US2524227A - Thermionic emitting device - Google Patents

Thermionic emitting device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2524227A
US2524227A US627067A US62706745A US2524227A US 2524227 A US2524227 A US 2524227A US 627067 A US627067 A US 627067A US 62706745 A US62706745 A US 62706745A US 2524227 A US2524227 A US 2524227A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
emitting device
order
thermionic
metal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US627067A
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English (en)
Inventor
Klein Siegfried
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COMPTOIR DES CENDRES ET METAUX
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COMPTOIR DES CENDRES ET METAUX
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J27/00—Ion beam tubes
    • H01J27/02—Ion sources; Ion guns
    • H01J27/26—Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field effect ion sources, thermionic ion sources

Definitions

  • a source of ionic current of great intensity for example of the order of one milliampere, under a tension of 200 to 300 volts, and of good constancy, by heating a metal, a metal salt or a metal oxide, the said metal, metal salt or metal oxide being used in a state conferring thereto very large contact surfaces, for example in a state of a precipitate, and in a gas at relatively high pressure, in ambient air, for example.
  • this state also facilitates to a large extent the regeneration of the emissive power of the metal, metal salt or oxide by the air current, As a result of the above combination, a much more intense ionic current is produced than with the emitting devices previously known and, above all, its maintenance, with a good constancy, at a value enablin it to be put to numerous uses is ensured.
  • thermoelectric source use is made of a precipitate of platinum or of another metal absorbing gases, air for example, whereby the regenerating effect due to the gas or air current is substantially increased.
  • Another feature of the invention consists in making use, as first electrode, the positive ion emitting device, in providing a second electrode Which attracts the ions and in disposing on the first electrode a metallic product which is driven off on to the second electrode and thus compensates for the deposit of impurities on the latter, which deposit hinders the discharge of ions on the said second electrode and therefore decreases the intensity of the current of ions; thus, for example, an iridium deposit on the first electrode gives very good results.
  • a first ion-emitting electrode l is heated by means of a filament 2 through which an electric current flows that is generated by the source 3; a second electrode #1 surrounds the first said electrode I; an electric circuit is closed from the electric source 5 through the -inductance 6 by the said second electrode ii;
  • thermoelectric emitting device use is made of a quartz tube covered with a metallic paste and heated inside,
  • a metallic filament throughwhich flowsan electric current, for example a 1'hodiated.plati num filament mounted on a quartz rod.
  • the quartz tube serving as a support for the metal which is to emit the ionic currents can; for example, have a length of 5 centimeters and a diameter of 2 millimeters.
  • the Whole is then covered with a very thin layer of pure iridium.
  • the second electrode is constituted by a metal tube adapted to resist oxidation under the conditions of use; for instance, use may be made of a tube plated with gold.
  • a difference of potential is produced between the thermionic emitting device and the second electrode.
  • the positive ions emitted by the thermionic emitting device proceeds toward the second electrode.
  • This emission may be enhanced, if necessary, by a grid similar to the screening grid of wireless lamps, and placed between the emitting device and the second electrode and to which an intermediary potential is applied.
  • a thermionic positive ion emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes located in a gaseous atmosphere having an order of pressure of from 1 millimeter mercury to atmospheric, one said electrode including a finely divided metallic substance capable of large positive ion emission, and means to heat said substance, said device being capable of generating a stable ionic current the intensity of which is of the order of a milliampere where the effective area of the positive ion emitting electrode is of the order of 300 to 400 square millimeters and under the application of an inter-electrode potential of the order of 200 to 300 volts.
  • a thermionic positive ion emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes located in air at a pressure of from one millimeter mercury to atmospheric, one said electrode includin a finely divided metallic substance capable of large positive ion emission, and means to heat said substance, said device being capable of generating a stable ionic current the intensity of which is of the order of a milliampere when the effective area of the positive ion emitting electrode is of the order of 300 to 400 square millimeters and under the application of an inter-electrode potential of the order of 200 to 300 volts.
  • a thermionic positive ion emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes located in air at substantially atmospheric pressure, one said electrode including a finely divided metallic substance capable of large positive ion emission, and means to heat said substance, said device being capable of generating a stable ionic current the intensity of which is of the order of a milliampere when the efiective area of the positive ion emitting electrode is of the order of 300 to 400 square millimeters and under the application of an interelectrode potential of the order of 200 to 300 volts.
  • a thermionic positive ion emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes located in a gaseous atmosphere having an order of pressure of from one millimeter mercury to atmospheric, one said electrode having an effective area of the 4 order of 300 to 400 millimeters and including a finely divided metallic substance capable of large positive ion emission, and means to heat said substance, said device being capable of generating a stable ionic current the intensity of which is of the order of a milliampere under the application of an inter-electrode potential of the order of 200 to 300 volts.
  • a thermionic positive ion emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes located in a gaseous atmosphere having an order of pressure of from one millimeter mercury to atmospheric, one said electrode including a quartz tube, and means for heating said tube comprising a metallic filament therein, said tube being coated with a platinum precipitate and an iridium precipitate.
  • a thermionic positive ion emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes located in a gaseous atmosphere having an order of pressure of from one millimeter mercury to atmospheric, one said electrode including a quartz tube, and means for heating said tube comprising a metallic filament therein, said tube being coated with a platinium and an aluminium phosphate precipitate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
US627067A 1945-01-10 1945-11-06 Thermionic emitting device Expired - Lifetime US2524227A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR910133T 1945-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2524227A true US2524227A (en) 1950-10-03

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ID=9409407

Family Applications (1)

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US627067A Expired - Lifetime US2524227A (en) 1945-01-10 1945-11-06 Thermionic emitting device

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2524227A (fr)
CH (1) CH256675A (fr)
FR (1) FR910133A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2594777A (en) * 1950-07-14 1952-04-29 Ionics Ion controller
US2640158A (en) * 1952-01-30 1953-05-26 Ionics Ion controller
US2864024A (en) * 1954-11-16 1958-12-09 Philips Corp Glow-discharge tube
US4070163A (en) * 1974-08-29 1978-01-24 Maxwell Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for electrostatic precipitating particles from a gaseous effluent

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2965793A (en) * 1959-05-12 1960-12-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electron device

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US824638A (en) * 1906-01-20 1906-06-26 Lee De Forest Oscillation-responsive device.
US1266517A (en) * 1914-10-09 1918-05-14 Gen Electric Rectifier.
US1296264A (en) * 1914-06-09 1919-03-04 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Vapor-rectifier.
US1299356A (en) * 1916-12-11 1919-04-01 Forest Radio Telephone And Telegraph Company De Apparatus for use in radiocommunication.
US1534148A (en) * 1919-08-03 1925-04-21 Tri Ergon Ltd Sound-translating apparatus
US1649016A (en) * 1917-12-15 1927-11-15 Western Electric Co Control apparatus for electric-discharge devices
US1767218A (en) * 1925-09-28 1930-06-24 Arthur B Lamb Positive-ion emitter
US1809115A (en) * 1926-07-16 1931-06-09 Robert H Goddard Apparatus for producing ions
US1914883A (en) * 1929-10-22 1933-06-20 Frederick G Cottrell Method and apparatus for producing ions
US1931254A (en) * 1928-02-28 1933-10-17 Electrons Inc Electronic tube
US2231877A (en) * 1939-02-04 1941-02-18 Electronic Res Corp Electrode arrangement for electric discharge systems
US2316276A (en) * 1940-07-05 1943-04-13 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge apparatus

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US824638A (en) * 1906-01-20 1906-06-26 Lee De Forest Oscillation-responsive device.
US1296264A (en) * 1914-06-09 1919-03-04 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Vapor-rectifier.
US1266517A (en) * 1914-10-09 1918-05-14 Gen Electric Rectifier.
US1299356A (en) * 1916-12-11 1919-04-01 Forest Radio Telephone And Telegraph Company De Apparatus for use in radiocommunication.
US1649016A (en) * 1917-12-15 1927-11-15 Western Electric Co Control apparatus for electric-discharge devices
US1534148A (en) * 1919-08-03 1925-04-21 Tri Ergon Ltd Sound-translating apparatus
US1767218A (en) * 1925-09-28 1930-06-24 Arthur B Lamb Positive-ion emitter
US1809115A (en) * 1926-07-16 1931-06-09 Robert H Goddard Apparatus for producing ions
US1931254A (en) * 1928-02-28 1933-10-17 Electrons Inc Electronic tube
US1914883A (en) * 1929-10-22 1933-06-20 Frederick G Cottrell Method and apparatus for producing ions
US2231877A (en) * 1939-02-04 1941-02-18 Electronic Res Corp Electrode arrangement for electric discharge systems
US2316276A (en) * 1940-07-05 1943-04-13 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2594777A (en) * 1950-07-14 1952-04-29 Ionics Ion controller
US2640158A (en) * 1952-01-30 1953-05-26 Ionics Ion controller
US2864024A (en) * 1954-11-16 1958-12-09 Philips Corp Glow-discharge tube
US4070163A (en) * 1974-08-29 1978-01-24 Maxwell Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for electrostatic precipitating particles from a gaseous effluent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR910133A (fr) 1946-05-28
CH256675A (fr) 1948-08-31

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