US2707096A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US2707096A
US2707096A US204315A US20431551A US2707096A US 2707096 A US2707096 A US 2707096A US 204315 A US204315 A US 204315A US 20431551 A US20431551 A US 20431551A US 2707096 A US2707096 A US 2707096A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
channels
gas
heat
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US204315A
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English (en)
Inventor
Koopmans Adriaan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Original Assignee
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hartford National Bank and Trust Co filed Critical Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2707096A publication Critical patent/US2707096A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/32—Heating of pipes or pipe systems using hot fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/085—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from copper or copper alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
    • F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/14—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/02—Fastening; Joining by using bonding materials; by embedding elements in particular materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/355—Heat exchange having separate flow passage for two distinct fluids
    • Y10S165/395—Monolithic core having flow passages for two different fluids, e.g. one- piece ceramic
    • Y10S165/397—Monolithic core having flow passages for two different fluids, e.g. one- piece ceramic including conduits embedded in monolithic block

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to heat exchangers. More particularly, the invention relates to those heat exchangers comprising channels for two media which are in heat-transfer relation; one of said media being a liquid and the other a gas.
  • the heat exchanger according to the 1nvention has the feature that the channels for the liquid are comprised of a number of tubes which are surrounded by metal cast therearound.
  • the said cast metal then also contains the channels for the gas.
  • This construction 1s extremely suitable for mass-production and, furthermore, permits the boundary of the channels for the gas to consist either of thin walls of sheet material or of the cast material itself.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention has, furthermore, the advantage set out hereinafter.
  • Cast metal has, in general, the characteristic of being sl1ghtly porous. If channels for the two media to be 1n heattransfer relation are bored in a block of cast metal, leakage may occur through the metal if the pressure of one medium, for example, a gas, materially exceeds that of the other medium. This leakage may be avoided by making the partitions between the channels very thick, but in such event the heat-transfer between the two media is then very unsatisfactory.
  • this disadvantage is obviated since one medium, i. e. the liquid, ows through a plurality of tubes embedded in the cast metal.
  • Tube material in general, has the feature of being substantially non-porous.
  • the construction according to the invention thus has the advantage that, since gas leakage is avoided, the partitions between the channels for the two media can be thin. Furthermore, the heat transfer through these metals is satisfactory.
  • the gas leakage to the outside of the heat-exchanger may be avoided by making the wall sufficiently thick, which is not objectionable in this heat-exchanger, since no heat transfer need occur through this wall.
  • the channels for the liquid have a circular or substantially circular sectional area and that the channels for the gas be shaped in the form of slits.
  • substantially circular sectional area is to be understood also to include such sections, for example, as oval sections, and rectangular sections having round corners.
  • the channels for the liquid will generally have to be cleaned after a certain period of time, which operation is facilitated by the provision of a circular or substantially circular sectional area. From a thermal point of view it is advantageous to use slit-shaped channels for the gas, to ensure a proportionately large heat transferring surface relative to the stream of gas flowing therethrough.
  • the heat exchanger is formed in the shape of a hollow cylinder with the slit-shaped channels extending according to a generatrix of the cylinder and opening out at the cylindrical surface.
  • Each channel for one medium is preferably located between two channels for the other medium.
  • the channels for each medium are preferably arranged parallel to one another.
  • the inlet and outlet ports of the channel system for the liquid should be located at the cylindrical surface thereof.
  • the tubes for the liquid are preferably made of copper and embedded in an aluminium alloy.
  • the heat-exchanger according to the invention can be made in a simple manner by forming the slit-shaped channels by providing core plates prior to the casting operation and subsequently removing these plates.
  • the heat-exchangers described above may be used with particular advantage as coolers for a hot-gas reciprocating engine.
  • a hot-gas reciprocating engine is to be understood to include as well a cold-gas cooling machine operating according to the reversed hotgas engine principle.
  • the conditions imposed on a cooler for a hot-gas reciprocating engine are satisfied by the cooler according to the invention.
  • the coolers for example, the different conditions set forth hereinbefore imposed on the channels for the liquid on the one hand, and on the channels transversed by the gas on the other, are niet. That is to say, in hot-gas reciprocating engines, the gaseous working medium flows through the last-mentioned channels to obtain the advantages described.
  • Fig. l is a vertical sectional view taken on the line I-I in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line ll--ll in Fig. l.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a housing 1 enclosing tubes 2. These tubes, which are preferably made of copper, are embedded in a different metal 3, preferably an aluminium alloy, cast around them. Owing to the difference of shrinkage between the aluminium alloy and copper, an intimate Contact is established between the two metals.
  • a different metal 3 preferably an aluminium alloy, cast around them. Owing to the difference of shrinkage between the aluminium alloy and copper, an intimate Contact is established between the two metals.
  • slit-shaped channels 4 which are formed by providing core plates prior to, and removing them after, the casting operation.
  • the slit-shaped channels are bounded by a bushing or barrier sheath 5 provided at the inner periphery of the annular heat-exchanger..
  • An annular supply channel 6 is secured to the housing 1 through which the cooling liquid is supplied to the parallel tubes 2.
  • An annular exhaust channel 9 is connected to the housing through which the cooling uid is exhausted from the pipes 2 as at 8. This cooling liquid enters the channel at A and leaves it at B.
  • the gaseous medium traverses the heat-exchanger in a vertical sense, as is indicated by the arrow C.
  • the wall portion 3a may be thin, since gas leaks are avoided by the ring 1. Even in the absence of the ring 1, gas leaks due to porosity of the metal are avoided by a greater wall thickness of the portion 3a. This is not disadvantageous, since this wall portion does not partake in any heat exchange.
  • the cast metal portion between each slit 4 and each tube 2, through which the heat exchange does take place may be thin since the tubes prevent the gas from leaking into the liquid channels defined therein.
  • the tubes 2 are secured to the housing 1 at 7 and 8 prior to the casting operation. This allows keeping the tubes 2 accurately spaced apart, so that an exact construction is ensured.
  • a heat exchange device for two media one of which is liquid and the other a gas, comprising; at least two spaced tubes for conduction of said liquid, a cast metal body of substantially annular shape having said tubes embedded therein, an annular inner barrier sheath secured to the inner periphery of said cast metal body, and a slitshaped channel for conduction of said gas positioned between said spaced tubes and extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cast metal body, said channel opening out at the inner periphery of said cast metal body.
  • a heat exchange device for two media one of which is liquid and the other a gas, comprising; at least two spaced tubes for conduction of said liquid, a cast metal body of substantially annular shape having said tubes embedded therein, an annular inner barrier sheath secured to the inner periphery of said cast metal body,.a slit-shaped channel for conduction of said gas positioned between said spaced tubes and extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cast metal body and completely therethrough, said channel opening out at the inner periphery of said cast metal body, and inlet and outlet ports for each of said tubes, each of said inlet and outlet ports being located at the outer periphery of said body.
  • a heat exchange device for two media one of which is a liquid and the other a gas, comprising: a plurality of tubes arranged in pairs and adapted to conduct the liquid, said tubes being embedded in a substantially annular shaped cast metal body, slit-shaped channels extending radially in said body, each of said channels being located between adjacent pairs of said tubes and adapted to conduct the gas, said channels opening out in the inner periphery of said body and extending completely through said cast metal body in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of said cast metal body, a separate inner liner abutting said inner periphery to close off said channel openings, an outer wall surrounding the outer periphery of said body, said tubes having the ends thereof passing through said outer wall.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US204315A 1950-01-26 1951-01-04 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US2707096A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2707096X 1950-01-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2707096A true US2707096A (en) 1955-04-26

Family

ID=19875419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US204315A Expired - Lifetime US2707096A (en) 1950-01-26 1951-01-04 Heat exchanger

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2707096A (fr)
FR (1) FR1031374A (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3041185A (en) * 1959-10-12 1962-06-26 Martin William Mck Aseptic canning
US3217795A (en) * 1961-03-24 1965-11-16 Rice Barton Corp Rotary drum dryer
US3318375A (en) * 1964-09-04 1967-05-09 Siemens Planiawerke Ag Block-type heat exchanger
US3426840A (en) * 1965-11-13 1969-02-11 Karl Heinz Markowz Space heater and heating units
US3901269A (en) * 1973-08-14 1975-08-26 Controls Southeast Inc Jacket construction for fluid flow fittings
US4217954A (en) * 1978-02-03 1980-08-19 Gutehoffnungshutte Sterkrade Aktiengesellschaft Cooling plate for a furnace in a metallurgical plant
EP0057960A3 (en) * 1981-02-06 1982-08-25 Wavin B.V. A heat exchanging element and a heat providing system
US4418455A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-12-06 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Method of manufacturing a fluid cooled blade or vane
US4941531A (en) * 1986-12-12 1990-07-17 Moisseeff Advanced Technology, Limited Internal combustion engine radiator
US5564498A (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-10-15 Robatel Device for cooling containments
US20100181052A1 (en) * 2009-01-16 2010-07-22 Dana Canada Corporation Finned Cylindrical Heat Exchanger
US8944155B2 (en) 2010-07-15 2015-02-03 Dana Canada Corporation Annular axial flow ribbed heat exchanger
US20220410656A1 (en) * 2019-11-26 2022-12-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Heat Exchanger Device for a Motor Vehicle, Method for Operating a Heat Exchanger Device and Method for Producing a Heat Exchanger Device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH625611A5 (fr) * 1978-03-15 1981-09-30 Sulzer Ag

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB345794A (en) * 1929-03-09 1931-04-02 Emile Francois Arnold Desire B Improvements in tubular heat exchangers
US2443295A (en) * 1944-05-19 1948-06-15 Griscom Russell Co Method of making heat exchangers
US2460889A (en) * 1946-05-28 1949-02-08 Mallory & Co Inc P R Ejector type welding electrode holder
US2464900A (en) * 1944-07-01 1949-03-22 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Hot gas apparatus comprising a heater surrounding the hot chamber
US2466676A (en) * 1946-04-19 1949-04-12 Boling Liquid cooling unit
US2476151A (en) * 1943-06-16 1949-07-12 Goodrich Co B F Method of making brake drums
US2499448A (en) * 1943-09-29 1950-03-07 Greiff Svenska Maskin Ab Heat exchanger
US2507177A (en) * 1945-10-29 1950-05-09 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Method of corrugating cylindrical walls

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB345794A (en) * 1929-03-09 1931-04-02 Emile Francois Arnold Desire B Improvements in tubular heat exchangers
US2476151A (en) * 1943-06-16 1949-07-12 Goodrich Co B F Method of making brake drums
US2499448A (en) * 1943-09-29 1950-03-07 Greiff Svenska Maskin Ab Heat exchanger
US2443295A (en) * 1944-05-19 1948-06-15 Griscom Russell Co Method of making heat exchangers
US2464900A (en) * 1944-07-01 1949-03-22 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Hot gas apparatus comprising a heater surrounding the hot chamber
US2507177A (en) * 1945-10-29 1950-05-09 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Method of corrugating cylindrical walls
US2466676A (en) * 1946-04-19 1949-04-12 Boling Liquid cooling unit
US2460889A (en) * 1946-05-28 1949-02-08 Mallory & Co Inc P R Ejector type welding electrode holder

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3041185A (en) * 1959-10-12 1962-06-26 Martin William Mck Aseptic canning
US3217795A (en) * 1961-03-24 1965-11-16 Rice Barton Corp Rotary drum dryer
US3318375A (en) * 1964-09-04 1967-05-09 Siemens Planiawerke Ag Block-type heat exchanger
US3426840A (en) * 1965-11-13 1969-02-11 Karl Heinz Markowz Space heater and heating units
US3901269A (en) * 1973-08-14 1975-08-26 Controls Southeast Inc Jacket construction for fluid flow fittings
US4217954A (en) * 1978-02-03 1980-08-19 Gutehoffnungshutte Sterkrade Aktiengesellschaft Cooling plate for a furnace in a metallurgical plant
EP0057960A3 (en) * 1981-02-06 1982-08-25 Wavin B.V. A heat exchanging element and a heat providing system
US4418455A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-12-06 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Method of manufacturing a fluid cooled blade or vane
US4941531A (en) * 1986-12-12 1990-07-17 Moisseeff Advanced Technology, Limited Internal combustion engine radiator
US5564498A (en) * 1994-09-16 1996-10-15 Robatel Device for cooling containments
US20100181052A1 (en) * 2009-01-16 2010-07-22 Dana Canada Corporation Finned Cylindrical Heat Exchanger
US8474515B2 (en) 2009-01-16 2013-07-02 Dana Canada Corporation Finned cylindrical heat exchanger
US8944155B2 (en) 2010-07-15 2015-02-03 Dana Canada Corporation Annular axial flow ribbed heat exchanger
US20220410656A1 (en) * 2019-11-26 2022-12-29 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Heat Exchanger Device for a Motor Vehicle, Method for Operating a Heat Exchanger Device and Method for Producing a Heat Exchanger Device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1031374A (fr) 1953-06-23

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