US2661647A - Ratchet type impact tool - Google Patents

Ratchet type impact tool Download PDF

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Publication number
US2661647A
US2661647A US173183A US17318350A US2661647A US 2661647 A US2661647 A US 2661647A US 173183 A US173183 A US 173183A US 17318350 A US17318350 A US 17318350A US 2661647 A US2661647 A US 2661647A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tool
ratchet
handle
rotor
impact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US173183A
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English (en)
Inventor
Oscar J Swenson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US173183A priority Critical patent/US2661647A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2661647A publication Critical patent/US2661647A/en
Priority to BE594941A priority patent/BE594941Q/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B19/00—Impact wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B25B13/463—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an externally toothed wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/142—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1422—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
    • B25B23/1427—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by mechanical means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to hand-operated impact tools d, o a ti ul rl t a ha d -o era d tool for applying magnified force to threaded type fastenings.
  • c ew n t e l s alrea n wn- T mmon type of impact tool is one which employs a small electric motor as the driving force and is adapted to use in assembly line shops where one operator performs a single operation on a large number of nuts or bolts.
  • Such a tool has limited use, however, because it must be used proximate to an electrical outlet and it is suitable for employment only on relatively small threaded fastenings.
  • the tool has the further disadvantage of causing operator fatigue due to the vibration and impact which is transmitted to the operator.
  • this invention provides a hand-operated tool which is capable of imparting a concentrated torsional force of considerably greater magnitude than the force that may be applied directly with a conventional hand! operated tool.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a hand-Operated tool which is capable of imparting a torsional force of great magnitude in com bination with a ratchet element thereby to pe r' mit operation of the tool in a limited space.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a hand-operated tool which is capable of imparting a concentrated torsional force of adjustable and controlled magnitude.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a tool embodying the invention
  • u e 2 is a n i ud na s ion l view through the rotor head of the tool;
  • Figure 3 is a partial sectional view taken along the lines 3- 3 of Figure l.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of the head of the tool taken along a line corresponding to the lines 4-4 of Figure 3.
  • the present invention contemplates a handoperated impact tool embodying a torque magnifying feature.
  • the tool may have a ratchet arrangement fo hs n m ted s ace andth tool a may a e a to ue on rollin or limltingieature.
  • a rotor I 2 comprising anannular surj face 2 and a top plate 3 is associated with a handle element 4 and a spring 5.
  • the rotor l is made up of the body I 6 4;) into which is Set th DELW IS 1 Q1568 v which are pivoted at 5 and I0 respectively land which are held in exte ded position by the S rings andlZ.
  • a ratchetwheel I3 ' is adapted to fit within the annular opening in the rotor l.
  • the teeth IQ, of the ratchet it are adapted to engage the leading edges ofthe pawls 1 and 8 in their advanced position.
  • the ratchet [3 is carried on its bear.- ing surfaces ⁇ 5 and I6 ( Figure'3) within the trunnions ll and lfi which are integral partsoi the extensions 19 and 3 9, respectively, of the handle 4.
  • end ofthe extension l9 and of its companion extension 39 are pivotally ass ch ated with the ratchet wheel 13.
  • the extension 15 has a pair of cam shaped surfaces 20 and 2
  • the rot r 3 is restrained from rotation under influence of the spring 5 by contact of the shoulder 21 against the extension IQ of the handle member 4.
  • the graduated dial 28 imprinted on the extension IQ of the handle member 4 (Fig. 1) and the arrow 29 imprinted on the outer end of the arbor part 22 allow the operator to make reproducible settings f the tension on the spring at any desired value Within its range.
  • the extension 3! is inserted into the matching square opening of the socket 33 and the socket is fitted over a nut 34 on a bolt 35.
  • the handle 4 is then rotated clockwise about the axis of the shaft extension 3
  • the handle 4 may be operated in a reciprocating motion thereby employing the ratchet feature of the tool. In either mode of operation the unique features of the tool commence to function as soon as the nut becomes tight enough to offer resistance to further rotation.
  • the resistance of the nut 34 is carried through the socket 33 to the shaft extension 31 and to the ratchet wheel l3.
  • the ratchet is held in constant angular relationship with the nut and ceases rotating when the nut ceases.
  • the rotor I likewise ceases rotation because the pawvls I and 8 are bearing against the teeth M of the ratchet l3.
  • the rotor I accelerates rapidly in a clockwise direction impelled by the energy previously stored in the spring 5 by the movement of the handle 4.
  • the rate of rotation attained by the rotor l is many times greater than could be developed by direct application of manual force to the rotor.
  • the springs H and 12 cause them to return to their original advanced position relative to the rotor. At this time the cam surfaces 20 and 2
  • the pawls 1 and 8 thus engage the next opposed pair of teeth l4 on the ratchet wheel l3 and the rotational energy contained in the swiftly moving rotor I is released suddenly as impact between the pawls I and 8 and the teeth of the ratchet wheel !3.
  • the ratchet and pawl members also serve as anvil and hammer members, respectively.
  • This impact gives a rotational impetus to the ratchet wheel l3 which is transmitted to'the extension 3! and through the engaging socket 33 to the nut 35.
  • a large force has been brought to bear against the nut as a result of the action of the tool which has built up a large torsional force in the spring dur ing the rotation of the handle 4.
  • the han- 4 dle may be operated alternatively in a reciprocating motion.
  • the counterclockwise portion of the reciprocated motion cycle will cause the rotor l to rotate counterclockwise along with the handle 4 because the extensions [9 and 39 of the handle engage the shoulder 21 of the rotor when counterclockwise motion has begun. Since the ratchet wheel 13 is being held stationary by its connection with the socket and nut, the pawls l and 3 drag over the ratchet teeth l4 and offer almost negligible resistance to movement of the rotor and the handle in counterclockwise direction.
  • each of the pawls 1 and 8 will engage thenext ratchet teeth M in a clock- "wise direction from them. Further rotation of the handle in a clockwise direction will then produce repreated impacts against the nut in the manner described.
  • the tool After operating the tool in the manner described for a time sufficient to cause it to impart several impacts to the nut, an equilibrium is reached between'the resistance offered by the nut to further rotation and the torsional force imparted to it by each additional impact. Under continued subjection to impacts of the same intensity, the nut will not be further rotated or tightened. Hence, the tool functions as a torque controlling or torque limiting wrench in the man ner hereafter described.
  • the initial tension of the spring 5 determines the amount of energy'which can be stored in it and released at each impact. It is a feature of the tool that the tension on the spring, and
  • the force of the impacts can be adjusted by a simple adjustment of the arbor parts in the tool.
  • the arbor parts are manually rotated by means of suitable common wrenches in a suitable direction.
  • the arbor parts may then be locked in the desired position by tightening the lock screw 3% which seats the shoulders 36 and 31 frictionally against the handle extensions 39 and IS.
  • the degree of spring tension may be reproduced at each setting by simply aligning the arrow 29 with a predetermined number on the graduated dial 28.
  • the various features of the tool make it particularly useful inth'e operation of tightening f and loosening bolts andnuts of large size, e g1 ⁇ the size used in high pressure "chemical equipment.
  • the device is small and light in weight and can easily be operated in a limited space by an operator of normal strength.
  • a manually operable impact tool the combination of a rotatable tool head for engaging a threaded type fastening, manually actuated driving means, driving connections therebetween including ratchet and pawl members adapted to prevent relative movement of said driving means and said head in one direction and to allow relative movement thereof in another direction, a handle, cam means associated therewith for effecting separation of said ratchet and pawl members in response to movement of said handle when movement of said head is resisted by a predetermined force and spring means adapted to store up energy from the movement of said handle and to release said energy as impact energy upon the re-establishment of contact between said ratchet and pawl members.
  • a manually operable impact tool the combination of a rotatable tool head for engaging a threaded type fastening, manually actuated driving means, driving connections therebetween including ratchet and pawl members adapted to prevent relative movement of said driving means and said head in one direction and to allow relative movement thereof in another direction, a handle, cam means associated therewith for effecting separation of said ratchet and pawl members in response to movement of said handle when -movement of said head is resisted by a predetermined force, spring means adapted to store up energy from the movement of said handle and to release said energy as impact energy upon the reestablishment of contact between said ratchet and pawl members, and means for adjusting the original tension on said spring means.
  • a rotatable tool head for engaging a threaded type fastening
  • manually actuated driving means, driving connection therebetween including ratchet and pawl members adapted to prevent relative movement of said driving means and said head in one direction and to allow relative movement thereof in another direction
  • a handle cam means associated therewith for effecting separation of said ratchet and pawl members in response to movement of said handle when movement of said head is resisted by a predetermined force
  • spring means adapted to store up energy from the movement of said handle and to release said energy as impact energy upon the re-establishment of contact between said ratchet and pawl members
  • means for adjusting and controlling the amount of torsional energy stored up in said driving means including arbor parts adjustable on said handle and operatively associated with one end of said spring means, said parts being adjustable to place said spring means under a predetermined tension.
  • a manually operable impact torsion tool comprising the combination of a tool head, driving means including ratchet and pawl means operatively associated to drive said head, energy storage means operative in response to manual operation to store up and release torsion energy in said driving means, cam means to cause disengagement of said ratchet and pawl means in response to manual operation when movement of said head is resisted by a predetermined force, and second energy storage means to cause said pawl means to reengage said ratchet means with impact in response to dissipation of energy stored in said first storage means, said ratchet and pawl means serving as anvil and hammer members, respectively, upon said reengagement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
US173183A 1950-07-11 1950-07-11 Ratchet type impact tool Expired - Lifetime US2661647A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US173183A US2661647A (en) 1950-07-11 1950-07-11 Ratchet type impact tool
BE594941A BE594941Q (fr) 1950-07-11 1960-09-12 Outil d'impact à encliquetage.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US173183A US2661647A (en) 1950-07-11 1950-07-11 Ratchet type impact tool

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2661647A true US2661647A (en) 1953-12-08

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ID=22630868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US173183A Expired - Lifetime US2661647A (en) 1950-07-11 1950-07-11 Ratchet type impact tool

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2661647A (fr)
BE (1) BE594941Q (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2844982A (en) * 1956-06-21 1958-07-29 Oscar J Swenson Ratchet-type, manually actuated, rotary impact tool
US2882772A (en) * 1957-05-27 1959-04-21 Maurice Ravdell Rotary impact, ratchet-type wrench
US2914978A (en) * 1958-12-09 1959-12-01 Leonard E Crick Ratchet type rotary impact tool
US2954714A (en) * 1958-11-12 1960-10-04 Oscar J Swenson Manually actuated rotary impact tool
US3108506A (en) * 1960-10-21 1963-10-29 Oscar J Swenson Rotary impact tools
US3156309A (en) * 1960-12-12 1964-11-10 Oscar J Swenson Rotary impact tools
US3402977A (en) * 1962-04-18 1968-09-24 Farrand Optical Co Inc Wide angle binocular telescopic instrument having the axes of the telescopes converging towards the observer
US4157120A (en) * 1977-07-05 1979-06-05 Marquette Metal Products Co. Rotary impact mechanism having a spring accelerated inertia member
US4382476A (en) * 1981-12-03 1983-05-10 Swenson Oscar J Manual torque magnifying impact tool
US4418768A (en) * 1982-09-02 1983-12-06 Swenson Oscar J Manual torque magnifying impact tool
US7258048B2 (en) * 2005-04-16 2007-08-21 Omnitek Partners L.L.C. Manually operated impact wrench
US20090308174A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-17 E & E Manufacturing Company, Inc. Torsion tool tester

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1860871A (en) * 1930-11-06 1932-05-31 Wilfred A Pouliot Safety wrench
US2119963A (en) * 1935-06-21 1938-06-07 Du Pont Package and method of producing same
US2122693A (en) * 1935-10-10 1938-07-05 Square D Co Bimetal and circuit breaker employing the same
US2205501A (en) * 1937-12-27 1940-06-25 Sunnen Joseph Safety wrench
US2271803A (en) * 1939-05-26 1942-02-03 Fred J Pfeiffer Attachment tool for reciprocating hammers
US2342783A (en) * 1940-03-01 1944-02-29 Aron Julius Power wrench
US2378956A (en) * 1942-06-26 1945-06-26 Robert H Thorner Torque wrengh or like tool

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1860871A (en) * 1930-11-06 1932-05-31 Wilfred A Pouliot Safety wrench
US2119963A (en) * 1935-06-21 1938-06-07 Du Pont Package and method of producing same
US2122693A (en) * 1935-10-10 1938-07-05 Square D Co Bimetal and circuit breaker employing the same
US2205501A (en) * 1937-12-27 1940-06-25 Sunnen Joseph Safety wrench
US2271803A (en) * 1939-05-26 1942-02-03 Fred J Pfeiffer Attachment tool for reciprocating hammers
US2342783A (en) * 1940-03-01 1944-02-29 Aron Julius Power wrench
US2378956A (en) * 1942-06-26 1945-06-26 Robert H Thorner Torque wrengh or like tool

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2844982A (en) * 1956-06-21 1958-07-29 Oscar J Swenson Ratchet-type, manually actuated, rotary impact tool
US2882772A (en) * 1957-05-27 1959-04-21 Maurice Ravdell Rotary impact, ratchet-type wrench
US2954714A (en) * 1958-11-12 1960-10-04 Oscar J Swenson Manually actuated rotary impact tool
US2914978A (en) * 1958-12-09 1959-12-01 Leonard E Crick Ratchet type rotary impact tool
US3108506A (en) * 1960-10-21 1963-10-29 Oscar J Swenson Rotary impact tools
US3156309A (en) * 1960-12-12 1964-11-10 Oscar J Swenson Rotary impact tools
US3402977A (en) * 1962-04-18 1968-09-24 Farrand Optical Co Inc Wide angle binocular telescopic instrument having the axes of the telescopes converging towards the observer
US4157120A (en) * 1977-07-05 1979-06-05 Marquette Metal Products Co. Rotary impact mechanism having a spring accelerated inertia member
US4382476A (en) * 1981-12-03 1983-05-10 Swenson Oscar J Manual torque magnifying impact tool
US4418768A (en) * 1982-09-02 1983-12-06 Swenson Oscar J Manual torque magnifying impact tool
US7258048B2 (en) * 2005-04-16 2007-08-21 Omnitek Partners L.L.C. Manually operated impact wrench
US20090308174A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-17 E & E Manufacturing Company, Inc. Torsion tool tester

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE594941Q (fr) 1961-01-02

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