US2499142A - Heat setting of textile fabrics - Google Patents

Heat setting of textile fabrics Download PDF

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Publication number
US2499142A
US2499142A US38713A US3871348A US2499142A US 2499142 A US2499142 A US 2499142A US 38713 A US38713 A US 38713A US 3871348 A US3871348 A US 3871348A US 2499142 A US2499142 A US 2499142A
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Prior art keywords
heating
fabric
web
cooling
roll
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US38713A
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English (en)
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Weldon G Helmus
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FAIR LAWN FINISHING Co
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FAIR LAWN FINISHING Co
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Application filed by FAIR LAWN FINISHING Co filed Critical FAIR LAWN FINISHING Co
Priority to US38713A priority Critical patent/US2499142A/en
Priority to FR970982D priority patent/FR970982A/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C29/00—Finishing or dressing, of textile fabrics, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C2700/00—Finishing or decoration of textile materials, except for bleaching, dyeing, printing, mercerising, washing or fulling
    • D06C2700/09—Various apparatus for drying textiles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/21—Nylon

Definitions

  • Wkldon 6 Helmus gwd Feb. 28, 1950 w. a.
  • HELMUS HEAT SETTING OF TEXTILE FABRICS 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 14 19 Feb. 28, 1950 w.
  • G HELMUS HEAT SETTING OF TEXTILE FABRICS 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed July 14.
  • This invention relates to new and useful improvements in the heat setting of textile fab rics and is a continuation-in-part of my copending application, Serial No. 790,679, filed Decembe1'9, 1947.
  • a setting" treatment is resorted to.
  • the hitherto proposed method and devices for the setting of polyamide fabrics are relatively cumbersome and inefficient in commercial operation, do not yield desirably uniform results, and require a relatively high amount of skill on the part of the operator. They do not readily lend themselves to the desired accurate maintenance and control of the relatively critical operating conditions required for a satisfactory setting of poiyamide fibers and are encumbered by a relativeiy low operational output usually not materiaily exceeding 4-5 yards per minute.
  • One object of the instant invention comprises, inter alia, the eflicient, high speed, heat treatment of textile materials and particularly the heat setting of textile materials containing or consisting of polyamides.
  • Another object of the invention comprises the efficient high-speed heat treatment of webs of textile material and particularly the heat setting of such webs of textile materials containing or consisting of polyamide fibers.
  • a further object of the invention comprises the eificient high speed heat setting of preformed textile materials containing or consisting of polyamide fibers and particularly the heat setting of womens hosiery containing or consisting of poly-amide fibers.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional front view, partly broken away, of the construction shown in Fig. 2, and viewed in the plane I--I thereof, and permitting the carrying out of one embodiment of the invention;
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of the construction shown in Fig. 1 in the plane II-II thereof, showing additionally the front portion of the device as well as cooling, feed and take-up arrangements;
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of part of the construe tion shown in Figs. 1 and 2 with part of the side of the outer housing broken away:
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of part of the construction shown in Fig. 2 in the plane IV-IV thereof;
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are side and top views respcctiveiy illustrating details of the driving arrangement for the rollers and scrolls forming part of the construction shown in the preceding figures;
  • Fig. 7 is a top view showing. details of part of the driving arrangement for the cooling and pick-up roll as illustrated in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 8 is a side view, partly in cross section and partly broken away, of a further construction permitting the carrying out of another enrbodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a top view of the construction shown in Fig. 8, partly in cross section and partly broken away;
  • Fig. represents a cross sectional end view of part of the construction illustrated in Fig. ll viewed in the plane X- K thereof;
  • Fig. 11 is a side view of a still further con truction, partly in cross section and partly broken away, permitting the carrying out of the invention:
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of part of the construction shown in Fig. ll viewed in the plane XII-XII thereof;
  • Fig. 13 is a side view, partly in cross section and partly broken away, of still another interns. tive construction permitting the carrying out of a further embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a front view of the construction shown in Fig. 13, partly in cross section and partly broken away;
  • Fig. 15 illustrates a perspective view of one of the high velocity heating gas chambers and noznle surface thereof shown in Figs. 13 and 14.
  • a heat-settable textile material is substantially continuously passed through a heating zone. and preferably substantially at a rate of travel of about 36-144 yards per minute linear speed, substantially continuously directing high velocity heatin: gas current, preferably of the order of mag nitude in excess of 400 feet per minute, of a predetermined heat-setting temperature for said material and preferably of about BOO-500 F'., (preferably for polyamide material about 400-475 F.) onto said material, while traveling through said heating zone and substantially over a length of travel of said material in said zone to substantially expose each portion thereof to said heating gas current for from i to 10 seconds, and preferably subjecting said material to cooling upon passing out of said heating zone.
  • the traveling web should be subjected to heating within the heating zone from both sides thereof. If one face of the fabric rests on or moves over a support or hacking surface. supporting the fabric web substantially in its entire width between the self-edges. thereof, that backing surface should be heated to the predetermined heat-setting temperature for the particular material to be treated, in which case the high velocity heating gas current is only applied to one side of the movin fabric web. Alternatively, if one face of the fabric is not so supported.
  • high velocity heating gas current is supplied to both faces of the traveling fabric web.
  • the application of the heating gas current to but one side of the fabric web, and particularly one of light weight material. may tend to produce sagging.
  • the preferred application of the high velocity heating gas current to a moving fabric web is substantially in a direction transverse to the surface thereof.
  • the direction of the heating gas current is essentially in a plane or planes substantially radial to the circumference of the roll.
  • the pieces are passed through the heating zone on setting forms secured to an endlessly traveling carrier preferably moving substantially at a rate of travel of about 36-144 yards per minute linear speed.
  • the heating gas current is then substantially continuously directed within the heating zone from opposite sides thereof onto the iorm-supported pieces of material as they move through the heating zone, to impinge upon substantially all sides of the pieces.
  • the preferred application of the heating gas current is substantially at an angle and preferably at an angle of 45 with the direction of travel of the form-supported material through the heating zone.
  • heat-settable fabric or similar expression used herein is intended to designate any textile material containing or consisting of fibers capable of being set (i. e. fixed) by the application of heat. into desired condition of modified characteristics.
  • Figs. 1 to '7 inclusive illustrate one form of device useful in carrying out my novel method.
  • two rolls I and 2 respectively are mounted within an outer housing 3.
  • a branched housing 1 is mounted within the outer housing 3 and extends into curved branches defining the ducts 5 and 5a.
  • the inner surfaces 8 and 6a of ducts 5 and 5a define a heating space above the corresponding surface portions of the rolls l and 2.
  • the inner surfaces 6 and 6a. of the ducts 5 and to carry the nozzles 1 and la extending longitudinally of the surfaces of their respective rolls.
  • the ends of the ducts 5 and 5a are curved downwardly ending in nozzles B and la. Bellies 9.
  • inner housing I to properly direct heating gas to the various nozzles in the branched ducts.
  • Ducts 5 and to each carry branched portions H and Ho. respectively continuing as ducts I! and lid. which end in the flared openings l3 and 13a.
  • the axles I4 and Ma of rolls i and 2 pass respectively through the flared ends i3 and ifia and the adjacent portions of ducts i2 and no. In this mannor the flared ends it and 30. open into the center of the rolls i and I.
  • the front portion 29 of housing 3 carries the trough section 1! having the slotted aperture 22 supported by the rounded angle portions 2!.
  • Pairs of opposing burners 24 and 24a respectively are provided in the rear portion of the outer hous ing 3, being supported by U brackets 80, "a bolted to angle brackets 8!, Bio.
  • These are the conventional gas burners of the Venturi type comprising injector extensions 82. 82a, flared, perforated inner tubes 83, 83a and outer tubes 84, Ma carrying air inlets 85, 85a.
  • Each pair of burnere on the some side is supplied with fuel gas by way of suitable connections such as pipe 2
  • a frame structure 23 is secured to the front portion of housing 3 and includes crcss-supports 29. Ill and a and floor supports l sin.
  • the frame structure supports cooling roll as. shaft 33 for fabric feed roll :34, shaft 35 for labric pickup roll 36 and guide rolls B9. in and 772.
  • Auxiliary frame 302) at one side of the frame structure carries the gears 38, 39 and sprockets 31, 4B and 400 on shafts 31a and 38a (Fig. '7). As illustrated in Figs.
  • shaft 35 is driven through chain 63 by sprocket 31 on shaft Ila, which in turn is driven by the gear 38 meshing with gear 39 on shaft 39a driven by sprocket 40, chain 4!, and sprocket 42 secured to the shaft I4 01' roll I.
  • a second sprocket Illa, on shaft 19d behind gear 39 drives through chain 43 and sprocket 44 the cooling roll 32.
  • the outer housing 3 carries the closed side walls 45, rear wall 45. front wall 20, top wall 41 and bottom wall 48.
  • the entire housing 3 is completely enclosed on all sides with the exception of the slot 22 for the passing of a fabric web into the housing and the removal of the fabric therefrom.
  • top 41 of the outer housing 3 carries the fan exhaust 21.
  • the heating rolls such as heating roll 1 carry in their center the substantially stationary wall or baffle 50 dividing the roll into two substantially equal halves.
  • the heating rolls carry in their center the substantially stationary wall or baffle 50 dividing the roll into two substantially equal halves.
  • a number of cones Ia, Bio and 510 are mounted onto the central axle by way of the flanged supports 52.
  • Each cone carries a central opening 53 and the openings of successive cones are progressively smaller with the largest cone-opening at the outer end of the roll and the smallest cone-opening near the center of the roll.
  • the cones are mounted in spaced relationship to the inner wall of the roll.
  • Strengthening cross-braces 54 are provided within the rolls at the outer portions thereof.
  • the roller shafts are mounted in the bearings 55 and 55a respectively.
  • a series of scroll or expansion rollers 55, 51 and 58 are mounted within housing 3 and serve the proper guiding, extending and/or positioning of the traveling fabric web.
  • the expan sion rollers are preferably geared for a circumferential linear speed approximately 5-2(l% in excess of the circumferential linear speeds of the rolls l and 2.
  • Gear wheel 59 (Fig. l) is keyed to roll shaft Ma and is driven by the meshing gear 8!, driven by suitable motor 6!.
  • Gear 59 meshes with gear 62 hearing supported and rotatable on shaft 58 (Fig. 5).
  • Gear 52 engages gear 54 keyed to roll shaft [4.
  • Sprockets 65 and 56 Figs.
  • a web of textile material as, for example, on feed roller 34 (Fig. 2), is fed by way of the guide rollers 69 and ill s and scroll 5B the slot is and onto roll i passing underneath lower surface 8 of duct E.
  • the fabric web indicated by the numeral ll passes from upper roll 1 over scroll it and lower roll 2, passing the latter beneath the nozzled surface 8a of duct 5a.
  • the web passes from roll 2 around scroll 51 out through the slot 22 onto cooling roll 32 by way of the guide rolls 12 and '53.
  • the cooling roll is of the conventional hol low type provided with a circulating cooling water system (not shown).
  • Angle portions 23 extend over at least the width of the fabric web. They are vertically adjustable and are set with their smooth rounded portions to substantially tangentially engage the feeding and discharging web portions respectively.
  • a guide roller 23a acts as a separator for the feeding and discharging web portions and is mounted to essentially form, with the angle portions 23, a seal against the passage of excessive amounts of cold air into the heating zone through slot 22.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the operation after a new roll of textile material has just been started. In that case roll 34 is fairly full with the pickup roll it relatively small. The situation as it occurs near the end of the original feed roll 34 is illustrated in dotted outline. In that case the feed roll will be relatively small and the pickup roll will be relatively large.
  • the burners 24 and 24a heat the air or other heating gas within the housing 3 and the fan 15 forces the air into the duct system of the inner housing.
  • a portion of the air passes straight through and out of the centrally located nozzles l and la near the scroll 58.
  • Other portions of the air are deflected by the various baffles 9, 9a, Ill, Illa, being forced out through the various nozalas I, la in the duct surfaces 6 and 5a of the ducts 5 and is.
  • Still another portion of the air, forced into and through the duct system is branched off into the ducts H and lie respec tively, passing thence through conduits I2 and [2a respectively and out of the flared duct openings l3 and lilo.
  • the air issuing from the duct openings l3 and We will in part go through the cone openings, ultimately reaching and being deflected from the inner plate 50 to and outwardly along the inner periphery of the roll.
  • a portion of the air is deflected by each cone along the baflled cone surface and against the inner periphery of the roll.
  • the air flows outwardly along the inner periphery of the roll into the outer space 15 within housing; 3, being thence drawn back into the fan l5.
  • the nozzles I and la are so shaped and dimensioned that they supply a relatively uniform forced heating gas current over substantially the en.- tire width of the fabric and the nozzles are preferably radially positioned with respect to the cir cumference of the rolls defining essentially radial slots extending substantially across the width of the fabric web and substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the respective rolls.
  • the term perature of the air or other heatin gas is ther mostatlcally controlled to maintain a predetermlned temperature or temperature range, the thermostatic element being diagrammatically illustrated as I6 (Fig. 2). The air or other heating gas forced out of the nozzles and.
  • a conventional air heating element (not shown) is preferably positioned within the inlet for the purpose of preheating the admitted air. There will thus be a minimum of interference with the desired tem perature or temperature range to be maintained within the system. In many cases it is desirable and of advantage to pro-set the exhaust. to a given rate and coordinate therewith the admin sion of make-up air to thereby automatically pro vent undesirable accumulation of moisture and/or combustion gases.
  • the motor such as motor Bl. used for drivioc the rolls is preferably a variable speed motor.
  • a given treatment may called for a heating of the fabric at a given temperature or within a given temperature range for a given period of time.
  • the speed of rotation of the roils should then be so adjusted that the fabric web travels over the rolls and in and out of the housing in a period of time assuring that no part of the web has remained within the heating zone longer than the predetermined period.
  • cooling such as a cooling surface and/or an appiicator for fluid refrigerant, is important in that it immediately removes any heat from the fabric web that may have any continuing eifect and would thus tend to spoil the results obtained within the heating zone.
  • the textile material is passed through the heating zone. i. e. in the case of the device illustrated in Figs. 1 to 'l inclusive, through the housing of the device at a rate of speed of approximately 36-144 yards per minute.
  • the temperature within the healing zone is maintained. dependent upon the particular type or material used, at a predetermined heat-setting tempera ture or temperature range of 300-508 F, and specifically for polyamldo n'iaicrial at about 49! 475 F.. and high velocity heating gas crrreni: directed onto the fabric web as it iravcis iii-curl; the heating zone, preferably at a velocity of an order of magnitude of at. least 460 icet per minutc.
  • a single web carrier roll may he provided. This may be, for instance, accoznplishcd by appropriately mounting an auxiliary guide roll Bl which permits the fabric web to be carried over a single roll. In that case, the labric would travel from scroll 56 over roll I and thence out of slot 22 over guide roll 9
  • Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive alternative devices are illustrated for the carrying out of the invention. While the device of Figs. 1-7 essentially shows a web carrier providing a support or backing surface over the entire width of the web, the device of Figs. 8-ll shows the web of textile maserial being carried through the heating zone on a pair of endlessly moving pin frames holding the sell edges of the fabric web in a manner to substantially maintain and support the shape thereof. In this case, the fabric web is substantially freely suspended between the pin frame held self-edges thereof, and there is no support or backing surface on which the fabric web rides, such as is the case in connection with the illustration shown in Figs. 1 to 7.
  • ill! indicates a housing having mounted therein the wedge-shaped heating gas chambers Hi2 and lilia.
  • Each of the chambers is provided with high velocity beating gas nozzles 13 and "Ba, of the same type heretofore described in connection with Figs. 1 to T.
  • the heating zone is defined by the space HM between the heating chambers I82 and IBM.
  • Heating gas ducts Hi5 and lflia are provided within the housing llli, supplying heating gas to the branched ducts I06 and iBBa, arranged on top of the heating gas chambers Hi2 and iiiia. respectlvely. in open communication therewith.
  • Thermostatically controlled pairs of gas-fired burners iii! and iflla are mounted in the heating space HIE. communicating with the heating gas ducts Hi5 and itia. Barnes this are provided in the heating ducts I05 and ill5a at their intersection with ducts Hi6 and Nita, to balance the supply of heating gas to the heating chambers In! and Mia.
  • a fan I09. suitably driven by a motor not shown) is mounted in an opening provided in the partition wall H0, separating the heating space I08 from the inner housing space i i i.
  • a pair of sprocket wheels i ii, on a common axle HE. is mounted within housing IN, and above the heating space IM.
  • a corresponding pair of sprocket wheels I He is mounted on common axle H30; outside of the housing till, below the space defining the heating zone m4.
  • Endless pin chains or belts iii and Uta are driven by the sprockets and controlled in their travel through the heating space [M by the rigidly spaced pairs of guide rails H5.
  • Two pin brushes H6 (only one is illustrated) are mounted for brushing engagemsn with the pins on the pin chain or belt, one iur and adjacent each of the lower pairs of sprockets Hid.
  • a web of fabric material HT unwinding ircm the iced roll H8. passes the web into the over-feed device diagrammatically illustrated as box H9.
  • Fabric take-off guide 2031 is mounted adjacent the upper pair of sprocket rhea-sis HE.
  • a separating wall iii. mounted within housing Nil defines, within the housing iii. the cooling compartment I22, carrying mounted therein the wedge-shaped cooling air chambers I23 and 123m, supplied with cooling air through cross ducts i2 3 and I24a.
  • Cooling chambers I23 and I23a are provided with high velocity cooling air nozzles I25 and Hit: similarly shaped and dimensioned as the high velocit heating gas nozzles I03 and mi e;
  • the cooling chambers I23 and I231 are positioned to define the cooling zone I26.
  • Branched cooling gas ducts I21 and I21a are supplied with cooling gas, such as air, through the centrifugal fan I28, and pass the cooling air to the cross ducts I20 and I2
  • a motor driven exhaust I29 is provided in communication with the cooling space I22.
  • Guide rolls I30 and I3I are mounted to pass the fabric through the cooling zone I26 as it is passed from the take-off roll I20, through partition slot I32 into the cooling part of the device.
  • Fabric wind-up roll I33 is mounted to reel up the fabric web as it passes out of the cooling zone,-guided by guide roll I3I.
  • Exhaust i3 is mounted on top of the housing, serving to balonce the heating gas system within housing iiii, and to take off a certain amount of heating gas air in the manner and for the purpose illustrated in connection with the similar exhaust of the device exemplified by Figs 1 to 1.
  • the fabric web is passed from the feed roll IIB into the over-feed device H9, and both edges thereof are then pressed into the pins of each endless pin chain II4 by way of the pin brushes H6.
  • the fabric web held in shape and position by the pin chains at each side thereof and controlled by the rigid rail frame II5, moves through the heating zone I04 and is taken of! the pin chain over the guide roll I20, thence passing through the slot I32 over the guide roll I30 through the cooling zone I26 out of the device through the slot I26a over guide roll I3l onto wind-up reel I33.
  • the balance of heating gas current within the system and the force imparted thereto by the fan I09 supplying the heating gas current through the various ducts to the high velocity heating gas nozzles I03 and I03a, are so arranged that the velocity of the heating gas current as it impinges upon the traveling fabric web is in excess of 400 feet per minute, and preferably between 400 and 0000 feet per minute.
  • high velocity cooling air impinges upon the same on both sides thereof, thereby rapidly cooling the same and moving it out of the danger zone or term perature that might cause overheating or oversetting of the material.
  • the length of the heating zone as defined between the nozzled surfaces of the heating gas chambers is so arranged that the goods moving therethrough are exposed to the predetermined heat-setting temperature at their particular speed of travel for from 1-10 seconds. It is advisable,
  • each portion of the material to said predetermined heatsetting temperature is thus limited, not to exceed substantially 10 seconds.
  • Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the device shown in Figs. 8 to 10 inclusive for carrying out the invention.
  • the double wedge-shaped heating chambers 202 and 202a there are mounted within housing 20I the double wedge-shaped heating chambers 202 and 202a, provided with the high velocity heating gas nozzles 203 and 203a. and defining between their nozzled surfaces the heating space 200.
  • a centrifugal fan 205 mounted on shaft 206, and driven by motor 201, supplies high velocity heating gas through the branched ducts 208 and 200a, communicating with the heating air chambers 202 and 20211.
  • Suitable heating gas control baffles 209 and 209a are provided to adjust the balance of heating gas supplied to the chambers 202 and 202a.
  • Pairs of sprockets 2I0 and 2I0a are provided.
  • Sprockets 2I0 and 2I0a carry the pair of endless pin chains 2 which are mounted on sprockets 2I0a to act as a web carrier through the heating zone 204.
  • Two pin brushes 2I2 (only one illustrated), one mounted adjacent each of the pair of sprocket wheels 2I0, serve to press the self-edge of the fabric Web into contact with the pins.
  • a web take-off roll M3 is mounted near the sprocket pair 2I0a and serves to guide the fabric web 2 to the wind-up reel 2I5.
  • 6 passes the fabric into the over-feed device 2i1 whence it passes onto the pin frame 2
  • a pair of gas-fired burners 2I0 are provided in the fan housing 2I9. Exhausts 220 and MI serve to balance the heating gas system within the device.
  • a fabric web cooling arrangement 222 is provided at the pick-up end of the device and comprises the housing 223, cooling gas chambers 224 and 225a, provided with the high velocity cooling gas nozzles 225 and 225a, and supplied with cooling gas through the ducts 226 and 226a, provided with the fans 221 and 2210. respectively.
  • the fabric web is passed from the feed roll 210 to the over-feed device 2 I1 onto the pairs of endless pin chains 2 being pressed with the self-edges thereof into the pins by means of the brush wheels H2.
  • the fabric web is carried by the pin chains or belts through the slot 220:; at the feed end of housing 20I. through the heating zone 204 and out of the slot 221a at the pickup end of housing MI.
  • the fabric web 2 is taken off the endless pin chains 2II by way of and over the take -off and guide roll 2I3, being thereafter wound up on wind-up reel 2I5.
  • the endless pin chains are suitably driven to move at a speed of about 36444 yards per minute.
  • the heating gas current is thermostatically maintained at a temperature of about 400-475 F., and is forced through the heating ducts 208 and 200a into the heating gas chambers 202 and 202a by way of the centrifugal fan 205.
  • the high velocity heating gas nozzles and propelling force of the centrifugal fan are so adjusted that the heating gas issues out of the nozzles 20! and 203a. to impinge upon the sides of the traveling fabric web at a velocity of about 400-4000 feet per minute, the length of the zone within which the fabric is subjected to heat-setting temperatures being so dimensioned that the fabric at its speed of travel passes thcrethrough in from 1-10 seconds.
  • the over-feed arrangement ill, as well as the corresponding over-feed arrangement H9 (Fig. 8) serve to feed the fabric in substantially slackened condition to avoid undue tensioning as a result of shrinkage during the heat treatment.
  • cooling gas preferably high velocity cooling gas. supplied by way of the propelling lens 221 and 221s, and the ducts 22B and 2280, is forced through the nozzles 225 and In to impinge upon the sides of the traveling fabric web 2 and is then exhausted at 2220.
  • Figs. 2 to 12 lend themselves advantageousl to the application oi the invention to relatively loose weave fabric webs, and particularly tricots.
  • the heat setting be carried out while the fabric web is substantially rigidly maintained at a uniform width to avoid uneven shrinkage and the formation of an uneven wavy web.
  • it is of advantage not only to slightly over-feed the fabric. prior to its passage into the heating zone, but also to adjust the distance between the carrier portions of each pair of endless pin chains to allow for at least mean shrinkage in width during the heat treatment oi! the goods.
  • Figs. 13 to 15 show a construction for the application of the invention to pro-formed pieces of textile material such as, for instance, women's hosiery.
  • 30! indicates a housing having a fan extension sum.
  • Housing "I carries side, top, and bottom closure plates 302.
  • Two wedge-shaped heating gas chambers all and Mia carry respectively the high velocity heating gas nozzles M2 and 2a, and are arranged within housing "I to define between their nozzlod surfaces the heating zone 3H1.
  • a centrifugal fan 30! is mounted on shaft 303 driven by pulley 305.
  • the fan Jill is surrounded by open-ended fan housing I!!! from which branched heating gas ducts I03 and Mia lead.
  • a cooling compartment 3 is arranged at the deliver end of the device and carries the centriiugal fan 3 mounted in fan housing ll! connected to the branch ducts I43, and to leading to a pair of wedge-shaped cooling gas chem here 34!.
  • the fan and duct arrangement of the cooling compartment 0 are similar to the fan and duct arrangement supplying heating gas current.
  • the cooling gas chambers Ml are similarly constructed to the chambers iii!
  • a separating wall 3" divides the heating portion of the device from the cooling portion thereof.
  • an exhaust fan 346 carried by the cooling chamber NB com municates with the interior 0! the housing till of cooling compartment 84%.
  • the conventional driving means for the chain f not shown) are so arranged and adjusted that they move the chain through the device at a speed 0! travel of about 36-444 yards per minute.
  • the length of the heating zone through which the goods are passed is so arranged and dimensioned that for a predetermined speed of travel the goods are in the heating zone for a period of from 1-10 seconds. Heating gas is continuously sucked into the interior oi the centrifugal fan 3! and propolled by the fan into the ducts 808 and 368s whence it is passed into the heating chambers 2H and 3! lo and then out through high velocity nozzles 352 and Ella.
  • the propelling force oi the lam is so adjusted that the high velocity heating gas will impinge upon the fabric traveling on the forms through the heating zone with a velocity of about 400-4000 feet per minute.
  • the high velocity heating gas after having impinged upon the fabric, is deflected into the interior of the heating portion of the housing Elli, thence circulating back to the tan Mil, passing the heating area Mia.
  • the gas-fired burners I03 and Mia are thermostatically controlled to so maintain the temperature of the returning heating gas that the same is delivered into the heating zone at a temperature of about 400475 F.
  • a centrifugal fan ill has its open ends in direct communication with the outside air. Fresh air is continuously drawn into the interior of the fan and peripherally propelled through the branched ducts 3'3 and in into the pair oi cooling gas wedges 3M whence relatively high velocity cool- 111g air is propelled through the nozzles 35!] onto both sides of the material as it moves through the cooling passage defined by the opposing nozsled surfaces of the wedges. The cooling air is then exhausted through the tan exhaust 348.
  • a specific example of the usefulness of my invention for the heat setting of goods other than polyamides is, for instance. the heat treatment of acetates.
  • a fabric web consisting of or containing acetate fibers is fed into, for instance, the device illustrated herein in Figs. 1 to '7 inclusive, -at speeds between 36-444 yards per minute and a total exposure time of l---l0 seconds, with the temperature within the heating zone between 300-360 F.
  • a very desirable chlntz-like glazing effect is obtained in this manner.
  • Method for the heat setting of heat-settable textile materials which comprises continuously passing a fabric of such a material through a heating zone and substantially continuously directing heating gas current at a velocity of an order of magnitude of at least about 400 feet per minute of a predetermined heat-setting temperature for said material onto the same while traveling through said heating zone and substantially over a length of travel of said mawrlal in said heat ng zone to substantially expose each portion thereof to said heating gas current tor from 1 to 10 seconds.
  • Method for the heat setting of heatsettalile textile materials which comprises continuously passing a web of such material, while in extended state, through a heating zone, substantially continuously directing heating gas current of a velocity of an order of magnitude in excess of about 400 feet per minute and of a predetermined heatsetting temperature for said. material of about 300-500 F. onto said web, while traveling through said heating zone, substantially uniformly over the width thereof and over a length of web travel therein to substantially expose each portion of the moving web to said heating gas current for from 1-10 seconds, while limiting the total exposure of each web portion to said predetermined heat-setting temperature not to exceed substantially 10 seconds, and subjecting said web to cooling upon passing out of said heating zone.
  • Method for the heat setting of heat-settable textile materials which comprises continuously passing multiple pre-formed, form-supported pieces of such material through a heating zone, substantially continuously directing heating gas at a velocity of an order of magnitude in excess of about 400 feet per minute and of a pre: determined heat-setting temperature for said material of about 300-500 F. onto said material. while traveling through said heating zone. substantially uniformly over the same and over a length of travel of each piece in said zone to substantially expose each portion of such piece to said heating gas current for from 1-10 seconds, while limiting the total exposure of each web por tion to said predetermined heat-setting temperature not to exceed substantially 10 seconds, and
  • thermosetting material is polyamide material in which said heating gas current is directed onto said pieces at a predetermined temperature of about 400475 F.

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2777750A (en) * 1952-11-13 1957-01-15 Celanese Corp Process of stabilizing thermoplastic knitted fabric containing cellulose ester yarns with superheated steam
US2821457A (en) * 1958-01-28 Method of heat stabilizing polyethyl-
US2821771A (en) * 1957-04-05 1958-02-04 F C Huyck & Sons Method of making a papermaker's felt
US2952078A (en) * 1953-11-30 1960-09-13 Cyril A Litzler Apparatus for controlled heating and cooling of continuous textile material
DE975015C (de) * 1951-06-02 1961-07-06 Vits Elektro G M B H Duesentrockner fuer Spannrahmen- und aehnliche Maschinen
US3016280A (en) * 1955-06-30 1962-01-09 Celanese Corp Textile treatment
US3077371A (en) * 1956-02-14 1963-02-12 Celanese Corp Treatment of knitted fabrics
DE1146025B (de) * 1959-05-16 1963-03-28 Famatex G M B H Einrichtung zum Beheizen von Trocken- und Waermebehandlungs-maschinen
US3104954A (en) * 1963-09-24 Apparatus for flash aging printed fabrics
DE1165534B (de) * 1960-02-17 1964-03-19 Famatex G M B H Einrichtung zum Beheizen von Trocken- und Waermebehandlungsmaschinen

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US354798A (en) * 1886-12-21 John h
US508094A (en) * 1893-11-07 Process of and apparatus for oxidizing yarn
US1470953A (en) * 1920-03-22 1923-10-16 Edwin M Bassler Paper-making machine
US1515556A (en) * 1922-01-10 1924-11-11 Dreaper William Porter Manufacture of artificial silk and the like
US1758234A (en) * 1924-06-30 1930-05-13 Two Tone Corp Process of and apparatus for dyeing textile fabrics
US1970180A (en) * 1932-12-10 1934-08-14 Milne Samuel Paper making machine
US2065032A (en) * 1936-12-22 Calendering
US2197896A (en) * 1937-02-15 1940-04-23 Du Pont Artificial wool
US2199411A (en) * 1938-11-01 1940-05-07 Du Pont Artificial structure and method for producing same
US2289377A (en) * 1938-02-09 1942-07-14 Du Pont Synthetic polymer
US2325060A (en) * 1942-02-25 1943-07-27 Du Pont Nonshrinking yarn
US2339323A (en) * 1939-04-22 1944-01-18 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Treatment of synthetic textile fibers
US2346208A (en) * 1941-04-08 1944-04-11 Du Pont Treatment of high tenacity yarn of synthetic origin
US2349558A (en) * 1942-11-28 1944-05-23 Offen Bernard Drying hood
US2350021A (en) * 1940-08-07 1944-05-30 Paramount Textile Mach Co Method of treating textiles
US2365931A (en) * 1941-02-13 1944-12-26 Du Pont Finishing of polyamide fabrics
US2445042A (en) * 1943-07-28 1948-07-13 Du Pont Method of treating oriented acrylonitrile structures

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US508094A (en) * 1893-11-07 Process of and apparatus for oxidizing yarn
US2065032A (en) * 1936-12-22 Calendering
US354798A (en) * 1886-12-21 John h
US1470953A (en) * 1920-03-22 1923-10-16 Edwin M Bassler Paper-making machine
US1515556A (en) * 1922-01-10 1924-11-11 Dreaper William Porter Manufacture of artificial silk and the like
US1758234A (en) * 1924-06-30 1930-05-13 Two Tone Corp Process of and apparatus for dyeing textile fabrics
US1970180A (en) * 1932-12-10 1934-08-14 Milne Samuel Paper making machine
US2197896A (en) * 1937-02-15 1940-04-23 Du Pont Artificial wool
US2289377A (en) * 1938-02-09 1942-07-14 Du Pont Synthetic polymer
US2199411A (en) * 1938-11-01 1940-05-07 Du Pont Artificial structure and method for producing same
US2339323A (en) * 1939-04-22 1944-01-18 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Treatment of synthetic textile fibers
US2350021A (en) * 1940-08-07 1944-05-30 Paramount Textile Mach Co Method of treating textiles
US2365931A (en) * 1941-02-13 1944-12-26 Du Pont Finishing of polyamide fabrics
US2346208A (en) * 1941-04-08 1944-04-11 Du Pont Treatment of high tenacity yarn of synthetic origin
US2325060A (en) * 1942-02-25 1943-07-27 Du Pont Nonshrinking yarn
US2349558A (en) * 1942-11-28 1944-05-23 Offen Bernard Drying hood
US2445042A (en) * 1943-07-28 1948-07-13 Du Pont Method of treating oriented acrylonitrile structures

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2821457A (en) * 1958-01-28 Method of heat stabilizing polyethyl-
US3104954A (en) * 1963-09-24 Apparatus for flash aging printed fabrics
DE975015C (de) * 1951-06-02 1961-07-06 Vits Elektro G M B H Duesentrockner fuer Spannrahmen- und aehnliche Maschinen
US2777750A (en) * 1952-11-13 1957-01-15 Celanese Corp Process of stabilizing thermoplastic knitted fabric containing cellulose ester yarns with superheated steam
US2952078A (en) * 1953-11-30 1960-09-13 Cyril A Litzler Apparatus for controlled heating and cooling of continuous textile material
US3016280A (en) * 1955-06-30 1962-01-09 Celanese Corp Textile treatment
US3077371A (en) * 1956-02-14 1963-02-12 Celanese Corp Treatment of knitted fabrics
US2821771A (en) * 1957-04-05 1958-02-04 F C Huyck & Sons Method of making a papermaker's felt
DE1146025B (de) * 1959-05-16 1963-03-28 Famatex G M B H Einrichtung zum Beheizen von Trocken- und Waermebehandlungs-maschinen
DE1165534B (de) * 1960-02-17 1964-03-19 Famatex G M B H Einrichtung zum Beheizen von Trocken- und Waermebehandlungsmaschinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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