Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
  • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/284—Esters of aromatic monocarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
  • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
  • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2215/067—Polyaryl amine alkanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
  • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy

Definitions

• This invention relates to an improved lubricating grease composition and particularly to a texture-stable lithium base grease and methods of preparing the same.
• lithium base greases prepared from saturated fats or fatty acids, possessa high melting point and are Water-resistant. These properties are particularly desirable in that. they permit lubrication ,over a wide temperature range and minimize the solubilizing or leaching effect of water and moisture condensation on the grease.
• these greases there are certain diifficulties associated with the production of these greases,
• a slurry of a lithium soap, such as the stearate, which is either preformed or prepared in situ, and a mineral oil are heated to temperatures of around 360-500 F. until a homogeneous solution is obtained.
• This solution of lithium soap in oil is then drawn from the kettle and allowed to cool in open pans until a gel structure is set up. The cooled gel is. then subjected to a milling operation where it is homogenized to a homogeneous grease composition. It becomes quite apparent that the effi ciency and economies of such a method of manufacture are quite poor, due to the high tempera-.
• lithiumbase grease composition of exceptional texture and oxidation stability which is capable of continued operation under conditions of high shearing stresses with negligible change in structure and very little change in consistency, together with an eflicient and economical method of preparation which requires a minimum of equipment, provides an accurate control of consistency and yield of product, and is operated at temperatures attainable in a steam-jacketed kettle.
• the invention contemplates the use of a soap-forming hydroxy fatty acid glyceride as the acidic component in the preparation of a lithium base grease composition. It has been found that a lithium soap grease prepared from a hydroxy fatty acid glyceride possesses exceptional texture stability and maintains its structure with little change in penetration even after extensive working at either high or low temperatures. Furthermore, the hydroxy fatty acid glyceride permits the use of a simple low temperature method of preparation as distinguished from the high temperature complex methods required by the use of other well-known fats and fatty 'acids.
• the preparation of the grease is carried out by saponifying a soap-forming hydroxy fatty acid glyceride with a basic lithium compound, dehydrating the reaction product, and adding mineral oil until the desired consistency is obtained.
• The-total operation is easily conducted in a steam-jacketed open kettle andthe resulting finished lithiumbase grease requires no homogenization or further treatment prior to actual use.
• the hydroxy fatty acid glyceride's used in accordance with the invention are the glycerides of hydroxy fatty acids containing 12 or more carbon atoms and one or'more hydroxyl radicals which are separated from the carboxyl group by at least one carbon atom. These glycerides may either be used as the sole acidic component of the lithium soap or in combination with other fats or fatty acids, in which case the hydroxy fatty acid glycerides are preferably present in a predominant amount. In" the latter case, the
• the encased 3 tion or the preformed lithium soaps thereof may be blended in the desired proportions.
• hydrogenated castor oil is used as the representative soap-forming hydroxy fatty acid glyceride.
• hydrogenated castor oil possesses the advantage of availability and cost which renders it competitive to the more common fats and fatty acids.
• the invention is not limited to hydrogenated castor oil and that other soapforming hydroxy fatty acid glycerides may be used in accordance with the invention. Examples of such glycerides are the glycerides of the hydroxy fatty acids produced by catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbon oils and waxes which have been extracted and fractionated to the de sired molecular range.
• the oil component of the subject grease compositions may be either a mineral oil, a synthetic oil, or an organic oily medium, such as the benzoate or phthalate esters. with a wide range of viscosities, depending upon the type of lubrication required of the finished grease.
• an oil component possessing a viscosity in the range of 40-70 S. U. S. at 100 F., a low pour point, and a viscosity index of 30 or more is preferred.
• the soap content may also be varied in accordance with the grade or consistency desired. Normally, the soap content of the lithium base grease of the invention possessing an ASTM penetration in the range of 300450 varies between 10-20% soap.
• an oxidation inhibitor must be used.
• the aromatic amine type of inhibitor has been found particularly effective.
• the polynuclear aromatic amines such as tetrarnethyl diamino diphenyl methane, diphenyl amine, and phenyl alpha naphthylamine are preferred.
• a steam-jacketed open kettle is charged with a mixture of lithium hydroxide and water and heated with stirring to 160-180 F. until all the lithium hydroxide is dissolved.
• the required amount of hydrogenated castor oil in equal weight of oil is then added and stirring is continued for three to five hours at 170-200 F., or until the hydrogenated castor oil is completely saponifled.
• the kettle contents are then heated within the effect the dehydration of the saponified product at temperatln'es above 270 F. At temperatures of around 270 F. it is necessary to heat for several hours in order to cause the soap mass to become translucent and lose its cloudy-white appearance, whereas at temperatures of around 300 F. a shorter dehydration time may be used. At lower 4 temperatures the yields of the product fall 0! materially.
• the grease prepared in the foregoing example was subjected to a so-called dynamic shear test. This test was conducted in an apparatus consisting of a perforated piston reciprocating within a closed cylinder maintained at a constant temperature. In the test the grease was charged to the cylinder maintained at a temperature of 225 F., and the piston then.
• A may be seen from the comparative results soap of a soap-forming hydroxy fatty acid glyceride as the essential soap constituent thereof,
• said method enabling the use of temperatures attainable in a steam-jacketed kettle without fire hazard, which comprises saponifying with a basic obtained, the lithium soap grease prepared from hydrogenated castor oil possesses a structure which does not break down under the severe conditions of the test and. if anything, formed a tighter grease structure which accounts for the harder consistency. This phenomenon is characteristic of the lithium soap greases prepared from hydroxy fatty acid giycerides.
• the lithium stearate grease which is representative of the conventional fats and fatty acids, breaks down to a liquid or semi-liquid product.
• a method of preparing a low temperature geltype lithium base grease containing a lithium lithium compound at a temperature within the range of about Nil-200 F. of a soap-forming hydroxy fatty acid glyceride in the presence of a small proportion of the oleaginous vehicle included in the grease then raising the temperature of the saponified product to about 270-330 F. to dehydrate the product and render the same translucent, thereafter reducing the temperature and adding the balance and large proportion of the oleaginous vehicle as the product cools and the desired consistency is attained, and finally drawing the resultant gel-type grease as a final product.
• the hydroxy fatty acid glyceride is hydrogenated castor oil
• the oleaginous vehicle comprises a mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity within the range of -70 S. U. S.,at F.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (12)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (4)

• 1944
  • 1944-08-10 US US548940A patent/US2450254A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1945
  • 1945-10-04 GB GB25803/45A patent/GB601346A/en not_active Expired
  • 1945-11-08 FR FR917111D patent/FR917111A/fr not_active Expired

Patent Citations (4)

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