US2450733A - Power transmission - Google Patents

Power transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
US2450733A
US2450733A US636339A US63633945A US2450733A US 2450733 A US2450733 A US 2450733A US 636339 A US636339 A US 636339A US 63633945 A US63633945 A US 63633945A US 2450733 A US2450733 A US 2450733A
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United States
Prior art keywords
motor
valve
pilot valve
fluid
port
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Expired - Lifetime
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US636339A
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English (en)
Inventor
Albert M Lane
Kingston V Kirkpatrick
Robert A Erskine
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Vickers Inc
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Vickers Inc
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Publication date
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Priority to US636339A priority Critical patent/US2450733A/en
Priority to FR937863D priority patent/FR937863A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2450733A publication Critical patent/US2450733A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/02Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work- tables
    • B24B47/06Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work- tables by liquid or gas pressure only
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L25/00Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means
    • F01L25/02Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means by fluid means
    • F01L25/04Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means by fluid means by working-fluid of machine or engine, e.g. free-piston machine
    • F01L25/06Arrangements with main and auxiliary valves, at least one of them being fluid-driven
    • F01L25/063Arrangements with main and auxiliary valves, at least one of them being fluid-driven the auxiliary valve being actuated by the working motor-piston or piston-rod

Definitions

  • This invention relates to power transmissions
  • This invention is more particularly concerned with imparting a reciprocating movement to a reversible fluid motor to which is mechanically attached a load device, such as a slide or table of a grinding machine, and automatically controlling such movement so as to provide a uniformly controlled stopping and restarting of the motor at a predetermined point together with a smooth acceleration and deceleration of saidl motor.
  • the slide or table may carry a clamped- Work piece to and from 'a stationary grinding tool or may carry the grinding tool to and from a stationary work piece.
  • Fig.l 1' is a diagram-matic view of a' hydraulic transmission incorporating a preferred form of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic-view of the same hydraulic transmission shown in Figure 1 but ing motion to the motor, and some means must be provided for automatically reversing the motor at the end of each stroke until the work piece has been ground to the required size.
  • a pump I0 which may be driven by an electric motor I2.
  • Pump I0 is connected'to a tank I4 b y a suctionrconduit I6 and connected to a pressure port.
  • I8 of a unitary control panel 28 by means of a delivery conduit 22.
  • Panel 20 also has a tank port 24 connected to tank I4 by means of a conduit 26 and motor ports 28 and 38 connectedfio 'opposite ends of a reversible fluid motor 32-fby means of conduits 34 and 38.
  • f 1;-1
  • a combined flow control and relief valve 38 y which serves the dual purpose of regulating the amount ⁇ of fluid Aflowing to motor 32 from pump Ill so as x to regulate the speed of motor 32 and also limits the pressure in conduit 22 to a'- predetermined maximum by exhausting' excessive fluid under pressure to tank I4 by means of an exhaust conduit'40.
  • Valve 38 is well known in the prior art 'y and preferably is constructed in accordance with motor which contains a minimumnumber of opcratlng controls and parts for automatically producing and controlling a continuous reciprocating movement' of saidmotor.
  • Amanuallyoperated, two-way control valve 42 is connected to valve 38 by means of va conduit 44 and to tank I4 by means of a conduit 46 so as to provide a 'controlling means to 4vent the control chamber of vvalve 38 to tankI4 in order to completely unload pump I0 to stop motor 32 at the end of an operation or to lclose said vent in order to start said motor at the beginning of an operation.
  • ' Panel 28 consists of a body 48 containing a longitudinal bore in which is shiftable a pilot valve 52 and a longitudinal bore 54 in which' is shiftable a reversing valve 56.
  • Reversing valve 56 is comprised of a spool 58 having grooves 68 and 62 to the left and right of its central porftion, grooves G4 and 68 spaced apart from grooves ⁇ IIl and 62, respectively, and grooves 68 and 'Ill spaced apart from grooves 64 and 56 and located near each end of spool-58.
  • Spaced along bore 54 is a pressure port 12, motor ports 14 and 16 and return ports 18 and 80.
  • Spool 56 has duplicate longitudinal bores v82 and 84 extending from each end thereof to duplicate radial passages 86 and 88.
  • Reversing valve 56 is adapted to be operated by huid pressure admitted alternately to chambers 80 and 82 located in bore 54 at each extreme end of spool 58.
  • a passage 84 in communication with chamber 80 and a passage 86 in communication with chamber 82 Ahave duplicate check valves 88 and
  • 08 is connected to pressure port I8 and branches so as to connect to similar ports and
  • 8 not only intersects bore 54 at reversing valve pressure port 12 -but also branches to connect tc similar ports
  • 4 may be closed beyond the pressure port 12 at a point indicated by the numeral I
  • 22 connect the return ports 18 and 80 of reversing valve 56 with duplicate pilot valve return ports
  • 42 connect duplicate ports
  • 48 is in' communication with an enlarged recess
  • Passages 84 and 86 which are connected to chambers 80 and 82, respectively, oi reversing valve 56 are connected to similar ports
  • Pilot valve 52 consists of a spool
  • 60 has two identical stepped bores
  • 62 is in communication with a chamber
  • connect similar ports
  • 14 are mountedin bores
  • 66 are adapted to alternately gradually close pilot valve return ports
  • Grooves 60 and 82 of valve spool 58 control the delivery of fluid to and from motor 32 by directing uid to the motor through pressure port 12 alternately to motor ⁇ ports 14 and 16 and to tank I4 by) directing fluid returning from the motor 32' through either motor ports 14 or 16 to return ports 80 or 18.
  • the reversing valve return ports 18 and 80 are connected to the pilot valve return ports
  • Groove 64 of spool 58 controls the ports I
  • 84 which are connected to reversing valve ports
  • 18 will register with port
  • 0 of spool 58 merely permit the passage of fluid to either chamber
  • pilot valve 52 When pilot valve 52 is initially mechanically operated and completely operated hydraulically, grooves 10 and 68'of spool 58 will di- 4 rect iluid discharging from chambers
  • 60 control the admission of pressure iluid to passages 84 and 86 in order to control the operation of reversing valve 56.
  • 88 is a rotatable shaft to which is rigidly fastened two arms
  • Motor 32 contains a piston
  • Adjustably mounted on slide 200 is a pair of dogs 202 and 204.
  • 84 and dogs 202 and 204 are located in such a plane that, after a certain leftward range of movement of piston
  • Substitute means for operating pilot valve 52 entirely by pressure fluid are provided by external connections 205 and 208 which are normally 5 f plugged. If for some reason it is undesirable to produce the snap action of pilot valve 52 by pressure fluid directly from pump I0, a different source of -pressure fluid may be connected to the external entrance 2
  • control valve 42 If control valve 42 is shifted so as to block the control vent of valve 88, pump delivery will be directed by means of delivery vconduit 22 through valve 88 'to the pressure port I8 of valve 20.
  • 96 of motor 82 has already completed a rightward movement, and pilot valve 52 and reversing valve 56 have been operated completely so as to direct fluid to motor 82 to shift piston
  • Pressure fluid from pump I0 entering pressure port I8 is directed by reversing valve 56 because of groove
  • Pressure fluid entering pressure port I8 also enters passage I I4 and by means of groove
  • valve 88 so as to regulate the speed of piston
  • A's pilot valve 52 shifts rightward, cut-away portion
  • pilot valve 521s While pilot valve 521s shifted rightward, fluid in chamber
  • Pilot valve 62 will begin to shift to the left as dictated by the speed of piston
  • 62 thereof are supplied with fluidv in the same manner as bore
  • 64 and chamber has a free outlet to tank I 4 by means of passage
  • This snap-action completion of operation of pilot valve 62 results in return port
  • pilot valve 62 is initially operated by mechanical means, that is, contact of either dog 204 with arm
  • pilot valve 62 is rapidly completed by means of pressure fluid so as to take advantage of the greatest amount of sealing overlap, preventing overtravel of piston
  • the rst step of operation of the pilot valve is controlled relative to the speed of the motor in order t'o gradually close a pilot valve returnport through which uid is returning from the motor.
  • the second step of operation of the pilot valve namely, rapid movement thereof to a point of completion of operationl followed by the first step of operation of the reversing valve, namely, rapid movement thereof to the point of changeover of the reversing valve ports, may be considered as intermediate steps of operation.
  • the second step of operation of the reversing valve namely, a movement thereof controlled by an adjustable restriction during the changeover of the lreversing valve ports, is thev final step of operation.
  • the rst step of operation of the pilot valve results in a smooth, controlled deceleration of the motor, while the second step of operation of tro led acceleration ofthe motor.
  • substitute means have been provided i'or operating pilot valve 02 completely by fluid pressure, in which case dogs 202 and 204,
  • pilot valve 62 may be connected into exter ⁇ nal port 2
  • connections are provided for such a purpose at ports 2
  • a first shiftable valve element,v means thereon for controlling the cut-oil of return fluid from the motor
  • a second shiftable valve element means thereon for controlling the reversal of the supply and return connections to the motor
  • means operated bythe motor for shifting the first element at a controlled speed to an intermediate position
  • a flrst shiftable valve element In a hydraulic power transmission system having a pump and a fluid motor and supply and return connections for the motor, the combination of' a flrst shiftable valve element, means thereon for controlling the cut-oil of return fluid from the motor, a second shiftable valve element, means thereon for controlling the reversal of the supply and return connections to the motor, and
  • a hydraulic .power transmission system having a pump and a fluid motor and supply and returnv connections for the motor, the 'combination of a hydraulically-operated, shiftable valve spool, means thereon for controlling the reversal ⁇ of thesupply and return connections tothe motor, a shiftable-valve element, means operated by the motor for automatically mechanically shifting the valve element at' a controlled speed to an intermediate position, means vcontrolled bythe valve element during the controlledspeed movement thereof for gradually cutting oil the flow of return fluid from the motor.
  • means for hydraulically sliifting the,valve element rapidly through the remainder of its stroke means controlled by the valve element for directing fluid to and from the valve spool for operating the' latter.
  • means for permitting a rapid shifting ofthe valve spool to an intermediate position, and means for oon produce a reciprocal movement thereof at .the
  • valve element for directing fluid to andfrom the valve spool for operating the latter, means for trolling the speed of the valve spool through the remainder of its stroke.
  • a shii'tabie valve element means operated by the motor for automaticallyy mechanicallyl shifting the valve Aelement at a controlled speed to an intermediateposltion, means controlled by the valve element during the controlled speed movement thereof for gradually cutting oil' the flow of return fluidfrom the motor.
  • means controlled by the valverelement for hydraulically shifting the valve element rapidly through the repermitting a rapid shifting of the valve spool'to an intermediate position, and means for controlling the speed of the .valveI spool through the remainder of its stroke during the reversal of the supply and return connections to the motor.
  • a unitary control panel for use in a hydraulic power transmission having a uid pump and reversible fluid motor for causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing cycles and comprising in combination, a body, a rst shiftable valve element mounted therein, said first valve element including return ports through' which uid Vis 4adapted to flow from the motor, means on said first valve element for blocking said returnports.
  • a secondshiftable valve element mounted in the body, means thereon for directing uid to and from said motor, means operated by the motor .for shifting the first element at a controlled speed to an intermediate position, means for shifting the first element rapidly through the remainder of its stroke, means controlled by the first element for initiating a rapid movement of the second eleb 1i ment to an intermediate position, and means'for causing ⁇ the shifting of the second element through the remainder oi' its stroke to take place at a controlled speed.
  • a unitary control. panel for use in a hydraulic power transmission having a fluid pump and reversible fluid motor for causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing-cycles and comprising in combination, a body, a first shiftable valvev element mounted therein.
  • said rst valve element including return f ports through which fluid is adapted to flow from the motor, means on said iirstj valve element for blocking autogas l2 ation thereof for gradually closing a return port through which fluid is owing from the motor, means controlled by the pilot valve for rapidly r ompleting the operation thereof by pressure iluid Just before said return port is completely blocked,
  • a reversing valve an adjustable restriction for controlling the speed of operation of the reversing said return ports, a second shiitable valve element mounted in the bodykmeans thereon for directing fluid to and from said motor, and means forshifting each valve element in two separate steps, each step being under independent control.
  • a unitary control panel for use in a hydraulic power transmission having a uid pump and reversible fluid motor for causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing cycles and comprising in combination, a body, a pilot valve valve,A means forming a bypass around said restrlction, and means controlled by the reversing valve closing said bypass after a predetermined trolling said reversing valve, means for automatireciprocably mounted therein, said pilot valve including return ports through which uid is adapted to flow from the motor, means for ini- .tially mechanically operating the pilot valve vat each end of themotor stroke, means controlled by the pilot valve during initial mechanical operation thereof for gradually closing a return port through which fluid is flowing from the motor, means controlled by the pilot valve for rapidly completing the operation thereof by pressure duid after a predetermined range of mechanical movement thereof, and a iluid pressure operated reversing valve reciprocably mounted Ain said body controlled by the pilot valve for directing fluid to and from said motor.
  • a unitary control panel for use in a hydraulic power transmission having a uid pump and reversible uid motor for causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing cycles and comprising in combination, a body, a pilot valve reciprocably mounted therein, said pilot valve including return ports through which fluid is adapted to flow-from the motor, means for initially mechanically operating'the pilot valve at .each end of the motor stroke, means controlled by the pilot valve during initial mechanical operation thereof for gradually closing a return port through which fluid is owing from the motor, means controlled by the pilot valve for rapidly completing the operation thereof by pressure fluid after a predetermined range of mechanical movement thereof, a-fluid pressure operated reversing valve reciprocably mounted in said body controlled by the pilot valve for directing fluid to and from said motor, means for regulating the speed oi' operation of the reversing valve, means forming a bypass around said regulating means causing'rapid movement of the yreversing valve, and
  • a unitary control panel for use in a hyl draulic power transmission having a iiuid pump and reversible fluid motor for causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing cycles-and comprising in combination, a body, a pilot valve reciprocably mounted therein; said pilot valve cally mechanically initiating operation of the pilot valve by the motor near the end of each motor stroke, and fluid pressure means controlled by the pilot valve for rapidly completing the operation oi' the pilot valve after a predetermined range of mechanical movement of said pilot valve.
  • a hydraulic transmission system the combination of a fluid pump, a reversible fluid motor, iluid supply and return connections between said pump and motor, and a control system contained within a panel in said connections for automatically causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing cycles,.said control system comprising a iluid pressure operated reversing valve for alternately directing fluid to and from opposite ends of said motor, means for regulating the speed of operation of the reversing valve,
  • a hydraulic transmission system the combination of a fluid pump, a reversible-fluid motor, fluid supply and return connections between said pump and motor, and a control system contained within a panel in said connections for automatically causing the mot r to operate in .alternately reversing cycles, said control system comprising a iluid pressure operated reversing valve for alternately directing fluid to and from opposite ends of said motor.
  • pilot valve- V for controlling said reversing valve
  • said pilot valve- V including return ports through which fluid is including return ports through which fluid is U adapted to ow from the motor
  • means for automatically initiating operation of the pilot valve by the motor near the end of each motor stroke means controlled by the pilot valve during initial mechanical movement thereof for gradually closing a return port through which fluid is return- ⁇ ing from the motor
  • fluid pressure means controlled by ,the pilot valve for rapidly completing the operation of the pilot valve after a predetermined range of mechanical movement of said pilot valve.
  • control system comprising a iluid pressure operated reversa ing valve for alternately directing iluid to and4 from opposite ends of saidmotor, an adjustable restriction for regulating the speed of operation accorse combination of anula-pump, a reversible fluid 14 during initial mechanical .operation for4 gradually closing a pilot valve return port through which fluid is returning from the motor through a rel versing valve return'port, means controlled by the pilot valve after a.
  • predetermined rangeoi mechanical'l movement for alternately opening a pressure chamber connection and rapidly completing the operation oi.' the pilot valve byv fluid ofthe reversing valve, means forming a bypass e around said adjustable restriction for producing rapid initial operation oi' sa'ld reversing valve.
  • y f means controlled by thg reversing valve for closing said bypass to cause said restriction to become effective after a predetermined range of rapid movement of said reversing valve, a pilot valve for controlling said reversing valve, means -for automatically mechanically initiating operation of the pilot valve by the motor near the end of eachA motor stroke, and iluid pressure means controlled by the pilot valve for rapidly completing theoperation ofthe pilot valve aftery a predetermined range oi mechanical movemen of said pilot valve.
  • a unitary control panel for use in' a hy' draulic power transmission having a. fluid pump and reversible uid motor for causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing cycles and comprising in combination, a valve block, a pilot valve reciprocably mounted therein, said pilot valve including return ports through which iluid is adapted to ilow from the motor, iluidpressure chambers at opposite ends of said pilot valve, connections for said chambers, a passage adapted to be connected to a source of pressure in pressure, whereby the pilot valve return port through which iluid is returning from the motor is suddenly completely blocked, an adjustable restriction for controlling the speed of operation of the reversing valve, means forming a bypass around said restriction for permitting rapid movement of the reversing valve, and means controlled by the reversing valve closing said bypass after a predetermined range of rapid movement thereof causingsaid restriction to become effective.
  • a pump a reversible fluid motor', fluid supply and return connections between ⁇ the .pump and motor, land a control system contained within a panel in said connections for automatically causing the motor to operate in alternately 'reversing cycles, said control s'ystem-comprising a iluid pressure operated rethe 'system and to said connections, a iluid pressure operated reversing valve reciprocably mounted within said valveblock controlled by said pilot valve for directing iluid to and from said motor, said reversing valve including duplicate return-ports connected by passages to said pilot valve return ports, means for mechanically initiating operation of the pilot valve near each V ,end of the motor stroke, means controlled by the pilot valve during initial mechanical operation for gradually closing a pilot valve return port through which'fluld is returning from the motor through a reversing valve return port.
  • control system comprising a .fluid pressure operated reversing valve for reversing the flow of fluid to the moand means controlledl by the pilot valve after a Y predetermined range of mechanical movement for alternately opening a pressure chamber con-v nection and rapidly completing the operation of the pilot valve by iluid pressure.
  • a unitary control panel for use-in a hydraulic power transmission having a fluidv pump and reversible iluid motor for causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing cycles and comprising in combination, a valve block, a pilot valve reciprocably mounted therein, said pilot valve including'r'eturn ports through which fluid is adapted to iiow i'rom the motor, fluid pressure chambers at opposite ends oi.' saidpilot valve, connections for said chambers, a passage adapted to be connected to a source of pressure in the' system and to said connections, a fluid pressure operated reversing valve reciprocably mounted Awithin said valve block controlled by said pilot valve for directing fluid to and from said motor, said reversing valve including duplicate return 'ports' connected by passages to said -pilot valve Areturn ports, means for mechanically initiating operation of the pilot valve near each end of the motor stroke, means controlled by the pilot valve 18.
  • control system contained within a' panell in said connections for automatically causing the motor to operate in alternately reversing cycles, said control system comprising a iluid pressure'operated reversing valve for reversingthe ow of uid to the motor, a pilot valve for controlling said reversing valve,
  • adjustable restriction for regulating the speed of the reversing valve, 'means forming a bypass around said restriction, and means for closing said bypass after a predetermined range oimovement oi' the reversing valve, said reversing valve restarting and providing a smooth acceleration of said motor.
  • a unitary control panel for use in a hydraulic power transmission having a iiuid pump and reversible iluid motor for causing the motor to ⁇ operate in alternately lreversing 'cycles and comprising in combination, a reciprocable pilot valve, said pilot valve including return ports through which fluid is adapted to flow from the motor, a reversing -valve adapted tol be operated by uid pressure and controlled by the pilot valve, said reversing valve including pressure and motor connections and return ports in communication with the pilot valve return ports, means adapted for initial mechanical operation of the stroke.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
US636339A 1945-12-21 1945-12-21 Power transmission Expired - Lifetime US2450733A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US636339A US2450733A (en) 1945-12-21 1945-12-21 Power transmission
FR937863D FR937863A (fr) 1945-12-21 1946-12-17 Transmission de puissance

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US937863XA 1945-12-21 1945-12-21
US636339A US2450733A (en) 1945-12-21 1945-12-21 Power transmission

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2625913A (en) * 1947-01-18 1953-01-20 Joy Mfg Co High-pressure fluid hydraulic propulsion system having means for avoiding shocks
US2635428A (en) * 1948-08-09 1953-04-21 Rockwell Mfg Co Control means for hydraulic pump and motor systems
US2802458A (en) * 1953-10-22 1957-08-13 Gen Motors Corp Fluid motor
US3014459A (en) * 1958-08-20 1961-12-26 Gen Motors Corp Reciprocating motion device
DE1159889B (de) * 1959-05-15 1963-12-27 Karl Hack Fa Vorschubvorrichtung fuer eine Drahtverarbeitungsmaschine mit hydraulisch verschiebbarem Einzugsschlitten

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2237871A (en) * 1938-12-09 1941-04-08 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Stoker drive
US2267177A (en) * 1937-10-07 1941-12-23 Vickers Inc Power transmission
US2303946A (en) * 1938-12-10 1942-12-01 Vickers Inc Power transmission

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2267177A (en) * 1937-10-07 1941-12-23 Vickers Inc Power transmission
US2237871A (en) * 1938-12-09 1941-04-08 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Stoker drive
US2303946A (en) * 1938-12-10 1942-12-01 Vickers Inc Power transmission

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2625913A (en) * 1947-01-18 1953-01-20 Joy Mfg Co High-pressure fluid hydraulic propulsion system having means for avoiding shocks
US2635428A (en) * 1948-08-09 1953-04-21 Rockwell Mfg Co Control means for hydraulic pump and motor systems
US2802458A (en) * 1953-10-22 1957-08-13 Gen Motors Corp Fluid motor
US3014459A (en) * 1958-08-20 1961-12-26 Gen Motors Corp Reciprocating motion device
DE1159889B (de) * 1959-05-15 1963-12-27 Karl Hack Fa Vorschubvorrichtung fuer eine Drahtverarbeitungsmaschine mit hydraulisch verschiebbarem Einzugsschlitten

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Publication number Publication date
FR937863A (fr) 1948-08-30

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