US2739507A - Microtome - Google Patents

Microtome Download PDF

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Publication number
US2739507A
US2739507A US254308A US25430851A US2739507A US 2739507 A US2739507 A US 2739507A US 254308 A US254308 A US 254308A US 25430851 A US25430851 A US 25430851A US 2739507 A US2739507 A US 2739507A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cutting
knife
cantilever
plate
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US254308A
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English (en)
Inventor
George G Cocks
Charles M Schwartz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Battelle Development Corp
Original Assignee
Battelle Development Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Battelle Development Corp filed Critical Battelle Development Corp
Priority to US254308A priority Critical patent/US2739507A/en
Priority to FR1065788D priority patent/FR1065788A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2739507A publication Critical patent/US2739507A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/06—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting providing a thin slice, e.g. microtome
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/283—With means to control or modify temperature of apparatus or work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/647—With means to convey work relative to tool station
    • Y10T83/654—With work-constraining means on work conveyor [i.e., "work-carrier"]
    • Y10T83/6545—With means to guide work-carrier in nonrectilinear path

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cutting instruments. More particularly, it relates to an apparatus which is simple in construction and operation, and which will accurately cut thin slices of material.
  • Yet another object is to provide an apparatus for sectioning which will be relatively unaffected by vibration or changes in temperature.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view, showing the apparatus in an inoperative position prior to the cutting stroke.
  • Fig. 3 is aview similar to Fig. 2, but showing the apparatus at the end of a cutting stroke.
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view showing a modification of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus of this invention comprises a material supporting member mounted on one or more cantilever-suspended arms, which, in turn, are fastened to a support extending upwardly from a base.
  • the material supporting member is moved by some suitable means such as the action of a hydraulic piston. Material to be cut is mounted in the supporting member and positioned so as to contact a knife edge when the support is moved by the piston.
  • FIG. 1, 2, 3, and 4 the apparatus is mounted on a base 10. Extending upwardly from the base 10 is an end plate 11. A cantileversupport plate 12 is rotatably fastened to end plate 11 by means of a nut-and-bolt assembly or other suitable means 13. One or more cantilever strips 14 are connected at one extremity to support plate 12 by means of fastening plates 15 and screws 16. The unsupported ends of the cantilever arms 14 are connected in a similar manner to a frame 17 to which is afiixed a specimen support arm 18.
  • support arm 18 terminates in two lugs 19, provided with holes through which pass a threaded metal shaft 20, extending at right angles to support arm 18.
  • One or more knurled wheels 21 provide a coarse lateral adjustment of the threaded shaft 20, and also lock it in position.
  • the outwardly extending end of shaft 20 terminates in a chuck plate 22, having a cutout portion for mounting the material to be cut 23.
  • a fiber insert may be used to thermally insulate the chuck plate 22 from the support arm 18.
  • a fastening plate 25, having a corresponding cut-out portion fits against chuck plate 22, and the assembly is locked together by means of a vise 26, or other suitable means.
  • the knife holders 28 are rotatably mounted in upstanding arms of support 29 by means of shafts 30, whose axes are alined with the cutting edge of knife 27, and which pass through split bushings 31.
  • the split bushings are clamped about the shafts 30 by screws 32.
  • the knife is rotated about an axis which coincides with the cutting edge itself. It is preferable that the knife be supported so that the cutting plane lies in the central vertical plane of the apparatus. This serves to prevent any twisting or buckling of the cantilever members.
  • the initial spacing of the material 23 over the knife 27 is made by means of knurled wheels 21.
  • a fine feed adjustment can be accomplished thermally by first cooling the chuck plate 22 below room temperature. As sections are cut from material 23, the chuck plate 22 is allowed to warm to room temperature. The expansion of the chuck plate 22 slowly moves the material 23 across the plane of the cutting edge of knife 27.
  • the movement of the material 23 against the cutting edge is accomplished by a hydraulic piston 33, held by a supporting assembly 34 which is fastened to the cantilever support plate 12.
  • a plunger 35 actuated by piston 33 moves against a plate 36, which is integral with frame 17, and forces the material 23 in contact with the knife 27.
  • the driving force located as near to the cutting plane as possible.
  • a spring 37 connects the piston supporting assembly 34 and frame 17 at plate 36 for the purpose of returning the cantilever arm 14 to the starting position at the end of the cutting stroke.
  • An oil tube 38 is connected to piston 33, and to an oil reservoir, not shown, to provide driving means.
  • a suitable valve, also not shown, may be used to admit air to the reservoir and also to provide a release of air pressure when it is desired to return the cantilever arms 14 to their starting position.
  • the length or tension of spring 37 may also be so adjusted that the cantilever arms 14 have a zero deflection when the cutting stroke is half completed.
  • the upward deflection of the cantilever arms 14 at the inoperative position is approximately equal to the downward deflection at the end of the cutting stroke. This results in a reduction of the elastic deformation of the cantilever systems and reduces the maximum stress in the cantilever arms for a given motion of the specimen.
  • the cutting machine shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 is operated in the following manner:
  • the material to be cut 23 is mounted between the chuck plate 22 and fastening plate 25, and locked in place by vise -26.
  • the material 23 is initially moved to a position where it extends over the knife 27, and locked in position by the knurled knobs 21.
  • the chuck plate 22 is then cooled by using Dry Ice or other suitable substance. Air is admitted to the reservoir which results in a downward stroke of the material 23. A release of the air pressure permits the cantilever arms 14 to return the material 23 to its position above the knife 27.
  • thermocouple to the chuck plates 22 to determine the desired temperature interval, or a calibration table can be prepared to show the proper time interval between the cuts for any desired thickness.
  • Other methods may be used for advancing the material during cutting. It may also be desirable to maintain the material in fixed position and provide for movement of the cutting edge.
  • Fig. 5 is a modification of the cutting machine in which the knife 27 is mounted on the base at right angles to the cantilever arms 14.
  • the material 23 is mounted in line with the cantilever arms.
  • Some modification will be necessary in the mounting of the threaded shaft in the support arm 18. It may also be desirable in this embodiment to construct the support arm 18 or the entire machine of Invar or some other similar material in order to minimize expansion during temperature changes.
  • cantilever support plate 12 may be rotated about nut-and-bolt assembly 13, so that the material 23 contacts knife 27 with a slicing out instead of a chopping cut.
  • a microtome capable of cutting uniform sections approximately 0.1 micron thick, comprising: a fiat base; a support member rigidly connected to said base adjacent one end thereof and extending upwardly therefrom; a plurality of spaced resilient cantilever arms, each comprising a flat spring rigidly attached at one end to said support member and extendingtherefrom over, and substantially parallel to, said base; a rigid spacer member fixedly connected to the opposite end of said flat springs for maintaining them in spaced parallel relation to each other; a fixed member rigidly connected to, and extending from, said spacer member; material-holding means mounted on said extending member; means for elastically deforming said cantilever arms to provide movement of said material-holding means toward and away from said base; and cutting means mounted on said base adjacent the end of the base opposite said support member in a position to cut the material in said material-holding means during said movement thereof.
  • said deforming means comprises a piston held by supporting means rigidly mounted with respect to said base, and a plunger actuated by said piston positioned to move said spacer member in a direction substantially perpendicular to said-base.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US254308A 1951-11-01 1951-11-01 Microtome Expired - Lifetime US2739507A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US254308A US2739507A (en) 1951-11-01 1951-11-01 Microtome
FR1065788D FR1065788A (fr) 1951-11-01 1952-10-31 Appareil à découper

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US254308A US2739507A (en) 1951-11-01 1951-11-01 Microtome

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2739507A true US2739507A (en) 1956-03-27

Family

ID=22963768

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US254308A Expired - Lifetime US2739507A (en) 1951-11-01 1951-11-01 Microtome

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2739507A (fr)
FR (1) FR1065788A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2843014A (en) * 1954-06-01 1958-07-15 Sitte Hellmuth Microtome, particularly ultra-microtome
US2844993A (en) * 1955-03-29 1958-07-29 Instr & Dev Products Co Microtome
US2927505A (en) * 1954-10-28 1960-03-08 Philips Corp Microtome
US3487739A (en) * 1966-05-02 1970-01-06 Procter & Gamble Ultramicrotome
US3544446A (en) * 1968-02-21 1970-12-01 James H Mcalear Specimen preparing device for microscopes and the like

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189908258A (en) * 1899-04-19 1899-10-28 Horace Darwin Improvements in Microtomes.
US775556A (en) * 1904-02-15 1904-11-22 Spencer Lens Co Microtome.
US1765283A (en) * 1929-04-06 1930-06-17 Bausch & Lomb Microtome knife holder
US1998428A (en) * 1933-02-06 1935-04-16 Huettner Alfred Francis Safety microtome knife holder
DE666552C (de) * 1931-10-07 1938-10-22 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Elektromagnetische Antriebseinrichtung fuer Werkzeuge
US2312010A (en) * 1940-08-03 1943-02-23 Paper Chemistry Inst Photometer
US2439671A (en) * 1944-02-16 1948-04-13 Harvey N Ott Knife holder for microtomes

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189908258A (en) * 1899-04-19 1899-10-28 Horace Darwin Improvements in Microtomes.
US775556A (en) * 1904-02-15 1904-11-22 Spencer Lens Co Microtome.
US1765283A (en) * 1929-04-06 1930-06-17 Bausch & Lomb Microtome knife holder
DE666552C (de) * 1931-10-07 1938-10-22 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Elektromagnetische Antriebseinrichtung fuer Werkzeuge
US1998428A (en) * 1933-02-06 1935-04-16 Huettner Alfred Francis Safety microtome knife holder
US2312010A (en) * 1940-08-03 1943-02-23 Paper Chemistry Inst Photometer
US2439671A (en) * 1944-02-16 1948-04-13 Harvey N Ott Knife holder for microtomes

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2843014A (en) * 1954-06-01 1958-07-15 Sitte Hellmuth Microtome, particularly ultra-microtome
US2927505A (en) * 1954-10-28 1960-03-08 Philips Corp Microtome
US2844993A (en) * 1955-03-29 1958-07-29 Instr & Dev Products Co Microtome
US3487739A (en) * 1966-05-02 1970-01-06 Procter & Gamble Ultramicrotome
US3544446A (en) * 1968-02-21 1970-12-01 James H Mcalear Specimen preparing device for microscopes and the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1065788A (fr) 1954-05-31

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