US2657542A - Liquid oxygen converter apparatus - Google Patents

Liquid oxygen converter apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2657542A
US2657542A US25077751A US2657542A US 2657542 A US2657542 A US 2657542A US 25077751 A US25077751 A US 25077751A US 2657542 A US2657542 A US 2657542A
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Prior art keywords
pressure
liquid
valve
container
gas
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English (en)
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William A Wildhack
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Priority claimed from US645692A external-priority patent/US2576985A/en
Priority to GB333747A priority Critical patent/GB637514A/en
Priority to FR942181D priority patent/FR942181A/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US25077751 priority patent/US2657542A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/02—Gases
    • A61M2202/0208—Oxygen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/03—Gases in liquid phase, e.g. cryogenic liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2931—Diverse fluid containing pressure systems
    • Y10T137/3115—Gas pressure storage over or displacement of liquid
    • Y10T137/3127—With gas maintenance or application
    • Y10T137/313—Gas carried by or evolved from liquid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7781—With separate connected fluid reactor surface
    • Y10T137/7793—With opening bias [e.g., pressure regulator]
    • Y10T137/7796—Senses inlet pressure

Definitions

  • This invention relates to liquid oxygen converters, and more particularly to such converters adaptable for use in aeronautics for oxygen supply to personnel at high altitudes, for charging oxygen containers for such supply, and other similar purposes wherever controlled quantities of liquid oxygen might be desired to be transferred either as a liquid, or converted and transferred in gaseous form most economically.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide apparatus for handling liquid oxygen safely and economically and to construct means for transferring it either as liquid or converting it into gaseous form and transferring it to supply or storage containers or directly to the point of use, such as breathing masks, or for internal combustion engine or rocket feeding, etc.
  • a further object is to construct apparatus in connection with a liquid oxygen container for converting and delivering the oxygen in gaseous form at any required rate to a supply line in a most economical manner by simple and quickly responsive means.
  • Fig. 1 is a view of apparatus illustrating the principle of operation
  • Fig. 2 is a view of the specific arrangement of the claimed apparatus.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of an adjustable pressure-closing valve insertible in the pressure line of the apparatus.
  • the pressure increase is the same in the liquid phase as in the gaseous phase, so that the circulation, which depends only on a difierential pressure due to the height of the liquid column above the evaporator, continues the process until stopped by a pressure-operated valve, or, in an ultra high-pressure system, until the density of the warm gas at the high pressure approaches that of the liquid.
  • FIG. 1 The schematic diagram of model I is shown in Fig. 1. Besides the container I, filling and withdrawal means 2, relief valve 3, and pressure gage 4, there are four rather independent flow or pressure circuits which are parts of the total converter assembly: the pressure build-up circuit, the supply circuit, an optional economizing circuit, and the contents measuring circuit.
  • the container as illustrated, has an upper section which normally contains the gas and a lower section which normally contains the liquid, these sections being also referred to as gas phase and liquid phase sections.
  • the container I having a vacuum jacket 46 is provided with a bottom connection which has a gooseneck 5 or other liquid trap. Attached to this is an evaporating and warming coil 6 (pressure build-up evaporator) which is connected to the vapor phase 1 above the liquid 8 through a pressure evaporator is acted upon at one-end -byfih epres: sure of the liquid, at the other; end bythepries: sure of the gaseous phase.
  • Themressurediers ence is just that of the column of liquid;- Ifno evaporation occurred, the liquid would then flow.
  • pressure evaporator coilv an unbalance of pressure, occurs and persists and causes a continuing circulation; forcin gasinto; the space 7 above the liquid and increasing the pressure by; QUIT ⁇ :- pression. This; pressure is transmitted through the liquid, so that the pressure at the bottom of the liquid increases at the same rate as that abbveit.
  • the rate of increase of pressure isa function f t e pressure. f. i 1l 1.,h a h iq e r the e ra warmin wil th rei t n e o ow n the i eu etm c r uitth lum li h se. t gereaoi he liquid surface.
  • the pressure has been raised from atmospheric tq 9 p s iginfrog n i one to minutes, the longer time being required in a model in' which there" was a considerable restriction to flow in the connection to" the drain tube. From 2 to 5 minutes appears to be a'reasonably attainable performance for service models. If a cylindrical container were used, an insulating float covering most of the liquid surface might aid in reducing the amount of gas to bercondensed andreduce the time required.
  • the pressure drop across the warming coil must-beconeiderecl;particularly since it is desirable; to providefo'r'peak flow rates considerably larger than th e continuous rating.
  • a tube of relatively large diameter is thus preferred, especiall'i's'inceHt principle, about the only lirn ation onthiinstantaneous flows available.
  • Contemts indicationie The amount of liquid remaining in the containerriiay be determined by the'jdifference in pressure between the gas phase and th bOttbhI Outlet.
  • a differential pressure gage it of a range 0' to lOor ZOinChe's'of water c'of'rine'ct'e d asshown is suitableffor this purposel
  • the differential pressure" isy of' course, not'proportionalto content for a sphe'r'ical container, and the g'age'must be designed or calibrated accordingly.
  • the lines' lfl" andZc to the gage may be of very sirnall, light tubing, and ⁇ may extend to a considerable distance, providing for remote indication.
  • Filling-Provision is made in the model shown for filling at either the top through a vent or filling valve 2
  • a pressure-opening valve l5 may be added to permit withdrawal from the gas phase when the pressure is above normal, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • a loaded check valve 23 is also required to ensure that the pressure at the pressure-opening valve and the pressure in the delivery line, is less than that in the gaseous phase in the container. Without this, there would be the possibility of circulation through the pressure-opening valve, causing the pressure to build up still higher.
  • Charging converter As a converter of oxygen, the applications of the device so far described would presumably be mainly in supplying breathing oxygen in hospitals and in aircraft, and supplying welding and burning oxygen .in industry. Another application which may be of some importance is in charging high pressure cylinders with gas. For
  • the converter must be structurally able .to withstand the charging pressure.
  • any of the methods known in the art of heat interchanger design could be used to increase the conversion rate.
  • Several coils could'be used in parallel, if desired, or the evaporator could be surrounded by water, ventilated by a forced draft, or heated by a flame or electric heater. In charging cylinders, a high conversion rate is desirable, but there is no need for the delivered gas to be warmed very near the ambient temperature.
  • a differential pressure gage across a restriction is a simple method of indication, if suitably strong difierential gages are available.
  • a pressure-opening valve, installed near the charging valve, would serve as a flow regulator if the restriction to flow in the evaporator were made such that the, pressure drop for excessive flow would cause the pressureopening valve to close, when the pressure in the liquid container was justat its normal value.
  • Liquid transfer I When the main evaporator is replaced by an insulated delivery line, a liquid transfer appara containers.
  • the pressure built up for forcing the liquid 7 through the delivery line does not involve warming of the delivered liquid; hence, cold liquid of low vapor pressure can be delivered. This eliminates the evaporation which would otherwise permit transfer.
  • High pressure equipment of this type may serve in fuel and gas injection in rocket and jet engines,
  • the conventional spherical shape, with pro tecting neck, is simplest to make and is fairly efficient. However, cylindrical shapes may be more suitable for some applications, and a shorter neck may be desirable for compactness.
  • An alternate construction would be to support the inner container by long wires of low heat conductivity, with coiled tubes for access to the cavity.
  • the access tubes When the access tubes are not used for support, they may be made of corrugated tubing to further increase the heat leak path.
  • the container needs to be protected from blows which might dent or rupture the outer shell, and from shocks which might overstress the inner neck. Also the occupants of the aircraft need to be protected from pieces of the apparatus if it blows up when hit by gunfire.
  • the container should be strengthened to prevent this failure, or an auxiliary enclosure should be provided to restrain the parts from being blown away.
  • the latter solution has seemed easiest to pursue.
  • a network of small cable, holding top and bottom collars on the container, has been found to prevent large fragments from flying.
  • these collars may also serve as means for supporting and restraining the container, when fastened to the supporting frame, the, cost of the increased safety in added weight is fairly small.
  • shock abocrbing suspension or material such as sponge rubber or felt
  • liquid drain tube is best made of stainless steel, for the same reasons as given above. Thin walled tubing can be used and a considerable length can be coiled inside the evacuated space, so that the added heat leak due to this connection can be made very small.
  • this drain tube should be made with the requirements of the contents gage in mind.
  • the pressure-measuring connection of the gage is made just outside the container wall. This connection should be at a level such that the pressure at that point will be the same whether the tube is filled with liquid, as during withdrawal, or filled with gas from the liquid trap or gooseneck outward, as when not in use.
  • valve 9 should offer low resistance to flow when open; should close in a narrow pressure range; then should be nearly leak tight against the pressure differential due to the head of liquid in the container.
  • all the experimental models used have been made with one side of the pressure actuated bellows open to the atmosphere.
  • the valve opens when the gage pressure in the container falls below the set value.
  • the valves could be constructed with sealed bellows, to maintain a constant absolute pressure in the container. The gage pressure would then vary with altitude. Since the operation of lowpressure o ygen regulators (e. g. those designed for supply pressures of 10-15 p. s. i.
  • gage is dependent on gage rather than on absolute pressures, the maintenance of nearly constant gage pressure is desirable in supplying these regulators.
  • a deviation of 5 or 10 p, s. i. in the gage pressure might seriously affect their performance.
  • regulators operating on pressures of p. s. i. or higher, a variation of 5-10 p. s. i. is not apt to be critical, and there is no basis for choice between constant gage or constant absolute supply pressures.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the construction of the adjustable pressure-closing valve .5 which has been found to have acceptable characteristics.
  • the valve head 53 is attached b stem 54 to the bellows 55 backed by spring 56, the pressure of which may be adjusted by adjusting screw 51 which is locked in place by lock nut 58.
  • the adjusting screw extends through the valve chamber head 53 on which the bellows 55 is mounted.
  • the inside of the bellows may be sealed forconstant absolute pressure delivery or may be open to atmosphere, as by a vent 60, for pressure relative to atmosphere or constant gage pressure, Similar valves have, been constructed in which a manual-closing override is integrally provided.
  • Pressure-opening vaZve (The pressureopening valve l5 used in some arrangements operates on the same principle as the pressureclosing valve 9, but the valve opens instead of closing as the bellows is compressed. The construction therefore is quite similar. The initial adjustment should be such that this valve will not open until the pressureeclosing valve has definitely closed, and that it will close on decreasing pressures before the other one opens.
  • Relief valve (i) Relief valve.--Since excessive pressures may occur, due to long standing, leakage through the pressure-closing valve in the build-up circuit, or excessive heat leak because of structural failures, provision is required for venting gas to reduce or limit the pressure.
  • a conventional spring-loaded relief valve 3 is suitable for this purpose. Special requirements are that the leakage should be negligible at normal operating pressures, even after the pressure has previously been large enough to open the relief valve; the relief-flow capacity should be large enough to balance any heat leak apt to occur; To provide adequate emergency relief, a frangible disc may also be found desirable.
  • the relief valve exhaust port should be so located that frost will not be formed where it can subsequently cause corrosion or freezing of the valve.
  • the valve itself can be located so that the escaping gas under normal operation (venting just enough to balance normal heat leak) is warmed to ambient temperatures before reaching the valve.
  • a mercury manometer of glass or plastic is simple to design and is quite satisfactory except This would occur only when the ambient temperature was -40 C. or lower, however, since the liquid oxygen is far removed from the gage and has no cooling effect on it.
  • Liquid-gas converter apparatus comprising an insulated container having lower and upper sections, a pressure build-up circuit having an evaporating and warming coil between the lower and upper sections of the container, a supply circuit having an evaporating and warming coil connected to the lower section, and a liquid trap device connected in the pressure build-up circuit between the evaporating and warming coil and the lower section of the container, said coils being combined as a single coil unit common to both circuits.
  • liquid-oxygen converter apparatus as defined in claim 1 including additionally a pressure actuated cut-off valve connected between the upper section of said container and the upper end of the common coil unit to complete the pressure build-up circuit, and an economizing circuit having a pressure-opening valve actuated at a pressure above that of the pressure actuated cutoff valve, connected between the upper container section and the outlet of the supply circuit.
  • Liquid oxygen converter apparatus comprising an insulated container having upper and lower sections, pressure build-up and supply circuits having a common evaporating and warming coil substantially below the normal level of the liquid in said container, a liquid trap interposed between said coil and the lower section of said container, a cut-off valve connected between the upper section of said container and the upper end of said coil to complete the pressure build-up circuit, and a delivery outlet connected between said cut-off valve and coil to complete the supply circuit.
  • liquid oxygen converter apparatus as defined in claim 3, including additionally an economizing circuit connected between the upper section of said container and said delivery outlet in parallel to said cut-off valve, said economizing circuit including a valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
US25077751 1946-02-05 1951-10-10 Liquid oxygen converter apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2657542A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB333747A GB637514A (en) 1946-02-05 1947-02-04 Liquid oxygen converters
FR942181D FR942181A (fr) 1946-02-05 1947-02-05 Appareil convertisseur ou transformateur d'oxygène liquide
US25077751 US2657542A (en) 1946-02-05 1951-10-10 Liquid oxygen converter apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US645692A US2576985A (en) 1946-02-05 1946-02-05 Liquid oxygen converter
US25077751 US2657542A (en) 1946-02-05 1951-10-10 Liquid oxygen converter apparatus

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Publication Number Publication Date
US2657542A true US2657542A (en) 1953-11-03

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FR (1) FR942181A (fr)
GB (1) GB637514A (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2741094A (en) * 1951-08-27 1956-04-10 British Oxygen Co Ltd Method of and apparatus for dispensing gases
US2885864A (en) * 1955-10-14 1959-05-12 United Aircraft Prod Heat transfer system using expendable coolant
US2951348A (en) * 1956-07-24 1960-09-06 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for storage and distribution of low-temperature liquids
US2958204A (en) * 1956-08-13 1960-11-01 Aro Equipment Corp Liquid oxygen converter
US2970452A (en) * 1959-04-01 1961-02-07 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for supplying liquefied gas
US3001375A (en) * 1959-08-14 1961-09-26 Mine Safety Appliances Co Oxygen distribution system
DE1134399B (de) * 1958-12-11 1962-08-09 Normalair Ltd Einrichtung zur Sicherstellung der Sauerstoff-versorgung zweier Entnahmestellen aus einem einzigen Umwandler fuer fluessigen Sauerstoff
US3174294A (en) * 1958-12-19 1965-03-23 Air Reduction Oxygen dispensing
US3232066A (en) * 1959-12-09 1966-02-01 Litton Systems Inc Gravitationless liquid oxygen handling system
US3255597A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-06-14 Firewel Company Inc Method and apparatus for maintaining temperature in an enclosure
US3838576A (en) * 1971-02-12 1974-10-01 Parker Hannifin Corp Integrated emergency oxygen and fuel tank inerting system
US5165246A (en) * 1991-11-15 1992-11-24 Praxair Technology Inc. Transport trailer for ultra-high-purity cryogenic liquids
EP3896328A1 (fr) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-20 Chart Inc. Système de distribution de gaz comprenant une gestion de la pression et de la chaleur du réservoir
US12560241B2 (en) * 2017-06-23 2026-02-24 Engineered Controls International, Llc Cryogenic cylinder control system, globe valve, and solenoid valve

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2252830A (en) * 1939-05-24 1941-08-19 Linde Air Prod Co Method and apparatus for dispensing gas material
US2576985A (en) * 1946-02-05 1951-12-04 William A Wildhack Liquid oxygen converter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2252830A (en) * 1939-05-24 1941-08-19 Linde Air Prod Co Method and apparatus for dispensing gas material
US2576985A (en) * 1946-02-05 1951-12-04 William A Wildhack Liquid oxygen converter

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2741094A (en) * 1951-08-27 1956-04-10 British Oxygen Co Ltd Method of and apparatus for dispensing gases
US2885864A (en) * 1955-10-14 1959-05-12 United Aircraft Prod Heat transfer system using expendable coolant
US2951348A (en) * 1956-07-24 1960-09-06 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for storage and distribution of low-temperature liquids
US2958204A (en) * 1956-08-13 1960-11-01 Aro Equipment Corp Liquid oxygen converter
DE1134399B (de) * 1958-12-11 1962-08-09 Normalair Ltd Einrichtung zur Sicherstellung der Sauerstoff-versorgung zweier Entnahmestellen aus einem einzigen Umwandler fuer fluessigen Sauerstoff
US3174294A (en) * 1958-12-19 1965-03-23 Air Reduction Oxygen dispensing
US2970452A (en) * 1959-04-01 1961-02-07 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for supplying liquefied gas
US3001375A (en) * 1959-08-14 1961-09-26 Mine Safety Appliances Co Oxygen distribution system
US3232066A (en) * 1959-12-09 1966-02-01 Litton Systems Inc Gravitationless liquid oxygen handling system
US3255597A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-06-14 Firewel Company Inc Method and apparatus for maintaining temperature in an enclosure
US3838576A (en) * 1971-02-12 1974-10-01 Parker Hannifin Corp Integrated emergency oxygen and fuel tank inerting system
US5165246A (en) * 1991-11-15 1992-11-24 Praxair Technology Inc. Transport trailer for ultra-high-purity cryogenic liquids
US12560241B2 (en) * 2017-06-23 2026-02-24 Engineered Controls International, Llc Cryogenic cylinder control system, globe valve, and solenoid valve
EP3896328A1 (fr) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-20 Chart Inc. Système de distribution de gaz comprenant une gestion de la pression et de la chaleur du réservoir
CN113531384A (zh) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-22 查特股份有限公司 具有罐压力和热量管理的气体分配系统
US11649929B2 (en) 2020-04-14 2023-05-16 Chart Inc. Gas dispensing system with tank pressure and heat management

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR942181A (fr) 1949-02-01
GB637514A (en) 1950-05-24

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