US2530859A - Ion generators - Google Patents

Ion generators Download PDF

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Publication number
US2530859A
US2530859A US755036A US75503647A US2530859A US 2530859 A US2530859 A US 2530859A US 755036 A US755036 A US 755036A US 75503647 A US75503647 A US 75503647A US 2530859 A US2530859 A US 2530859A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ions
enclosure
cylinder
electrons
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US755036A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles Daniel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CIE GENERALE DE T S F
GENERALE DE T S F Cie
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CIE GENERALE DE T S F
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Publication date
Application filed by CIE GENERALE DE T S F filed Critical CIE GENERALE DE T S F
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Publication of US2530859A publication Critical patent/US2530859A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J27/00—Ion beam tubes
    • H01J27/02—Ion sources; Ion guns
    • H01J27/16—Ion sources; Ion guns using high-frequency excitation, e.g. microwave excitation

Definitions

  • the most usual method of obtaining ions consists in causing a beam of electrons to act on gaseous molecules.
  • the output in ions shall be suflicient, one has to pass the beam of electrons into a gas having a substantial pressure in order to increase the probability of the ionizing shocks.
  • the ions are generally utilized in an enclosure the vacuum of which is very high which compels one to maintain in communication with each other two receptacles, the one containing a gas at a relatively high pressure (the enclosure within which the ions are produced) and the other one a gas of very low pressure (the enclosure in which the ions are utilized)
  • This is attained either by causing the two enclosures to communicate with each other through a hole of very small area which has the disadvantage that it limits the current of ions to a very small value, or by allowing the two enclosures to communicate widely with each other but by pumping very quickly into one of the enclosures while gas is supplied to the other one constantly.
  • the main defect of the latter method is that the consumption in the amount of gas is often prohibitive.
  • the present invention relates to an arrangement for the production of ions by which the draw backs of the methods above referred to are avoided, this being attained by acting not on the gas pressure, that is to say on the density of the molecules to be ionized, but on the probability of the ionizing electronic shocks.
  • the principle of the invention consists in causing each electron to traverse, in an enclosure where there is a low pressure, a complex trajectory which is as long as possible in a time that is as short as possible in such a manner as to increase in spite of the small density of the gaseous molecules the probability of producing ionizing shocks.
  • reference character l designates a metal cylinder surrounding a thin rod 2 arranged along its axis, the whole being placed in an enclosure E in which there is a low pressure. Between the cylinder and the rod there is produced a difference of alternating potential of very high frequency by means of a winding 3 into which there is induced a current of high frequency. The electrons which rise for example on the cylinder will then sweep the whole of the interior thereof provided that the frequency that is chosen is such that the transit time between the cylinder and the rod is equal to the period of the oscillations.
  • the whole of the cylinder in order that the whole of the cylinder shall be emitting it is constituted by a metal or an alloy having a high power of secondary emission.
  • the first electrons formed by the high frequency excitation traces of gas bombard the cylinder by following trajectories such as shown in Fig. 2; at the points of the impact new electrons are started which in their turn bombard the cylinder following trajectories analogous to the preceding ones; and so on until the Whole of the surface of the cylinder is emitting.
  • the extraction of the ions may also be effected according to the invention by means of a focussing lens which makes use of the fact thatthe maximum ionizing zone is cylindrical around the central electrode.
  • a focussing lens which makes use of the fact thatthe maximum ionizing zone is cylindrical around the central electrode. Referring to Fig. 4, this shows the zone 6 of maximum ionization and I, 8 and 9 an electronic lens with three diaphragms biassed by the source 5.
  • the regulation of the intensity of the electronic beam is effected by acting either on the frequency or on the value of the high frequency tension applied to the electrodes.
  • An arrangement of ions in an enclosure of low gas pressure constituting the enclosure of utilization of the ions comprising means of electron emission in this enclosure, means of their collection, means for elongating their trajectories between the points of emission and the points of collection, an electronic lens disposed in the same enclosure so as to channel the ions produced by the shocks of the electrons against the gaseous molecules, and a circuit of utilization of the ions connected with said lens.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
US755036A 1946-06-17 1947-06-17 Ion generators Expired - Lifetime US2530859A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR929228T 1946-06-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2530859A true US2530859A (en) 1950-11-21

Family

ID=9442325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US755036A Expired - Lifetime US2530859A (en) 1946-06-17 1947-06-17 Ion generators

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2530859A (fr)
FR (1) FR929228A (fr)
GB (1) GB648261A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3614512A (en) * 1968-04-12 1971-10-19 Philips Corp Ionizing device
US5003226A (en) * 1989-11-16 1991-03-26 Avco Research Laboratories Plasma cathode

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2296369A (en) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-26 Secr Defence Radio frequency ion source

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2197079A (en) * 1936-05-29 1940-04-16 Philips Nv Method and device for measuring pressures
US2285622A (en) * 1940-06-14 1942-06-09 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Ion source
US2334356A (en) * 1941-05-28 1943-11-16 Rca Corp Vacuum gauge

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2197079A (en) * 1936-05-29 1940-04-16 Philips Nv Method and device for measuring pressures
US2285622A (en) * 1940-06-14 1942-06-09 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Ion source
US2334356A (en) * 1941-05-28 1943-11-16 Rca Corp Vacuum gauge

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3614512A (en) * 1968-04-12 1971-10-19 Philips Corp Ionizing device
US5003226A (en) * 1989-11-16 1991-03-26 Avco Research Laboratories Plasma cathode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB648261A (en) 1951-01-03
FR929228A (fr) 1947-12-19

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