US2556881A - Negative attenuation amplifier discharge device - Google Patents

Negative attenuation amplifier discharge device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2556881A
US2556881A US163925A US16392550A US2556881A US 2556881 A US2556881 A US 2556881A US 163925 A US163925 A US 163925A US 16392550 A US16392550 A US 16392550A US 2556881 A US2556881 A US 2556881A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
guide
anode
cathode
wave
discharge device
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US163925A
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English (en)
Inventor
Elmer D Mcarthur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US163925A priority Critical patent/US2556881A/en
Priority to FR70304D priority patent/FR70304E/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2556881A publication Critical patent/US2556881A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/36—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electron discharge devices, and more particularly to electron discharge devices employed as amplifiers of high frequency electromagnetic waves.
  • an ordinary transmission system such, for example, as a wave guide or a coaxial cable
  • All of the sources of loss are commonly lumped into a factor called the attenuation constant which is a measure of how much the wave is decreased in amplitude per unit distance of travel through the system. If this attenuation constant is made negative in sign, a wave passing through the system exhibits an increased amplitude.
  • an electron discharge device in the shape of a rectangular wave guide is provided with an anode, a cathode, and a grid, each of which extends longitudinally along the guide.
  • the anode is maintained at a higher positive potential than the cathode such that a direct electric field exists between the anode and the cathode.
  • a high frequency electromagnetic wave is introduced atone end of the guide and travels along the guide parallel to the electrode structure.
  • the dyotron principle is disclosed in application, Ser. No. 772,517, filed September 6, 1947, entitled High Frequency Electric Systems Having High Input Impedance and Ser. No.
  • My negative attenuation type amplifier may be likened to a number of dyotron stages in cascade, and as the wave travels to each successive stage as it passes through the guide, it is further amplified. Consequently, the gain of the amplifier is related to the number of stages and hence to the length of the device.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section of one embodiment of my invention
  • Fig. 2 shows an end view of the device
  • Fig. 3 is a semi-transparent view of the device
  • Fig. 4 is an end view showing the electrode structure in detail.
  • an anode I extending the full length of and supported by one side of a hollow conductor or wave guide structure 2 is insulated therefrom by insulation 3.
  • Metallic plate 4 is mounted between guide 2 and insulation 3 and serves as one plate of a coupling capacitor comprising insulation 3 as the dielectric and anode I as the other plate.
  • An electric terminal 5 is connected to anode I and insulated from guide 2 by an insulating bushing 6.
  • a cathode I extending the full length of guide 2 is located opposite anode I and supported by an insulation member 8.
  • a conventional filament type heater 9 extends the full length of cathode I and has input terminals III and I I connected at opposite ends thereof.
  • a ceramic bushing I2 is located at the approximate center of the guide and serves as a support for metallic terminal I3 which extends to the cathode 1 inside the guide.
  • a multiplicity of grid wires I4 are mounted parallel to each other between cathode and anode I on metallic supports I5 and I6 which extend the full length of the guide. These supports also shield cathode I from an electromagnetic wave in the guide except for a portion of the wave which passes through grid wires I4 to it.
  • Insulators I1 and IS in combination with supports I5 and I6 and metallic strips I9 and 2! capacitively couple grid M'to cathode 1.
  • the ends of the guide are hermetically sealed by windows ZI and 22 which are made of a suitable material such, for example, as mica.
  • An electromagnetic wave to be amplified is introduced into the guide through window 2
  • the intensity of this field is related to the amplitude of the wave, and, therefore, the intensity of the field at any instant of time between any particular grid wire and a portion of the anode adjacent thereto is related to the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave at such particular grid wire at that particular instant of time.
  • a negative resistance may be produced between grid l4 and anode I by adjusting the phase angle of the current flow between cathode I and anode l to the proper value as explained in the hereinbefore cited copending applications, a negative conductance will be established across the inter-action space.
  • the negative resistance provided by dyotron action per unit length of guide may be made greater than the inherent positive conductance caused by the metal resistivity or other sources, and a wave passing through this guide will be amplified.
  • This type amplifier has the advantage of simplicity of design, the ability to be readily adapted to wave guide systems, and amplification Which is directly dependent upon its length, and no mechanical adjustments which may be disturbed by such external effects as vibration. While my invention has been disclosed by means of a particular device and construction, it will be understood that those skilled in the art may make many changes and modifications without departing from my invention, and, therefore, by the appended claim I intend to cover any such modifications which fall within the true spirit and scope of my invention.
  • An amplifier of high frequency electromagnetic waves comprising a rectangularly shaped wave guide being provided therein with an anode and a cathode mounted on opposite faces of said guide, said anode and said cathode extending the full length of said guide and being insulated therefrom, a pair of flat metallic shielding strips being mounted within said guide and being located on opposite sides of said cathode, a multiplicity of parallel grid wires being mounted on said strips and being disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of said wave guide between said anode and said cathode.

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  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
US163925A 1950-05-24 1950-05-24 Negative attenuation amplifier discharge device Expired - Lifetime US2556881A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US163925A US2556881A (en) 1950-05-24 1950-05-24 Negative attenuation amplifier discharge device
FR70304D FR70304E (fr) 1950-05-24 1951-05-22 Circuits ultra haute fréquence

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US163925A US2556881A (en) 1950-05-24 1950-05-24 Negative attenuation amplifier discharge device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2556881A true US2556881A (en) 1951-06-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US163925A Expired - Lifetime US2556881A (en) 1950-05-24 1950-05-24 Negative attenuation amplifier discharge device

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US (1) US2556881A (fr)
FR (1) FR70304E (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2697800A (en) * 1951-01-16 1954-12-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Electric discharge device
US2777906A (en) * 1953-06-26 1957-01-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Asymmetric wave guide structure
US2806951A (en) * 1951-12-04 1957-09-17 Telefunken Gmbh Coupling between microwave amplifier and wave guide
US2825877A (en) * 1952-01-30 1958-03-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrically variable wave guide resonant iris
US2834949A (en) * 1955-02-18 1958-05-13 Bomac Lab Inc Rotatable resonant iris
US2882502A (en) * 1954-04-19 1959-04-14 Cutler Hammer Inc Waveguide window
US2899647A (en) * 1959-08-11 Frequency selector of microwaves
US2908845A (en) * 1955-04-22 1959-10-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High frequency amplifier
US2920229A (en) * 1955-07-21 1960-01-05 M O Valve Co Ltd Traveling wave velocity modulation devices
US2928056A (en) * 1954-05-25 1960-03-08 Rca Corp Means for utilizing solid-state materials and devices for the electronic control of guided electromagnetic wave energy
US2939044A (en) * 1959-06-11 1960-05-31 Microwave Ass High power fast recovery waveguide windows

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2122538A (en) * 1935-01-22 1938-07-05 American Telephone & Telegraph Wave amplifier
US2153728A (en) * 1936-10-07 1939-04-11 American Telephone & Telegraph Ultra high frequency signaling
US2411535A (en) * 1940-08-02 1946-11-26 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd High-frequency electron discharge apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2122538A (en) * 1935-01-22 1938-07-05 American Telephone & Telegraph Wave amplifier
US2153728A (en) * 1936-10-07 1939-04-11 American Telephone & Telegraph Ultra high frequency signaling
US2411535A (en) * 1940-08-02 1946-11-26 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd High-frequency electron discharge apparatus

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899647A (en) * 1959-08-11 Frequency selector of microwaves
US2697800A (en) * 1951-01-16 1954-12-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Electric discharge device
US2806951A (en) * 1951-12-04 1957-09-17 Telefunken Gmbh Coupling between microwave amplifier and wave guide
US2825877A (en) * 1952-01-30 1958-03-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrically variable wave guide resonant iris
US2777906A (en) * 1953-06-26 1957-01-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Asymmetric wave guide structure
US2882502A (en) * 1954-04-19 1959-04-14 Cutler Hammer Inc Waveguide window
US2928056A (en) * 1954-05-25 1960-03-08 Rca Corp Means for utilizing solid-state materials and devices for the electronic control of guided electromagnetic wave energy
US2834949A (en) * 1955-02-18 1958-05-13 Bomac Lab Inc Rotatable resonant iris
US2908845A (en) * 1955-04-22 1959-10-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High frequency amplifier
US2920229A (en) * 1955-07-21 1960-01-05 M O Valve Co Ltd Traveling wave velocity modulation devices
US2939044A (en) * 1959-06-11 1960-05-31 Microwave Ass High power fast recovery waveguide windows

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR70304E (fr) 1959-04-06

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