separate points in order to bring the reaction to completion at the point of delivery.
  • a still further object of my invention is to maintain a desired control of the temperature of the material and reacting liquid.
  • Such an arrangement is accomplished with a tank 4 WhiChIiS composed of suitable material to withstan'dlthe chemicals in'the treating solutions.
  • This tank hasfheating means such as the coil 5 or analogous means by which the water or other fluid in the tank maybekept at the desired temperature most satisfactory for carrying out the chemical treatment.
  • the tank has an'inner wall or lining'fi'by which the tankbecomes a heating Water jacket.
  • This lining is formed with verticalpartitions or dams. Ihave shown two such transverse hollow partitions"! and 8 extending upwardly in the tank.
  • the top of the'transverse partition ! is slightly lower'thanthe 'top 'of;roll"2ll, preceding this partition.
  • Fig. 1 shows'that the 'fluid'trave'ls over the first top roll 20, following the material into the roll '26, is slightly lower than the first, allowing the liquid to cascade from one channel to the other.
  • the dam '9, slightly lower than roll 20, allows for a continuation of the flow of liquid into the'next series of channels, the cascade of liquid flowing-over the top of each roll 20, until reaching the exhaust level i8.
  • the innerwall or linings rises above the tank to form a funnel or chute lfi'which'in Fig.2 is shown to of the tank and to permit the entrance of the web of fabric 16.
  • the ch'emical solution is added in'desired quantity'to the funnel 1-5 through the inlet pipe l1.
  • a roll "20 surmoun'ts each partition 1, 8, [0, H, l3 'and T4 and has a diameter slightly greater than the partition.
  • Each'of'the several rolls 20, is slightly lower than its preceding roll, so that the liquid fiowingover the top of th'e first'roll '20, flows through and under the "baffles, following the material, and cascades over the second roll 20, continuing-over dam 9 and in the same manner throughout the balance of the machine to wells 23 between the several partitions. dams and the walls of the tank.
  • each baffle has a pair of standards 24 in which is journaled a roller 25.
  • This roller has a diameter slightly greater than the transverse width of the baffle. The diameters of the rolls and 25 are such that the web l6 passes through the narrow channels between the baffles and the adjacent partitions, dams or tank walls.
  • rolls 21 and 28 Suitably mounted on standards 26 on the side of the tank are rolls 21 and 28 arranged in super posed pairs.
  • the first pair of rolls '2'! surmounts the dam 9 and the lower roll 28 has adiameter such that the web rises upwardly along one side of the dam and down the other side equally spaced between the vertical faces of the dam and the adjacent baflles.
  • a second pair of rolls 29 and 30 is mounted above the tank and the dam l2 in the same manner and for the same purpose.
  • and 32 is mounted to receive the web as it rises from the narrow space between. the baffle 2
  • Each pair of rolls is driven with suitable driving means provided to rotate the rolls advancing the material through the machine, their purpose being to cut down the strain and lessen the tension on the fabric in its travel through the apparatus.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the method of starting the chemical treatment.
  • the requisite quantity of chemical solution having been runinto the wells 23, a web It is passed between the pairs of rolls 21, 28,29, 30, 3
  • baffles are then lowered, either simultaneously or successively into their respective wells. This serves to festoon the web so that it passes down near the end wall 5 of the tank around the roller 25 of the first baffle and thence around the roller 20 above the partition 1; Each baillejl establishes a corresponding festoon in its respective well.
  • the treating fluid reaches a level above the partition I, over top roll. 20 and the level of film of liquid over this rollis governed by the speed of the fluid fed into the machine at FL
  • the speed of thetravel of the fluid with the material is, therefore, regulated at point of entry l1, and point of exhaust l8.
  • the speed of flow is governed at the point of entry, and the height of film above the rollers 20 is governed at the point of exhaust l8.
  • the surface of the treating liquid exposed to the air is limited to that area between the bafiles and over the dams. This is a verysmallratio compared. with the area of fabric being treated. Consequently there is a minimum of deterioration of the treating liquid which is very important where the latter must be protected against oxidation.
  • separate dye solutions may be introduced successively. For example a dye which operates slowly may be introduced with the web and followed by the introduction of a more rapidly operating dye into the well between the dam 9 and partition I'll. Thus both dyes will have completed their reaction as the web leaves the finalwell.
  • I may also use steam, gas or electrical units. Such heating means may also be applied to the removable baffles.
  • The'process of chemically treating the fabric in this apparatus may be carried out for various objects.
  • the process is peculiarly adapted for all types of vat or leuco colors which due to their oxidizing properties are dyed to the best advantage in baths or solutions that are not exposed tothe air.
  • Such colors are indanthrene blue BCS-color index No. 1114 and caledon jade green-color No. 1101. With such colors the baffling of the path gives a maximum area of fabric in contact with the solution and a minimum exposure of liquid. This consequently minimizes the required amounts of reducing chemicals such as sodium hydrosulphite.
  • the second method used in applying the direct colors is by entering the untreated material, containing no dyestuffs, to the machine and feeding simultaneously the dissolved color along with the necessary chemicals, and the color and'material traveling together until the dyes are absorbed out of the fluid onto the material to a point where the dyein action is complete, adding, it necessary, solutions of common salt or other chemicals that. may be necessary to accelerate the dyeing action between the material and the colors held inthefluid.
  • the colors must be put in a soluble iorm byreduction as the dyes ofthis'groupof colors are made soluble by entering them into a reducing solution. They have anatura'l tendency to bleed out into the area of fl'uid into which theyare immersed.
  • they-are immersed in such a thin layer of solution the dyeings are forced in contact withthematerial preventing this bleeding off into an area: of solution which is a. major factor in producing true shadesby holding the dyestufi on the'materi'al, by running it throughthe closely fitted channels which prevent the dyes, as they become soluble, to leave the material and bleed out. into a-wide area of'fluid.
  • this group' of colors. has been passed throughthis machine where the reducing anddyeing action takes place; theyare eithertthen in a separate or in a continuous operation, washed and oxidized in the usual. manner necessary to treat this class vof dyestufis.
  • I may carry out the dyeing" and developing of the naphthol or insoluble azo group of colors represented as a group by naphthol as (beta-hydroxynaphthoic acid anilide) developed with fast scarlet salt'GGN (stabilized diazo salt of 2,5 -dichloroaniline) andnaphthol AS-G diacetoaceti'c tolidedeveloped with fast red B base 5-nitro-4-aminotoluene.
  • GGN stabilizedazo salt of 2,5 -dichloroaniline
  • naphthol AS-G diacetoaceti'c tolide developed with fast red B base 5-nitro-4-aminotoluene.
  • The-invention is supplemented by the'novel and improved apparatus including the removable bafll'es and attached immersion rolls which block exposure of all but a thin .area of the liquid.
  • Manyminor details in the process and apparatus are possible without departing from the scope of the. following claim.
  • a continuous process of treatinga continuous Web. of. fabric. with a chemical solution which consistsin drawing the web successively downwardly and upwardly through. a tank, reducing the elevationof the web. drawn through said tank successively and progressively with the highest elevation of said Webbeing nearest the point of admission ofsaid web into the tank, feeding a chemical solutioninto thetank at a point immediately. adjacent that at which.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
US557459A 1944-10-06 1944-10-06 Process of fluid treating webs of fabric Expired - Lifetime US2445504A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US557459A US2445504A (en) 1944-10-06 1944-10-06 Process of fluid treating webs of fabric
GB26617/45A GB609728A (en) 1944-10-06 1945-10-11 Process and apparatus for the dyeing, bleaching and other liquid treatment of textile fabrics
NL122184A NL67305C (nl) 1944-10-06 1945-11-28 Werkwijze en toestel voor het behandelen van een doorlopend breed gehouden weefsel met eenvloeistof
CH255935D CH255935A (fr) 1944-10-06 1945-12-01 Installation pour le traitement d'une bande continue de matière textile.
DEP30603A DE820590C (de) 1944-10-06 1949-01-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Faerben, Bleichen oder einer anderen Nassbehandlung von Geweben

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US557459A US2445504A (en) 1944-10-06 1944-10-06 Process of fluid treating webs of fabric

Publications (1)

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US2445504A true US2445504A (en) 1948-07-20

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US557459A Expired - Lifetime US2445504A (en) 1944-10-06 1944-10-06 Process of fluid treating webs of fabric

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US (1) US2445504A (fr)
CH (1) CH255935A (fr)
DE (1) DE820590C (fr)
GB (1) GB609728A (fr)
NL (1) NL67305C (fr)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2532471A (en) * 1947-04-10 1950-12-05 American Viscose Corp Spray application of dyestuff and other materials
US2628884A (en) * 1949-11-16 1953-02-17 Raymond W Jacoby Dye aging process
US2641121A (en) * 1945-08-02 1953-06-09 Rodney Hunt Machine Co Apparatus for dyeing
US2641119A (en) * 1953-06-09 Ageing or reducing apparatus
US2645044A (en) * 1948-09-04 1953-07-14 Zimarik John Apparatus for pressing sheets
US2726921A (en) * 1949-07-06 1955-12-13 Sativa Corp Method for treating bast fibers
US2758463A (en) * 1951-12-27 1956-08-14 Clarke Leslie James Apparatus for wet processing textile materials
US2764010A (en) * 1949-05-10 1956-09-25 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Apparatus for treating textiles
US2839910A (en) * 1953-01-12 1958-06-24 American Enka Corp Apparatus for the wet treatment of yarns in warp form
US2949839A (en) * 1958-01-06 1960-08-23 Viewlex Inc Processor for photographic paper
US2994215A (en) * 1955-07-08 1961-08-01 Richard P Higginbottom Apparatus for providing supplementary heat and moisture in textile steam processing chambers
US3041953A (en) * 1958-11-24 1962-07-03 Mervin E Fulton Film developing apparatus
US3090666A (en) * 1959-06-16 1963-05-21 Elastic Fabric Co Inc Alkaline shrinkage of cotton fabric on vibratory conveyor
US3104954A (en) * 1963-09-24 Apparatus for flash aging printed fabrics
US3183690A (en) * 1963-07-09 1965-05-18 Butterworth Mfg Company Apparatus for treating web materials in fluids
US3263458A (en) * 1960-09-13 1966-08-02 Samcoe Holding Corp Apparatus for dyeing tubular knit material
US3285041A (en) * 1963-03-26 1966-11-15 Valls Conrado Textile treating chambers
US3349580A (en) * 1964-07-01 1967-10-31 Valls Conrado Device for the continuous treatment of textile materials
US3602125A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-08-31 Us Army Film-processing tank

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2775046A (en) * 1949-05-31 1956-12-25 Sucker Gmbh Geb Methods and apparatus for the processing of textile materials
GB711475A (en) * 1950-12-27 1954-07-07 William Franklin & Son Ltd An improved method of and apparatus for wet processing textile materials
DE1048256B (de) * 1953-04-10 1959-01-08 Tintoria Comense S P A Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Behandeln von Gewebebahnen
DE949881C (de) * 1953-06-23 1956-09-27 Karl Menzel Breitwaschmaschine
DE952075C (de) * 1953-09-05 1956-11-08 Heino Klemm Einrichtung zum Behandeln von Geweben in breiter oder Strangform mit Fluessigkeiten
DE1004128B (de) * 1954-02-20 1957-03-14 Masch Fabriken Tillm Gerber So Antriebsvorrichtung fuer Wasch- und Nachbehandlungsmaschinen mit kontinuierlichem Durchlauf einer Textilbahn
DE952616C (de) * 1954-09-24 1956-11-22 Kleinewefers Soehne J Breitwaschmaschine
US2939760A (en) * 1955-10-26 1960-06-07 Du Pont Vapor treatment of a moving web
DE1215097B (de) * 1961-01-12 1966-04-28 Artos Meier Windhorst Kg Vorrichtung zum Waschen breitgefuehrter Warenbahnen
ES269684A1 (es) * 1961-07-08 1961-12-16 Valls Forne Conrado Un procedimiento continuo para el tratamiento de articulos textiles mediante productos fluidos
BE730145A (fr) * 1968-03-20 1969-09-22
CN108486787A (zh) * 2018-04-04 2018-09-04 佛山京联科技信息咨询有限公司 一种新型布料快速清洗烘干机

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1029866A (en) * 1912-02-17 1912-06-18 Walter F Haskell Warp-dyeing machine.
US1402765A (en) * 1918-10-11 1922-01-10 Walter F Haskell Warp-dyeing machine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1029866A (en) * 1912-02-17 1912-06-18 Walter F Haskell Warp-dyeing machine.
US1402765A (en) * 1918-10-11 1922-01-10 Walter F Haskell Warp-dyeing machine

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3104954A (en) * 1963-09-24 Apparatus for flash aging printed fabrics
US2641119A (en) * 1953-06-09 Ageing or reducing apparatus
US2641121A (en) * 1945-08-02 1953-06-09 Rodney Hunt Machine Co Apparatus for dyeing
US2532471A (en) * 1947-04-10 1950-12-05 American Viscose Corp Spray application of dyestuff and other materials
US2645044A (en) * 1948-09-04 1953-07-14 Zimarik John Apparatus for pressing sheets
US2764010A (en) * 1949-05-10 1956-09-25 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Apparatus for treating textiles
US2726921A (en) * 1949-07-06 1955-12-13 Sativa Corp Method for treating bast fibers
US2628884A (en) * 1949-11-16 1953-02-17 Raymond W Jacoby Dye aging process
US2758463A (en) * 1951-12-27 1956-08-14 Clarke Leslie James Apparatus for wet processing textile materials
US2839910A (en) * 1953-01-12 1958-06-24 American Enka Corp Apparatus for the wet treatment of yarns in warp form
US2994215A (en) * 1955-07-08 1961-08-01 Richard P Higginbottom Apparatus for providing supplementary heat and moisture in textile steam processing chambers
US2949839A (en) * 1958-01-06 1960-08-23 Viewlex Inc Processor for photographic paper
US3041953A (en) * 1958-11-24 1962-07-03 Mervin E Fulton Film developing apparatus
US3090666A (en) * 1959-06-16 1963-05-21 Elastic Fabric Co Inc Alkaline shrinkage of cotton fabric on vibratory conveyor
US3263458A (en) * 1960-09-13 1966-08-02 Samcoe Holding Corp Apparatus for dyeing tubular knit material
US3285041A (en) * 1963-03-26 1966-11-15 Valls Conrado Textile treating chambers
US3183690A (en) * 1963-07-09 1965-05-18 Butterworth Mfg Company Apparatus for treating web materials in fluids
US3349580A (en) * 1964-07-01 1967-10-31 Valls Conrado Device for the continuous treatment of textile materials
US3602125A (en) * 1969-06-03 1971-08-31 Us Army Film-processing tank

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL67305C (nl) 1951-02-15
DE820590C (de) 1951-11-12
CH255935A (fr) 1948-07-31
GB609728A (en) 1948-10-06

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