US2517129A - Electric valve excitation and control circuit - Google Patents

Electric valve excitation and control circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
US2517129A
US2517129A US118531A US11853149A US2517129A US 2517129 A US2517129 A US 2517129A US 118531 A US118531 A US 118531A US 11853149 A US11853149 A US 11853149A US 2517129 A US2517129 A US 2517129A
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United States
Prior art keywords
excitation
control
tubes
grid
current
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Expired - Lifetime
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US118531A
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English (en)
Inventor
Marvin J Mulhern
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Publication date
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Priority to US118531A priority Critical patent/US2517129A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2517129A publication Critical patent/US2517129A/en
Priority to FR60951D priority patent/FR60951E/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/02—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electric valve excitation and control circuits and more particularly to an arrangement of such a circuit for insuring proper operation in parallel circuit relationship of two or more valves of the ignitron type provided with an immersion ignitor, an excitation anode and a control grid.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide improved means for determining the precise instant at which an electronic valve of the ignitron type is rendered conductive together with means for preventing energization of the control grid unless the cathode spot is maintained for a long enough time. to insure. conduction through the valve upon application of a control signal to the control grid.
  • means are provided for deriving an electrical quantity from the excitation anode circuit of each parallel connected valve and for applying a composite electrical quantity to the control gridsof all the valves the magnitude of which is dependent upon the flow of current in each excitation anode circuit.
  • the value of the composite quantity which is required to actuate the control grids is such that none ,of the parallel tubes will conduct if the excitation anode of any one of the tubes is not energized. Inthis way, all the tubes will be held off by their grid bias if the holding anode of one of the tubes fails to fire.
  • precise timing of the unidirectional current pulses through the valves is obtained in addition to thefeature where by a signal which is dependent upon excitation anode current is required to render the associated valve conductive.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic representation" of my invention 8 Claims; (Cl. 315-274) wherein a composite quantity dependent upon the excitation anode current in each of the parallel connected valves is utilized to energize the grid circuit of all of the valves, and Fig. 2 is a di agrammatic representation of an alternative arrangement for a portion of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 whereby precise timing of the flow of current through the valves is obtained.
  • a pair of leading valves l and 2 as well as a pair of trailing valves 3 and i are shown connected in parallel circuit relation to the conductors 5 and 6.
  • Tubes I and 2 are arranged with their cathodes connected to conductor 6 and their anodes connected through reactor 'CDR-i .to conductor 5 while tubes: 3 and t are arranged with their cathodes connected to conductor 5 and their anodes connected to conductor B through reactor CDR2.
  • Polyphase power is supplied from a suitable source through conductors a, b, and c to a suitable charging rectifier l.
  • the output of rectifier l charges capacitor 8.
  • valves I and 2 allow the discharge of current from capacitor 8 through the reactive load 9.
  • valves 3 and 4 causes the energy stored in the reactive load 9 to be resupplied to capacitor 8. It will be understood that the charging rectifier l merely supplies the losses incurred.
  • Suitable power for these leading tube circuits is supplied through the power insulating transformer PIT-l and in like manner for the trailing tubes (3 and 4) through PIT--2.
  • a control signal such as is indicated by SL is supplied by known means to the leading tubes (i and 2) through the signal insulating transformer SIT l, and in like manner to the trailing tubes (3 and t) by ST through SIT-2.
  • the direct current power and bias sources indicated in connection with the control circuits for tubes l and 2 in practice would be derived from a power insulating transformer in a well-known manner such. as that indicated by PIT-l together with suitable transformers and rectifiers.
  • the suffix"1 is used in connection with the com ponents for tube I while the suffix 2 is used to designate the components used with tube 2.
  • Each valve is provided with a cathode II'I comprising a mercury pool, an ignitor II, an auxiliary electrode in the form of an excitation or holding anode I2, a grid I3 and an anode I4.
  • a cathode II'I comprising a mercury pool, an ignitor II, an auxiliary electrode in the form of an excitation or holding anode I2, a grid I3 and an anode I4.
  • additional grids would be used and would be desirable for certain purposes but since these form no part of my invention, they are not shown.
  • the ignitor firing circuits comprise an ignitor firing reactor IFL, an ignitor firing tube IFT, an ignitor firing capacitor IFC, and a charging resistor CR.
  • Energy for charging igniter firing capacitor IFC is obtained from a suitable source of potential I5 while the grid bias for ignitor firing tube IFT is obtained from a suitable source H5.
  • the ignitor firing circuits of the leading tubes I and 2 are controlled by a signal insulating transformer SITI. When a suitable signal such as SL is supplied to transformer SIT-I, signal transformers TI and T-2 respectively cause the ignitor firing circuits of tubes l and 2 to conduct current by causing the grid of the ignitor firing tubes to become less negative as is well known.
  • the excitation anode circuits comprise a unidirectional conducting device HMR, a reactor HF'L, an adjustable resistor HR in parallel with one Winding of a permissive transformer PMT, a charging resistor HCR, and a firing capacitor I-IFC. Firing capacitor HFC is charged by a suitable source of potential such as is indicated at IT.
  • excitation anode firing capacitor HFC is allowed to discharge through resistor HR, the primary,
  • the control grids I3 of tubes I and 2 are controlled by a common grid firing tube GFT, a grid firing capacitor GFC and a grid firing reactor GFL.
  • Capacitor GFC is charged by a source of potential indicated at I8 through charging resistor GCR.
  • the grid firing capacitor GFC discharges through the grid firing tube GFT thus rendering point E less negative.
  • the grids I3 of tubes I and 2 are rendered less negative and hence conducting and a current flows from the capacitor 8 through load 9, reactor CDR-I through valves I and 2, and conductor 6 to the capacitor 8, the duration and characteristics of this impulse of current being predetermined.
  • the tubes 3 and 4 are rendered conductive so that current flows from the capacitor 8 through reactor CD through valves 3 and 4, conductor 5 and load 9 to the capacitor 8.
  • I provide in accordance with my invention suitable means for controlling the grid of the grid firing tube GF'I which controls the firing of tubes I and 2.
  • suitable means for so controlling the grid of a grid firing tube utilized to control tubes 3 and 4 so that neither of these tubes will pass current if either one of these tubes fails.
  • the permissive transformer PMTI is provided with a secondary winding I9 and permissive transformer PMT2 is provided with a secondary winding 20 arranged in series circuit relation with the winding I9.
  • the circuit comprising windings l9 and 20 includes a suitable source of grid bias 2
  • the negative bias required to hold tubes GFT oil is such that energization of either one, but not both, of the windings I9 or 20 will not cause the grid of tube GFT to become sufiiciently less negative to render the tube conductive. A signal from both windings I9 and 20 will, however, cause tube GFT to fire.
  • a signal such as is indicated at SL for the leading tubes and such as is indicated at ST for the trailing tubes.
  • a signal such as is indicated at SL for the leading tubes and such as is indicated at ST for the trailing tubes.
  • Such a signal would be supplied by any known impulse source and would be effective to operate the associated ignitor and excitation anode circuits and due to the operation of the permissive transformers would subsequently cause actuation of the control grids so as to cause the tubes I and 2 on the one hand or tubes 3 and 4 on the other hand to conduct. It may be desirable to provide means for timing precisely the exact instant at which the leading tubes and the trailing tubes are rendered conductive. For example,
  • tubes such as I-# would have characteristics such that best performance would be obtained if a particular instant could be chosen for rendering the tubes conductive.
  • the ignitor and excitation anode circuits of paralleled tubes such as I and 2 would be actuated by an impulse such as SL and the bias of grid firing tube GFI would be adjusted so that the aggregate signal received from transformers PMT--I and PMT2 would not be sufficient to render the tube GFI conductive and a second impulse time delayed with respect to impulse SL would be required to actuate tube GF'I and tubes I and 2.
  • a signal could be supplied from any known source and may be represented by the impulse shown in the drawing and represented by the designation SL---2.
  • Fig. lflcould be modified to utilize the precision'timing of Fig. 2 by substituting Fig. 2 for that portion of Fig; 1 which is enclosed by dottedlines anclby adding the conductors 23 and to the circuit of Fig. 1.
  • Resistor Rl merely prevents the flow of appreciable current through potential sourceZl. Conduction of tube GFT would then be effective to render the control grids l3 of tubes 1 and 2 less negative so that tubes I and 2 would thereby be rendered conductive atthe desiredinstant.
  • the ignitor and anode excitation circuits would be energized by a signal such as SL and the subsequent firing, of the ignitrons l and 2 wouldbe determined by determining the time when signal SL-2 would be supplied tothe transformer ,SITI after the signal SL is supplied thereto, If desired, a pair of signal spaced apart in time could be supplied to the signal insulating transformer SIT-2 so that the exact instant of firing tubes 3 and 4 could be predetermined.
  • each device being of the type employing an enclosing envelope and comprising therein an ionizable medium, an anode, a cathode and a control electrode, means for initiating electron emission at each of said cathodes, an auxiliary electrode within each of said enevelopes, an energizing cir cuit connected to each of said auxiliary 818C".
  • trodes for establishing a path for electron emission from each of said cathodesto the corresponding one of said auxiliary electrodes, an energizing circuit connected to each of said control electrodes, means responsive to current flow in each of said auxiliary electrode circuits for producing a voltage variable in accordance with such current flow, inductive coupling means responsiveto the voltages produced by the flow of cur rent through the auxiliaryelectrode circuits for deriving an electrical quantity the magnitude of which is dependent upon the number of the auxiliary electrode circuits which are conducting current normally, and means controlled by said derived quantity for preventing effective energization of all of said control electrodes when the magnitude of said quantity is indicative that at least one of the auxiliary electrode circuits is not conducting current normally.
  • a control arrangement for a plurality of parallel connected electronic devices each of which comprises a control grid, a cathode, an ionizable medium, and an excitation anode said arrangement comprising an excitation circuit ioreach of said excitation anodes, first means for deriving an electrical quantity from each of excitation circuits which is dependent upon the flow'of current therethrough, series circuit means. interconnecting said first means, and means connected with said circuit means and controlled by said derived quantities for impressing an operating voltage on said control grids, said last-named means being ineffective operably to energize said control grids when current fails to flow in the excitation circuit of one or more of said excitation anodes.
  • a control arrangement for a plurality of parallel connected electronic devices each of which comprises a control grid, a cathode, an ionizable medium, and an excitation anode, said arrangement comprising an excitation circuit for each of said excitation anodes, a permissive transformer for each device, each transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, the primary winding of each transformer being energized by the flow of current through the excitation circuit for the corresponding one of said devices, the secondary windings of said transformers being connected in series so as to derive a composite electrical quantity dependent upon the current flow in all of said excitation circuits, and means controlled by said composite quantity for impressing an operating voltage on said control grids, said lastmamed means being rendered inoperable when current fails to flow in the excitation circuit of one or more of said excitation anodes.
  • a control arrangement for a plurality of parallel connected electronic devices each of which comprises a control grid, a cathode, an ionizable medium, and an excitation anode said arrangement comprisin an excitation circuit for each of said excitation anodes, inductive means for each device for deriving an electrical quantity from each of said excitation circuits which is dependent upon the flow of current therethrough, series circuit means interconnecting said inductive means, and electronic valve means connected to said circuit means and responsive to the aggregate of said derived quantities for impressing an operating voltage on said control grids, said valve means being rendered inoperable upon the failure of current to flow in the excitation circuit of one or more of said ex-i citation anodes.
  • a control arrangement for a plurality of parallel connected electronic devices each of which comprises ,a control grid, a cathode, an ionizable medium, and an excitation anode, said arrangement comprising an excitation circuit for each of said excitation anodes, a permissive transformer for each device, each transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding energized by the flow of current through .the excitation circuit for the corresponding one of said devices, the secondary windings of said transformers being connected in series so as normally to derive a composite electrical quantity dependent upon the current flow in all of said excitation circuits, and electronic valve means responsive to said composite electrical quantity for impressing .an operating voltage on said control grids, said valve means being rendered inoperable in response to a deviation from the normally derived value of said composite quantity caused by the failure of current to flow in the excitation circuit of one or more of said excitation anodes.
  • a control arrangement for a, plurality of parallel connected electronic devices each of which comprises a control grid, a cathode, an ionizable medium, and an excitation anode said arrangement comprising an excitation circuit for each of saidexcitation anodes, first means for each device for deriving an electrical quantit from each of said excitation circuits which is dependent upon the flow of current therethrough, circuit means interconnecting said first means, control means connected with said control grids for controlling the energization thereof, means for generating'a timed control signal impulse, and a combining device connected with said circuit means and said means for generating said signal and operable in response to said derived quantities and to said signal for rendering said control means operable, said combining device being ineffective to render said control :means operable when one or more of said exci tation circuits fails to conduct current.
  • a control arrangement for an electronic valve having a control grid, a cathode, an ionizable medium and an excitation anode said arrangement comprising means for initiating electron emission at said cathode, an excitation circuit for said anode, means for deriving an electrical quantity from said excitation circuit which is dependent upon the flow of current therethrough, control means for controlling the energization of said control grid, means for supplying a control signal to said control means at an instant which is predetermined in time with respect to operation of said means for initiating electron emission at said cathode, means for supplying the quantity derived from said excitation circuit to said control means, said con trol means being rendered operable to impress a control voltage on said control grid when the quantity derived from said excitation circuit and said control signal are simultaneously supplied to said control means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US118531A 1949-09-29 1949-09-29 Electric valve excitation and control circuit Expired - Lifetime US2517129A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US118531A US2517129A (en) 1949-09-29 1949-09-29 Electric valve excitation and control circuit
FR60951D FR60951E (fr) 1949-09-29 1950-09-27 Perfectionnements aux circuits à valves électriques

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US118531A US2517129A (en) 1949-09-29 1949-09-29 Electric valve excitation and control circuit

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FR (1) FR60951E (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955233A (en) * 1959-11-19 1960-10-04 Gen Electric Ignitron control circuits

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955233A (en) * 1959-11-19 1960-10-04 Gen Electric Ignitron control circuits

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Publication number Publication date
FR60951E (fr) 1955-02-21

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