US2574879A - Burner for liquid and gaseous fuels - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 13, 1951 K. H. F. LUNDBERG ET AL BURNER FOR LIQUID AND GASEOUS FUELS Filed Dec 22, 1949 haw/v6 @5715. Elm 05566.

Patented Nov. 13, 1951 UNITED STATES P TEL NT OFFICE v7 Claims. (015299-117) The present invention relates to burners for iliquid and gaseous fuels of the type comprising a casing formingan air chamber anduprovided with an air inleta-nd with an axially disposed air outlet, in which casing there is axially arranged :a tubular fuel supply member provided with a nozzle through which the fuel is adapted to be discharged and which serves also .:as a valve for the airoutlet, being movable itDW-ards and away :irom the latter.

An objectuof the invention is to provide :a burnei'xiof this type which permits the length and .conflguration of the rfiamerto be altered with-m wide limits. 1 v

Another object is itor provide a :burner oi. the type indicated vwherein the..air blasts-issuing through the axial :air outletmay be set in controllable rotating 101' swirling motion in any addusted position .of theeom-bined fuel ,nozzle and valve member relatively to the air outlet.

A further object is to provide :a burner of the :type indicated wherein the rotating or swirling motion of the issuing air blast is brought about by means of guide plates which :are displaceably mounted in longitudinal and obliquely disposed slots in said nozzle and valve member and-which maybe caused to project a desired :distancefrom said member into the space between the sameeand the surrounding inner wall .of theqburner casing .so;as to Jform in thiSISIJaCBEaLSEI'iGS ofxtangentially disposed channels through which the airis set in rotatingor swirlingmotion of desired intensity.

Further objects :of the invention will appear from the following description :of a preferred embodiment of the burner :shown in the accompany 'ing drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view-10f the burner. c

Fig. 2 is a crosssectional view .onlineII-JI of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 :is a cross sectional view .ons'line III-91H of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 :is a longitudinal sectional view of the front vportion of the burner, the details bein shownin another-position-thanin Fig. 1. Y v

Fig. 5 is a front view of the eombined'tnozzle @and valve member.

Fig. 6 is alongitudinal sectional view takencon line V'I-VI :of Fig. '3 through the rear portion pressed airand a contracted outlet portion indicatedrby 3. ,At its rear end the casing is closed by means of :a cap shaped member 4, which is temovablyeonnected to the casing by means pf screws -,5. A tubular member 6 extends centrally through :the burner easing l and is -removably -iixedzto the :cap -14 atitsrear end. For such :purnose thisasear en is formed :asa double cone- 1, e on cal surface of which en ges a conical seat 8 provided in itheacap :4, Wherea it (other conical sunface engages a eonical seat 9 pro.- vided in a rear valve section or casing 10. A nut .nlz is temabl but .no idiselaceably mounted on .valve member has the shape of 1a :frustu-m of a idoublenone. The inner wall of the outlet portion -311of the :burnertcasing i isinithe formlof a hollow icons 3 (Fig. 4:) of somewhat greater cone angle than the {conical front surface 13' [of the nozzle and valve member. Fla .1 shows the valve :m m-

eber :l 3 when advanced ;as much 1 as :possihle :50 as to elose the :air ,ioutl t :3 hi the bunner casin tEromzthisuforemostsposition thevalvemember i3 may :be:retracted so asitogforman annularslot of adjustable width between the outlet 3 of the burner casing and the valve member throu which slot .an .air blast may issue ,;fr.om the interrior @of the burner casin The conical inner surface ;3 of theeutletportion ;3 ;;is :followed by a cylindrical surface 2| 4.. In the valve member ,13 three.equidistantlyspaced-pins 15 are 'seoured'the outer ends :ofztheserpins being adap ed to slideron said ioylindrical surface, thus guiding and cenztering the combined :nozzle and valve member when the same is moved.

At its :front :end thle tubular )member J6 has %a narrow cylindrical extension .-I;6 :through whioh :the :fuel-;channel I?! also extends. ilhis cylinof a central tubular member and of :sleeves -.sur- {50 dricalextensiomengages-in laioorresnondingibore rounding the same and illustrates more in detail a mechanism :for independently moving :these iSlGBVGS. V l

Ref rrin toxthe drawings-numeral -I desi nates 3L8 iin athe :nozzleland valve member 1.3. .The gbore alt :opens at the front endof thenozzle and valve member in a number of fine diverging [ducts :t9,

which :in turnopen into :an annular groove 20 la tubularzeasing'having la-glazterai inlet ,2 doricom- 1x55 provided-lin nthecolltr tend iface of the nozzle :and

of one another.

3 valve member I3. The number of fuel ducts I9 may vary. In the embodiment shown four such symmetrically disposed ducts are provided (see Fig.

The combined nozzle and valve member I3 is provided with a number of longitudinally extending slots 2I spaced equidistantly around the same (Fig. 5). The slots 2I are made in planes parallel to but not intersecting the axis of the nozzle and valve member. In the slots 2I plates 22 are displaceably arranged, these plates at their rear ends being secured in an annular member 23 which has a rearward sleeve shaped extension 24 displaceably mounted on the sleeve I2 carrying the nozzle and valve member I3. A resilient ring 25 is mounted around the plates 22.

This ring 25 exerts a radial pressure upon--the plates 22 and serves to keep the same in the slot 2I with the inner edge of each plate 22 abutting against the bottom of its slot.

As will be understood from the above description, the valve member I3 and the plates 22, respectively, are individually displaceable relatively to the air outlet 3 of the burner casing. In all positions of the valve member I3 relatively to said air outlet the plates 22 may be retracted within the valve member or caused to project any distance from the same for the purpose of forming thereon more or less deep, tangentially disposed channels through which the issuing air blast is set in rotating or swirling motion.

At its rear end each of the two sleeves I2 and 24 terminates in a semi-cylindrical portion 26 and 21, respectively, said portions surrounding the tubular member 6 and being slidable thereon (Fig. 3). These semi-cylindrical portions are formed as racks and each rack engages with a toothed shaft 28 and 29, respectively, which extends outwardly through a stuffing box 30 and 3I respectively, provided in the wall of the burner casing. At its outer end each shaft 28 and 29 carries a hand wheel 32 and 33, respectively, provided with a pointer 34 and 35, respectively, which cooperates with a dial 36 and 37, respectively. By means of these hand wheels the valve member I3 and the plates 22 may be adjusted independently From Fig. 6 it appears more clearly that a portion of the sleeve I2 is cut away at the rear end thereof as from line I2 leaving the semi-cylindrical extension 26 which 'is toothed as at 52 for cooperation with the toothed shaft 28, and that portion of the sleeve 24 is likewise cut away at the rear end thereof as from line 24' leaving the semi-cylindrical extension 21 which is toothed as at 53 for cooperation with the toothed shaft 29. Rotation of shaft 28 causes the sleeve I2 to be moved longitudinally independently of the sleeve-24, and rotation of shaft 29 causes the sleeve 24 to be moved longitudinally independently of the sleeve I2.

The valve section I0 has an axial bore 38 communicating with the fuel channel II of the tubular member 6. A radial bore 39 opens into the axial bore 38 and is intended to be connected valve extending outwardly through a stufiing box 4I provided in the casing and carrying at its outer end a hand wheel 42 with a pointer 43 cooperating with a dial 44.

Adjacent its rear end the tubular member 6 is provided with a short'radial channel 45 which 38through a short radial channel 49 opening in front of the needle valve" 40. The radial channel 49 may be closed by means of a threaded needle valve 50 provided with a hand wheel 5 I.

- The operation of the device now described is as follows.

In Fig. 1' the fuel control valve 40 is shown in closed position and the conical valve member I3 is shown as advanced to a position in which it closes the air outlet at the front end of the burner casing I. When it is desired to start the operation of the burner the valve member I3 is somewhat retracted so that there will be formed a narrow annular slot, through which an air blast issues. The fuel control valve 40 is also opened so as to cause fuel (oil or gas) to be discharged through the nozzle ducts I9 in a suitable quantity. The mixture of fuel and air thus formed is ignited. The flame may then be adjusted by means of the three hand wheels 42, 32 and 33 controlling fuel supply, air supply and intensity of rotation of the issuing air blast, respectively.

After the hand wheel 42 controlling the fuel supply has been adjusted so as to cause a suitable fuel quantity to be discharged and the hand wheel 32 controlling the air supply has been adjusted to emit a corresponding amount of air which means that the valve member I3 has been withdrawn a suitable distance'from the position shown in Fig. 1 soas to form an annular air discharge 'slot of suitable size, it is possible by turning the hand wheel 33 to adjust the intensity of rotation of the issuing air blast between zero and a maximum value. If the guide plates 22 are entirely withdrawn within the valve member I3, a free or unobstructed conical passage is formed between the valve member I3 and the inner wall of the outlet portion 3 of: the burner casing, through 1 which passage the air issues in an essentially linear flow (zero rotation). In this case a relatively contracted flame of great length is obtained. By turning the hand wheel 33 in the direction to cause the guide plates 22 to be projected more or less from the conical front surface of the valve 4 member I3 there are formed thereon tangentially disposed channels of adjustable depth which impart a rotatingor swirling motion to the issuing air. The more the guide plates 22 are advanced,

' between the valve member I3 and the outlet portion 3 of the burner casing'is divided into channels by the guide plates 22, said channels guiding the air and imparting a rotating or swirling motion to the same. When the rotation of the air is increased, the length of the flame is diminished, thefiame finally assuming the shape of a slightly conical disc close to the burner out 1 let.

By way of example Fig. 4 shows the valve member I3 when withdrawn to its extreme rear posivalve member I3 to such extent that the main iterative iiortien or the conical passage between the naive inihb'ei' and the butletpo-i' tion 315i theburner casing is divided into channels which impart a rotatmg or swirling moiti'onto theair blast.

' When it is desired-to clean the fuel channels H, 19 the tubular 1 1161 subply' membert and nozzle member 13 the fuel control-valve 4-0 and the axial air outlet frorn the burner casingare closed and the needle valveill is opened where- 'an air blast win pass trim the air chamber through the ducts 45, 46-, 41,- 48 and 49. to the rear end of the fuel channel I! and from thence outwardly through the channel 11 andthe ducts 19. r -Q Various modifications of the burner as described above are conceivable within the sc'opeoi the invention defined-by the appended claims; Thus, the conicity of the surface 3' rand-13" may vary, and the surfaced, i. e. the portion of the inner wen or the burner casing which'is closest to the an outlet, may even assume the shape of a plane surface extending aerpendicuianry to the axis of 'the burner casing. Instead of hein'gconical the va-Ive member l3 may have any "other suitable foi' mi Thus, the same may be formed as a segtiieht "of a sphere, an ellipsoid, p'ai' aboloid, hyperboloid etc. 1 e whatweclaimisz 1 a 1. In a burner for liquid and-gaseous i-uels, "a casing formingan air chamber and provided with an airinl'et and with an axial air outlet, a tubuiar fu'l supply member extending axially through said casing' in spaced i'elation to the same and terminating adjacent said air outlet, af'noz zle -meinber mounted on saidtnbulariuel 'supply inember, through nozzle member the fuel is adapted to be discharged-, said -no'zzle member serving also as a 'varve for the air outlet and bem movame in axial di'reetiontowards and away fTOm the same -fO-i' iibr'iti oll ing the Hill-10111117 dial-1- is'sui'ng tneretnrough, the ndzzlemember being provided with a number of l'on'gitud-inailly extendi'ng oblique slots, a series of guide plates displaceably mounted in said tslo'tspand means associated with said burner casing "for independently mouing said guide plates axially relatively to Saidno'zzle member so as to ipe'rmi t the guide plates tob'e retracted into andwcaused to project from' -the n'ozzle member inivarious positions of the latter relatively --to the :air outlet "so as to divide the space between the nozzle member and the surrounding inner wall of the burner easing into a series of tangential-1y disposed air; channels of a depth corresponding to the iengthof the prodection portionsof the guide platesand by which the air blast issuing, through the'air. outlet and mixing withthe discharged fuel is-set in controllab'le motion permitting the length and configuration of the flame to be altered within wide limits.

2. In a burner for liquid and gaseousfuels, a casing forming an "air chamber and provided with an air inlet and with a tapering axial air outlet, a -"calm-11arruei@su'ppiy meirxber extending axially-through said casing in spaced relation 5 dmieituuiinallyextendin cobhquel slots, agseriesr.

fer-guide plates cisoleeeably mounted in said slots, associated with said burner "casing an inde endently moving said guide plates relatheir to said nozzle member so as to permit the guide plates to be retracted into and caused to -.pi-o eetrrom the nozzle member "in various positions of the latter relatively to the air outlet so to divide the space between the nozzle member and the surrounding inner wall "of the burner cas ing into -'a series of tangentially disposed air channels of a depth corresponding to the length of the prol'iection portions of the guide plates and by which the air blast issuing through the air outlet and mixing with the discharged fuel is set controllable swirling motion permitting the length and configuration of the flame to be altered "within wide limits.

3. -InLa :burner'for liquid and gaseous fuels, a tubular casing forming an air chamber and provided with a lateral air inlet and with an axially idisposed air outlet, a fixed tubular fuel supply member extending axially through said casing in l spaeed relation to the same and terminating besaid air outlet, a first sleeve displaceably mounted on said tubular supply member, a fuel nozzl'e secured to the front end of said sleeve and being movable therewith towards. and away from said an outlet to serve also as a valve for. controlling the amount or 'airissuing therethrough, said fuel nozzle being provided with a number of circumferentially spaced oblique longitudinally 'Feiitending slots, a second sleeve concentric with :said first sleeve and displaceably mounted thereon, a series of :guide plates slid'a'bly arranged within the slots of the fuel nozzle and connected to said second sleeve, and means :for independently moving said two sleeves axially for adjusting the position of the fuel i-nozzle relatively to the air outlet to control the amount of air issuing therethrough and for causing the guide plates to project irom said fuel nozzle a desired distance -so =asto form in the space betweensaid :fuel nozzle and the su'rorunding inner wall of the burner casing a series or tangentially disposed air channels of adjustable depth by which the air blast issuing through the air outlet and mixing with the discharged fuel is set in controllable swirling motion permitting the length and :condfiguration of the name to be altered within wide limits. :4; aiburner for liquid and gaseous fuels. a "tubular 'casing'forming a'n air chamber and comi irismg :atdhular from section provided with a "lateral air-inlet and'with an axially disposed air outlet, and "a rear cap shaped section removably connected to said tubular front section and rovided in its end face with an axially disposed *conical seat, a valve section -rem'ovably connected to the rearend -of said cap shaped section and provided a conical seat racing the corneal seat of the cap s'haped portion and with a fuel duct and a valve "for controlling the fiow of fuel theret'hrough, a tubular member extending through said casing in spaced "relation to the eams and formed at its rear end with a double conicaliportionseated the aforesaid two conical seats and clamped between the-same, the duct or said tubular member communicating with the fuel du'ct insaid valve section, a first sleeve disspla'c'eably mounted on said tubular fuel supply member, a "fuel nozzle secured to the front end of said sleeve and being movable therewith tor-wards and away from said an outlet to serve also as a valve itor controlling theamountof air iissuing therethrou'gh, said ful nozzle being 'provided with a number of circumferentiallyspaced oblique longitudinally extending slots, a second sleeve concentric with said first sleeve and displaceably mounted thereon, a series of guide plates slidably arrangedwithin the slots ofthe fuel nozzle and connected to said second sleeve,

and means for independently moving said two sleeves axially for adjusting the position, of the fuel nozzle relatively to the air outlet to, control the amount of air issuing therethrough and for causing the guide plates to project from said fuel nozzle a desired distance so as to form in the space between said fuel nozzle and the surrounding inner wall of the burner casing a series of tangentially disposed airchannels of adjustable depth by which the air blast issuing through the air outlet and mixing with the discharged fuel is set in controllable swirling motion permitting the length and configuration of the flame .to be altered within wide limits.

. 5. In a burner for liquid and gaseous fuels, a tubular casing provided with an air inlet and with a contracted axial air outlet portion having a conical inner surface, a tubular fuel supply member extending axially through said casing in spaced relation to the same and terminating behind said air outlet, a conical nozzle member through which thefuel is adapted to be discharged mounted on. said tubular fuel supply member, said nozzle member having a cone angle which is less than the cone angle of the conical inner surface of the outlet portion of the casing and being movable in axial direction towards and away from the air outlet to serve as a valve for controlling the amount of air issuing therethrough, the nozzle member being provided with a number of longitudinally extending oblique .slots,-,a series of guideplates having their front space between the nozzle member and the surrounding inner wall of the burner easing into a. series of tangentially disposed air channels of a depth corresponding to the length of the projecting portions of saidwguide plates and by which the air blast issuing through the air, outlet and mixing with the discharged fuel is set in controllable swirling motion permitting the length and configuration of the flame to be altered within wide limits.

6. In a burnerfor liquid and gaseous fuels, a tubular casing forming an air chamber and provided with a lateral air inlet and with an. axially disposed air outlet, a fixed tubular fuel supply member extending axially through said casing in spaced relation to the same and terminating behind said air outlet, a first sleeve displaceably mounted on said tubular fuel supply member, a fuel nozzle secured to the front end of said sleeve and being movable therewith towards and away from said air outlet to serve also as a valve for controlling the amount of air issuing therethrough, said fuel nozzle being provided with a number of circumferentially spaced oblique longitudinally extending slots, a second sleeve concentric with said first sleeve and displaceably -mounted thereon, a series of guide plates slidably .arranged within the slots of the fuel nozzle and connected to said second sleeve, part of each of said sleeves being formed as a rack, and means' including a toothed shaft extending through the Wall of the burner casingand engaging the rack portion of each sleeve for independently moving the same axially'for adjusting the position of the fuel nozzle relatively to the air outlet to control the amount of air issuing therethrough and for causing the guide plates to project from saidfuel nozzle a desired distance so as to form in the space between said fuel nozzle and the surrounding inner wall of the burner casing a series, of tangentially disposed air channels of adjustable depth by which the air blast issuing through the air outlet and mixing withthe discharged fuel is set in controllable swirling motion permitting the length and configuration of the flamev to be altered within wide limits.

7. In a burner for liquid and gaseous fuels, a casing forming an air chamber and provided with an air inlet and with an axial air outlet, a tubular fuel supply member extending axially through said casing in spaced relation to the same and terminating adjacent said air outlet, a nozzle member mounted on said tubular fuel supply member, through which nozzle member the fuel is adapted to be discharged, said nozzlemember serving also as a valve for the; air outlet and being movable in axial direction towards and ,away from the same for controlling the amount of air issuing therethrough, the nozzle member being provided with a number of longitudinally extending oblique slots, a series of guide plates displaceably mounted in said slots, means associated with said burner casing for independently moving said guide plates axially relatively tov said nozzle member so as to permit the guide plates to be retracted into and caused to project from the nozzle member in various positions of the latter relatively to the air outlet so as to divide the space between the nozzle member and the surrounding inner wall of the burner easing into a series of tangentially disposed air channels of a depth corresponding to the length of the projection portions of said guide plates and by which the air blast issuing through the air outlet andv mixing with the discharged fuel is set in controllable swirling motion permitting the length and configuration of the .flame to be altered within wide limits, and means including a valve controlled duct extending at least in part through said tubular fuel supply member and connecting said air chamber with the rear end of the fuel channel in said tubular fuel supply member for the purpose of permitting cleaning of the fuel channel by means of an air blast.

KURT HUGO FQLKE LUNDBERG. KARL EINAR. LUNDBERG.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 638,340 Kermode Dec. 5, 1899 746,525 Knobbs Dec. 8, 1903 945,080 Brett Jan. 4, 1910 1,318,160 Lindsey Oct. 7, 1919 1,369,605 Bellon Feb. 22, 1921 2,242,787 Lieberherr May 20, 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country I Date 515,883 GreatBritain Dec. 18, 1939

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