US2449972A - Elimination of static electricity - Google Patents

Elimination of static electricity Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2449972A
US2449972A US601817A US60181745A US2449972A US 2449972 A US2449972 A US 2449972A US 601817 A US601817 A US 601817A US 60181745 A US60181745 A US 60181745A US 2449972 A US2449972 A US 2449972A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bristles
tufts
voltage
stock
bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US601817A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Beach Robin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US601817A priority Critical patent/US2449972A/en
Priority to FR968448D priority patent/FR968448A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2449972A publication Critical patent/US2449972A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
    • H05F3/00—Carrying-off electrostatic charges
    • H05F3/04—Carrying-off electrostatic charges by means of spark gaps or other discharge devices

Definitions

  • the invention here disclosed relates to the elimination, neutralization or dissipation of static electricity.
  • Particular objects of the invention are to neutralize and remove static electricity impressed on moving surfaces, such as travelling belts or webs.
  • Fig. 1 in the drawing is a diagrammatic view illustrating the invention as applied to the elimination or neutralization of the static electricity generated bya travelling web;
  • Fig. 2 is a broken cross sectional view as on substantially the plane of line 22 of Fig. 1, illustrating details of the actual physical structure:
  • Fig. 3 is a cross sectional .view of the brush and supporting structure taken on substantially the plane of line 3-8 of Fig. 2;
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views illustrating the high potential gradient of the convergent field effect attained by the use of separate tufts of wire bristles spaced from the surface of the travelling material;
  • Figs. 6 and 'l are similar views illustrating the absence of high potential gradient under conditions of a uniformly distributed electric field.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates more or less diagrammatically a typical installation of the invention for overcoming static effects on a travelling Web ID.
  • This web which may be any processed stock, such as rubber plystock, paper web, or various types of fabric, acquires electric charge as it leaves the supporting, guiding or processing rolls I2 over which it passes.
  • tufts ll of fine wire bristles preferably supported in separated, relatively insulated relation spaced from the charged surface and electrically connected together and to round. While this separated relation is preferred, the tufts may be disposed to form a continuous line of bristles.
  • the sepanate tufts are preferably all mounted in spaced insulated relation on' a single common support, such as a bar l3 of hard, kiln-dried, paraffin treated, wood or generally similar dielectric material.
  • Su'ch material has a constant insulating strength comparable with wax and is thus suited to the need for providing a support of substantially constant insulating or dielectric strength of a high order.
  • This provides a unitary brush structure which may be handled as such and mounted in proper spaced relation at one side of, that is, either over or under, the material being discharged.
  • the brush is mounted above the web and usually this may be preferred as themost convenient position.
  • brackets i4 attached to the frame or base portions I5 of the machine and carrying an angle bar I6 extending across the web and to which the insulating brush bar is attached, as by screw fastenings l'l.
  • the angle bar i6 is of insulating material, such as hard fibre or the like. In place of this angle bar, a sufficiently strong bar of wood or other insulating material .may be used.
  • the tufts of bristles are shown as mounted by having the base portions of the same engaged in sockets l8 in the wooden or other insulating supporting bar l3.
  • the tufts of bristles while relatively insulated, are electrically connected together by a suitable conductor, which is connected to ground.
  • a combination connecting and securing effect is accomplished in the illustration by using a flexible bare conductor wire l9 formed into loops engaged in the tufts.
  • These loops as indicated at 20, Figs. 2 and 3, may be formed by doubling the wire down through openings 2
  • One or both ends or any intermediate portion of the connecting wire is brought out and extended to some grounded connection, for example as shown in Fig. 2, clamped to one of the bolts or screws 22 securing the angle bar on the supporting brackets l4.
  • the wire bristles may be of fine brass wire about 0.002" to 0.004".
  • the spacing of the tufts ordinarily may be about 1 to 3 inches apart and the tufts should project from the insulating support on which they are mounted usually about 1 inches orbetween 1 inch and 2 inches.
  • the connecting wire should be strong enough to pull and hold the tufts firmly in place and heavy enough to easily carry the grounding current.
  • the length of the brush made up of the spaced tufts should be approximately equal to the width of the web, sheets or stock under treatment.
  • the principle involved in the neutralization of the charges generated on the moving surface is that of ionizing the molecules of air at the tips of the fine wire bristles by virtue of an exceedingly high potential gradient.
  • the air ions of opposite polarity to the charges on the stock are strongly attracted to the stock, combining with them and neutralizing the charges.
  • Figs. 6 and '7 These views indicate the effect of a D. C. voltage V impressed across two parallel plates A and B spaced the distance (1. These plates being oppositely charged, there is produced a uniform electric field, as indicated by the uniformly spaced lines, Fig. 6.
  • This field being uniformly distributed in the space between the plates, the distribution of the impressed voltage at any part of the. intervening space can be designated by the potential gradient of V/d or as so many volts per centimeter.
  • 'I'his voltage across the plates is distributed lineally with respect to the spacing between the plates. and hence the voltage gradient is uniform or constant, as indicated in the corresponding graph, Fig. '7.
  • Fig. 4 shows how by substituting a tuft of fine wire bristles for plate A, all the lines of electric force from plate B will converge upon the extremely small areas of the tips of the bristles.
  • the electric field then, instead of being uniformly disposed, is highly concentrated in the space near the tips of the bristles with the gradient approximately as indicated by the graph in Fig. 5. Most of the voltage between th electrodes is thus concentrated in the short space directly in front of the bristles.
  • the voltage gradient at this location is high enough to ionize the neutral molecules of air to the extent of forcing electrons out of the intervening air molecules.
  • the relationship for this action may be expressed- Q-the charge C-the capacitance from which it follows that voltage increases as separation of the plates increases, for a fixed charge Q of the condenser.
  • Direct electrification is produced only on the side of the stock in contact with the roll. Assuming this electrification to be negative, the charges will repel electrons from the atoms within the stock, causing them to migrate to the opposite side of the stock. For this reason the electrons may be neutralized on either side of the stock. since those on the other side return to the ionized atoms within the material, so that the stock is no longer electrified.
  • the ends of the bristles or the several tufts should be approximately the same distance away from the stock and the ends should be far enough away from the dielectric support so that the convergent electric fields terminate on thepoint's instead of partly on the dielectric support.
  • the use of insulating material for the support rather than conductive material maintains the convergent state and prevents distribution partly into the supporting structure.
  • Each tuft composed of many fine wires provides sufllcient mechanical strength but is resilient enough to avoid injury either to an operator or to any stock that might contact it.
  • the metallic structure of the bristles and the 55 interconnecting wire constitutes, in conjunction with the charged stock, an extremely small elec trical capacitance or'condenser effect, and this is of particular importance. Only a small amount of electrical energy can be'stored in this small capacitance and hence if an electric spark should pass between the charged plystock and the bristies, the energy of such spark would be insufficient to ignite any flammable vapor-air mixture that, might be present within the sparking zone.
  • the capacitance of the antistatic brush of thisinvention would ordinarily be considerably less than one micromicrofarad, and hence an even higher voltage than 45,000 would be required to cause a hazardous spark, if one could occur.
  • the ionization of the ambient air produced by the high potential gradient is so intense that sparking is practically impossible.
  • the herein disclosed self-energizing apparatus for eliminating static electricity on an electrostatically charged surface, comprising a bar of insulating material having substantially constant dielectric strength of high value. elongated, yielding tufts of fine, flexible, sharp ended spring wire bristles on said insulating bar and rojecting a substantial distance away therefrom, said bristles terminating with their ends all in substantially the same common plane, means mounting said insulating bar with said substantially coplanar'ends ofthe bristles spaced away from the charged surface a distance normally of substantially three to four inches and suiilcient to create and maintain intense convergent electric fields of high potential gradient from said charged surface to the ends of said tufts to pro- 7 quiz copious ionization at the tips of the bristles and a conductor of small mass connecting said fine wire bristles and connected to ground, said apparatus being thereby of low electrical capacitance and being unconnected with any local power source, said projecting tufts of the bristles being mounted in separated, relatively insulated relation on
  • the herein disclosed self-energizing apparatus for eliminating static electricity on an electrostatically charged surface comprising a bar of insulating material having substantially constant dielectric strength of high value, elongated, yielding tufts i fine, flexible, sharp ended spring wire bristles on said insulating bar and projecting a substantial distance away therefrom, said bristles terminating with their ends all in substantially the same common place.
  • said insulating bar having sockets in one side and communicating openings in the other'side of the same, said tufts having base portions seated insaid sockets and said connecting conductor being a flexibl bare wire extending along said other side of the bar and having loops extending through said openings into holding engagement about said base portions of the tufts seated in said sockets to thereby mechanically secure as well as to electrically connect said tufts.
  • the herein disclosed self-energizing apparatus for eliminating static electricity on an electrostatically charged surface, comprising a bar of hard, kiln-dried, wax-treated wood having substantially constant dielectric strength of high value, elongated, yielding tufts of fine, flexible, sharp ended spring wire bristles on said insulating bar and projecting a substantial distance tense convergent electric fields of high potential gradient from said charged surface to the ends of said tufts to produce copious ionization at the tips of the bristles and a conductor of small mass connecting said fine wire bristles and connected to ground, said apparatus being thereby of low electrical capacitance and being unconnected with any local power source.
  • the herein disclosed self-energizing apparatus for eliminating static electricity on an electrostatically charged surface, comprising a bar of insulating material having substantially constant dielectric strength of high value, elongated, yielding tufts of fine, flexible sharp endedspring wire bristles on said insulatin bar and projecting a substantial distance away therefrom, said bristles terminating with their ends all in substantially the same common plane, means mounting said insulating bar with said substantially coplanar ends of the bristles spaced away from the charged surface a.

Landscapes

  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
US601817A 1945-06-27 1945-06-27 Elimination of static electricity Expired - Lifetime US2449972A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US601817A US2449972A (en) 1945-06-27 1945-06-27 Elimination of static electricity
FR968448D FR968448A (fr) 1945-06-27 1948-02-26 Appareil pour l'élimination de l'électricité statique, notamment sur les courroies et les organes analogues en mouvement

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US968448XA 1945-06-27 1945-06-27
US601817A US2449972A (en) 1945-06-27 1945-06-27 Elimination of static electricity

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2449972A true US2449972A (en) 1948-09-28

Family

ID=30447867

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US601817A Expired - Lifetime US2449972A (en) 1945-06-27 1945-06-27 Elimination of static electricity

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2449972A (fr)
FR (1) FR968448A (fr)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2568068A (en) * 1949-12-23 1951-09-18 Webster B Harpman Magnetized grounding electrode
US2652879A (en) * 1949-03-23 1953-09-22 Theodore W Keller Bagmaking machine
US2733465A (en) * 1956-02-07 Floor maintenance machine having
US2744212A (en) * 1954-06-04 1956-05-01 Baum David Phonograph attachment for eliminating static electricity from records
US2765975A (en) * 1952-11-29 1956-10-09 Rca Corp Ionic wind generating duct
US2802148A (en) * 1953-04-17 1957-08-06 Waldo E Nutter Automobile seat cover having electrical grounding properties and grounding tape
US2820168A (en) * 1955-05-31 1958-01-14 High Voltage Engineering Corp Electron window
US2858482A (en) * 1954-04-26 1958-10-28 Nutter Waldo Edward Static electricity grounding device
US2885599A (en) * 1955-02-08 1959-05-05 High Voltage Engineering Corp Charge transferring means for electrostatic generators
US3068511A (en) * 1961-02-02 1962-12-18 Plas Tainer Inc Method and apparatus for blow molding plastic material
US3084700A (en) * 1959-04-20 1963-04-09 Robert M Fischer Static removing hair grooming device
US3095523A (en) * 1961-04-10 1963-06-25 James R Stith Means discharging static electricity from hair
US3321703A (en) * 1963-12-09 1967-05-23 Northern Electric Co Method and apparatus for testing a dielectric material in the presence of a gas by moving the material with a sufficient velocity to ionize the gas
US3392311A (en) * 1966-03-01 1968-07-09 Du Pont Method for forming a pellicle into roll form substantially free of electrostatic charges on the surface thereof
US3396917A (en) * 1966-03-01 1968-08-13 Du Pont Method for unwinding rolls
US3474292A (en) * 1966-03-01 1969-10-21 Du Pont Method of reducing electrostatic charges on film structures
US3542633A (en) * 1968-08-13 1970-11-24 Gen Plastics Corp Electrically conductive antistick conveyor belt
US4275888A (en) * 1978-02-01 1981-06-30 Shure Brothers, Inc. Stabilizing and static removing attachment for phonograph pickup cartridge
US4336565A (en) * 1980-08-04 1982-06-22 Xerox Corporation Charge process with a carbon fiber brush electrode
US4350275A (en) * 1980-10-14 1982-09-21 William T. Kuhn Method and apparatus for controlling the speed of a traveling web
US4352143A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-09-28 Kenkichi Uno Device for discharging static electricity and method of producing the same
US4385824A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-05-31 Rca Corporation Static discharge device
US4494166A (en) * 1982-09-21 1985-01-15 Xerox Corporation Printing machine with static elimination system
DE4224698A1 (de) * 1992-07-25 1994-01-27 Kodak Ag Verfahren zur Messung und kontrollierten Neutralisierung von Oberflächenladungen auf Gegenständen
US7017820B1 (en) 2001-02-08 2006-03-28 James Brunner Machine and process for manufacturing a label with a security element

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US777598A (en) * 1904-01-25 1904-12-13 Portland Company Method of removing static electricity from paper, yarn, &c.
US836576A (en) * 1906-11-20 George W Wynant Static discharger.
US878273A (en) * 1906-05-25 1908-02-04 William H Chapman Method of neutralizing static electricity.
US997085A (en) * 1910-03-04 1911-07-04 Silas P Harrington Antistatic friction device.
US1093491A (en) * 1913-03-28 1914-04-14 Static Electro Eradicator Inc Static electric eradicator.
US1394211A (en) * 1917-04-21 1921-10-18 Bertha Webster Apparatus for discharging static charges
FR581695A (fr) * 1924-05-15 1924-12-03 Dispositif pour désélectriser le papier
CH107005A (de) * 1924-01-09 1925-02-02 Kaelin Emil Vorrichtung zur Ableitung der Reibungselektrizität aus dem Papier in Rotationsmaschinen.
US1680310A (en) * 1924-03-29 1928-08-14 Wehrle Charles Static collector for printing presses
US1712294A (en) * 1927-08-01 1929-05-07 Cox William Henry Static absorber
US2023321A (en) * 1934-01-15 1935-12-03 Fred J Gutman Static removing apparatus

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US836576A (en) * 1906-11-20 George W Wynant Static discharger.
US777598A (en) * 1904-01-25 1904-12-13 Portland Company Method of removing static electricity from paper, yarn, &c.
US878273A (en) * 1906-05-25 1908-02-04 William H Chapman Method of neutralizing static electricity.
US997085A (en) * 1910-03-04 1911-07-04 Silas P Harrington Antistatic friction device.
US1093491A (en) * 1913-03-28 1914-04-14 Static Electro Eradicator Inc Static electric eradicator.
US1394211A (en) * 1917-04-21 1921-10-18 Bertha Webster Apparatus for discharging static charges
CH107005A (de) * 1924-01-09 1925-02-02 Kaelin Emil Vorrichtung zur Ableitung der Reibungselektrizität aus dem Papier in Rotationsmaschinen.
US1680310A (en) * 1924-03-29 1928-08-14 Wehrle Charles Static collector for printing presses
FR581695A (fr) * 1924-05-15 1924-12-03 Dispositif pour désélectriser le papier
US1712294A (en) * 1927-08-01 1929-05-07 Cox William Henry Static absorber
US2023321A (en) * 1934-01-15 1935-12-03 Fred J Gutman Static removing apparatus

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2733465A (en) * 1956-02-07 Floor maintenance machine having
US2652879A (en) * 1949-03-23 1953-09-22 Theodore W Keller Bagmaking machine
US2568068A (en) * 1949-12-23 1951-09-18 Webster B Harpman Magnetized grounding electrode
US2765975A (en) * 1952-11-29 1956-10-09 Rca Corp Ionic wind generating duct
US2802148A (en) * 1953-04-17 1957-08-06 Waldo E Nutter Automobile seat cover having electrical grounding properties and grounding tape
US2858482A (en) * 1954-04-26 1958-10-28 Nutter Waldo Edward Static electricity grounding device
US2744212A (en) * 1954-06-04 1956-05-01 Baum David Phonograph attachment for eliminating static electricity from records
US2885599A (en) * 1955-02-08 1959-05-05 High Voltage Engineering Corp Charge transferring means for electrostatic generators
US2820168A (en) * 1955-05-31 1958-01-14 High Voltage Engineering Corp Electron window
US3084700A (en) * 1959-04-20 1963-04-09 Robert M Fischer Static removing hair grooming device
US3068511A (en) * 1961-02-02 1962-12-18 Plas Tainer Inc Method and apparatus for blow molding plastic material
US3095523A (en) * 1961-04-10 1963-06-25 James R Stith Means discharging static electricity from hair
US3321703A (en) * 1963-12-09 1967-05-23 Northern Electric Co Method and apparatus for testing a dielectric material in the presence of a gas by moving the material with a sufficient velocity to ionize the gas
US3392311A (en) * 1966-03-01 1968-07-09 Du Pont Method for forming a pellicle into roll form substantially free of electrostatic charges on the surface thereof
US3396917A (en) * 1966-03-01 1968-08-13 Du Pont Method for unwinding rolls
US3474292A (en) * 1966-03-01 1969-10-21 Du Pont Method of reducing electrostatic charges on film structures
US3542633A (en) * 1968-08-13 1970-11-24 Gen Plastics Corp Electrically conductive antistick conveyor belt
US4275888A (en) * 1978-02-01 1981-06-30 Shure Brothers, Inc. Stabilizing and static removing attachment for phonograph pickup cartridge
US4352143A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-09-28 Kenkichi Uno Device for discharging static electricity and method of producing the same
US4336565A (en) * 1980-08-04 1982-06-22 Xerox Corporation Charge process with a carbon fiber brush electrode
US4350275A (en) * 1980-10-14 1982-09-21 William T. Kuhn Method and apparatus for controlling the speed of a traveling web
US4385824A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-05-31 Rca Corporation Static discharge device
US4494166A (en) * 1982-09-21 1985-01-15 Xerox Corporation Printing machine with static elimination system
DE4224698A1 (de) * 1992-07-25 1994-01-27 Kodak Ag Verfahren zur Messung und kontrollierten Neutralisierung von Oberflächenladungen auf Gegenständen
US7017820B1 (en) 2001-02-08 2006-03-28 James Brunner Machine and process for manufacturing a label with a security element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR968448A (fr) 1950-11-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2449972A (en) Elimination of static electricity
US2333213A (en) Static eliminator
US4092543A (en) Electrostatic neutralizer with balanced ion emission
US3757164A (en) Neutralizing device
EP0783256B1 (fr) Dispositif de traitement des cheveux
GB2030008A (en) Capacitively coupled static eliminator with high voltage shield
US3120626A (en) Shockless static eliminator
JPH0416920B2 (fr)
US5949635A (en) Ionizer for static electricity neutralization
US3619615A (en) Method and apparatus for controlling electric charges on moving webs
ES455359A1 (es) Un sistema mejorado para ionizar aire que pasa a traves de un conducto metalico.
US2303321A (en) Method and apparatus for discharging electricity
US3921037A (en) Moving web energized static eliminator and method
US7479615B2 (en) Wide range static neutralizer and method
US3742237A (en) A. c. corona charging apparatus
US4502091A (en) Positive and negative ion distributor bar
US3541329A (en) Negative corona device with means for producing a repelling electrostatic field
US3048720A (en) Charging system for electrostatic generators
US20140185179A1 (en) Self-contained static electricity drain
US2207677A (en) Neutralizing apparatus
US3256450A (en) Electrostatic generator
US3348041A (en) Apparatus for the corona discharge treatment of plastic surfaces having an adjustable length electrode assembly
US2548093A (en) Apparatus for dielectric heating
GB1211442A (en) Charging apparatus
Plesa et al. The original patented corona multithreaded electrode, for rotating cylinder electroseparators