US2740896A - Method of using heat sensitive copying paper - Google Patents

Method of using heat sensitive copying paper Download PDF

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Publication number
US2740896A
US2740896A US747338A US74733847A US2740896A US 2740896 A US2740896 A US 2740896A US 747338 A US747338 A US 747338A US 74733847 A US74733847 A US 74733847A US 2740896 A US2740896 A US 2740896A
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United States
Prior art keywords
copying
original
heat
paper
radiant energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US747338A
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English (en)
Inventor
Carl S Miller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to CA552750A priority Critical patent/CA552750A/en
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25004656&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US2740896(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority to US747338A priority patent/US2740896A/en
Priority to GB8490/50A priority patent/GB673244A/en
Priority to FR1016028D priority patent/FR1016028A/fr
Priority to CH286528D priority patent/CH286528A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2740896A publication Critical patent/US2740896A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B27/00—Photographic printing apparatus
    • G03B27/02—Exposure apparatus for contact printing
    • G03B27/14—Details
    • G03B27/30—Details adapted to be combined with processing apparatus
    • G03B27/306—Heat development
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S101/00—Printing
    • Y10S101/29—Printing involving a color-forming phenomenon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for the reproduction of printed matter or the like, and to novel sheet material useful therein.
  • the method involves the application of intense radiant energy to the graphic subjectmatter of which a copy is desired, the conversion of radiant energy to heat energy in a pattern determined by such subject-matter, and the formation of visible copy in the sensitized sheet material as a result of the localized heating thus obtained.
  • the invention has particular utility in affording a means for rapidly obtaining one or more copies of printed matter, diagrams, photographs, or other graphic subjectmatter directly from the original, as in conducting library searches or the like. There is involved merely the proper positioning of the sensitive copy-paper with respect to the original, and the exposure of the original to intense radiant energy. A true copy is produced directly, without the necessity of subsequent development of a latent image or of other processing.
  • Radiant energy of an intensity suflicient for the process of this invention may be obtained from any suitable source.
  • One convenient source of radiation which has given good results over limited areas, consists of a standard SOO-watt infra-red bulb with internal reflector, operated under overload conditions of 800 watts input, and at a distance of about three inches from the printed surface.
  • Photo-flash bulbs may be used for irradiating small areas.
  • Other sources having a still higher output of radiant energy, particularly at wave-lengths of less than about 25,000 angstroms, and capable of uniformly irradiating larger areas, are even more suitable.
  • My novel sensitized sheet material or copying-paper consists of a transparent sheet material carrying a heatsensitive composition capable of undergoing irreversible visible change when momentarily heated to a predetermined temperature.
  • the transparent copying-paper is held in close and heatconductive contact with a portion of printed page 11 of book 12, by means not shown, but which may consist of a flat transparent plate of material having low heat conductivity at least at the surface in contact with the copying paper.
  • Radiant energy from source 13 conveniently an electric infra-red lamp bulb operated as hereinbefore described, passes through the transparent copying-paper 10 (as well as through the transparent glass plate or other holding means Where such is employed), and falls on the printed characters below, resulting in a permanent visible duplication of such characters in the heat-sensitive transparent copying-paper.
  • the strip or sheet of copying-paper 10 may be of any size and shape depending on the extent of the material of which a copy is desired, e. g. it may cover the entire page 11.
  • the portions of the copying-paper not directly above the printed characters during this exposure are found to remain substantially unchanged in appearance.
  • the thus exposed copying-paper shows a facsimile copy of the printed or other graphic subject-matter of the original. It will be obvious that a reverse copy is to be seen when the sheet is viewed from below.
  • ink or other marking means of which the printed characters are composed, and the wave-length ofithe radiation employed, are also found to have an influence on the appearance of the copy.
  • Carbon inks are generally quite absorbent toward visible or infra-red light and produce excellent copies when so illuminated or irradiated.
  • Other inks may give inferior results with certain wave-lengths but may respond selectively to specific wave-lengths produced by sources of specific radiation or isolated from other sources by means of proper filters.
  • the heat-sensitive composition of my transparent copying-paper must be reason ably stable toward light, i. e. must not be rapidly converted to a visibly diiferent form by exposure to light alone. Even a gradual reaction in the presence of actinic light at high intensity is undesirable where permanent copies are sought, and substantially completely light-stable compositions are generally preferred, although considerable latitude in this respect is obviously permissible where copies are intended for temporary use only.
  • the heat-sensitive composition must be capable of changing to a visibly distinct form having a desirably high contrast number with a minimum exposure and over a minimum range of temperature.
  • Compositions which are converted from the transparent to the opaque form instantaneously on heating to a specific temperature would be highly desirable for many purposes.
  • compositions which provide a contrast number of at least about 0.4 within less than one-half second, or preferably less than one-tenth second, and which furthermore provide this entire degree of darkening within a temperature range of not more than about 20 C, and preferably not more than about 5 C., have been found to provide reproductions of good detail and contrast.
  • a fiat magnesium carbonate block a standard magnesium carbonate surface as defined in the paint industry.
  • a beam of white light is directed against the outer surface of the paper at an angle of 45, and the intensity of the light reflected normal to the surface is measured by means of a suitable photometer.
  • the contrast number is defined as the following ratio Iu-Id I'LL where I represents intensity, and subscripts :1 (I refer to measurements made over the undarkened area and darkened area, respectively.
  • the samples may conveniently be exposed, at specific temperatures and for specific time intervals as required, by pressing them against heated metal plates.
  • the transparent sheet may be fullyexposed to visible light, e. g. as shown in the drawing, this is not essential, since sensitizing compositions may be employed which will provide a visible change even though the coated copying-paper is previously stored and maintained in complete darkness, and finally exposed to my copying-process in the complete absence of visible light.
  • Most of the more desirable backings or sheet materials which I may employ are cellulosic, or at least organic in character, and hence are subject to deterioration when heated excessively. i therefore normally prefer to select sensitizing compositions which provide a visible change at a temperature of somewhat less than about 150 C., or even as low as about 5060 C.
  • other materials and other applications in some cases make it desirable to employ compositions which change at sub- ,antia ly higher temperatures. Farticularly in such cases, .emplate raising the temperature of the printed surand of the transparent copying-paper, prior to irradiation, to a point above room temperature but below the reaction temperature, in order to permit the use of radiation of substantially lower intensity than would otherwise be required.
  • Example I A strip of cellophane was passed through a solution prepared by mixing saturated aqueous solutions of the following materials:
  • Nickel acetate s 50 Nickel nitrate Ammonium thicsulfate Thiourea 40 Cit The strip was drained and was allowed to dry at room temperature. The dried sheet was fully transparent, but became black and opaque when heated to about 120 C. for less than one-half second, and when employed in the process as heretofore described was found to be useful for the production of copies of graphic subject-matter.
  • Example 2 Cellophane was treated with an aqueous solution containing. in parts by weight, 10 parts of lead acetate, 10 parts of thiourea, and 0.1 part of acetic acid in parts of water, and was dried as in Example 1. A transparent heat-sensitive copying-paper was produced.
  • Example 3 Thin unsized flax paper was coated and impregnated with a mixture of finely divided dispersed particles of methylene blue and of mercuric stearate in a xylol solution of ethyl cellulose, ()n drying, the sheet was quite transparent, e. g. when the sheet was held in contact with a printed page, the printing could be seen through the sheet; it had a faint blue color, and was unchanged on prolonged exposure to light. When used as a transparent heat-sensitive copying-paper, it produced an intense blue facsimile copy of the graphic original.
  • the sheet was most satisfactorily exposed with the coated surface in contact with the original printed page, but usefully clear and exact copies could alternatively be prepared with the untreated surface in contact with such original, or even with the copying-paper suitably supported against the reverse side of the printed page.
  • the thickness of the Web supporting the heat-sensitive surface coating could be considerably increased.
  • the method of preparing copy from an original comprising the steps of placing the original in surface contact with a copy sheet treated with a material which, responsive to heat, changes color, and directing radiations rich in infra-red on to the original whereby the radiations are absorbed and converted into heat by material in the dark areas of the original, the heat causing a color change to develop in the material with which the copy sheet is treated.
  • the method of preparing copy directly from an original comprising the steps of placing the original in surface contact with the copy sheet coated with a composition which, responsive to heat, causes a color change, directing a sufficient quantity of radiations rich in infrared onto the copy to generate heat for causing the color change to develop in corresponding areas of the copy sheet.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
US747338A 1947-05-10 1947-05-10 Method of using heat sensitive copying paper Expired - Lifetime US2740896A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA552750A CA552750A (en) 1947-05-10 Heat-sensitive copying-paper
US747338A US2740896A (en) 1947-05-10 1947-05-10 Method of using heat sensitive copying paper
GB8490/50A GB673244A (en) 1947-05-10 1950-04-04 Improvements in or relating to methods of producing facsimile copies from a graphic original
FR1016028D FR1016028A (fr) 1947-05-10 1950-04-06 Perfectionnements aux procédés de préparation de reprouetion en fac-similé d'un document
CH286528D CH286528A (de) 1947-05-10 1950-04-06 Verfahren zum Kopieren graphischer Erzeugnisse.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US747338A US2740896A (en) 1947-05-10 1947-05-10 Method of using heat sensitive copying paper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2740896A true US2740896A (en) 1956-04-03

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ID=25004656

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US747338A Expired - Lifetime US2740896A (en) 1947-05-10 1947-05-10 Method of using heat sensitive copying paper

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2740896A (de)
CA (1) CA552750A (de)
CH (1) CH286528A (de)
FR (1) FR1016028A (de)
GB (1) GB673244A (de)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2844733A (en) * 1956-04-02 1958-07-22 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Reflex thermoprinting
US2897090A (en) * 1957-04-11 1959-07-28 Anken Chemical & Film Corp Heat-sensitive copying paper
US2910377A (en) * 1956-06-28 1959-10-27 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-sensitive copying-paper
US2916622A (en) * 1956-12-28 1959-12-08 Kalvar Corp Methods and apparatus for copying
US2919349A (en) * 1956-04-02 1959-12-29 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Shadow thermoprinting
US2945305A (en) * 1953-08-03 1960-07-19 Strickler Allen Thermosensitive apparatus for demonstrating heat phenomena
US2954311A (en) * 1957-09-25 1960-09-27 Weel Walter H Vander Method for copying indicia by particle transfer
US2975282A (en) * 1957-08-06 1961-03-14 Standard Oil Co Automatic credit card accounting system
US2980551A (en) * 1959-02-13 1961-04-18 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of making a heat-sensitive copysheet and resultant article
US3038994A (en) * 1957-05-20 1962-06-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-sensitive recorder
US3056904A (en) * 1958-10-20 1962-10-02 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Thermoprinting apparatus and method
US3057999A (en) * 1960-03-31 1962-10-09 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Thermographic copy paper and process
US3080781A (en) * 1958-04-09 1963-03-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Progressive transverse severing device
US3109748A (en) * 1960-04-28 1963-11-05 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Thermographic reproduction composite wherein a calcium carbonate layer is effected by a transferred heat-sensitive material
US3120611A (en) * 1959-05-15 1964-02-04 Kalle Ag Method and apparatus for the negative reproduction of masters on a copy bearer utilizing a heat absorbing layer
US3122998A (en) * 1960-06-02 1964-03-03 Infrared transfer process
US3149563A (en) * 1961-05-12 1964-09-22 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Stencil-forming sheet material assembly
US3151550A (en) * 1961-03-27 1964-10-06 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Duplication
US3248236A (en) * 1960-06-02 1966-04-26 Ditto Inc Thermo-wax transfer sheets
US3284197A (en) * 1961-11-06 1966-11-08 Interchem Corp Method for making lithographic plates
US3315598A (en) * 1960-07-28 1967-04-25 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Copying of graphic originals
US3404995A (en) * 1965-09-20 1968-10-08 Columbia Ribbon Carbon Mfg Hectograph products and processes
US4365018A (en) * 1981-05-11 1982-12-21 The Mead Corporation Imaging element and an imaging technique
US5049472A (en) * 1986-11-26 1991-09-17 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus of recording image

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1151177B (de) * 1955-03-28 1963-07-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kopien auf waermeempfindlichem Kopierpapier
NL205707A (de) * 1955-03-28

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US897954A (en) * 1908-09-08 Carl Von Arnhard Process for making photographic copies of printed matter and the like.
US1783442A (en) * 1928-02-04 1930-12-02 Charles W Mayer Recording paper
US1844199A (en) * 1928-08-30 1932-02-09 Rca Corp Pyro-recording paper
GB379333A (en) * 1931-05-23 1932-08-23 Caribonum Ltd Improvements in and relating to the production of duplicating or transfer materials by printing methods and materials therefor
US1880449A (en) * 1930-08-07 1932-10-04 Eastman Kodak Co Tropochromic coating
US1897843A (en) * 1930-08-07 1933-02-14 Eastman Kodak Co Light sensitive tropochromic coating
US2095839A (en) * 1935-09-27 1937-10-12 Eastman Kodak Co Photothermographic composition
US2103385A (en) * 1934-11-22 1937-12-28 Ivers Lee Co Package fabrication
US2129242A (en) * 1935-05-25 1938-09-06 Eastman Kodak Co Heat sensitive compositions
US2317789A (en) * 1940-02-09 1943-04-27 Finch Telecommunications Inc Facsimile reception medium
US2402631A (en) * 1943-12-20 1946-06-25 American Pad & Textile Company Method for forming heat-sealed articles
US2519321A (en) * 1946-03-18 1950-08-15 Columbias Ribbon And Carbon Mf Transfer ink
US2536048A (en) * 1947-04-12 1951-01-02 New Wrinkle Inc Method of producing a smooth-wrinkle patterned film

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US897954A (en) * 1908-09-08 Carl Von Arnhard Process for making photographic copies of printed matter and the like.
US1783442A (en) * 1928-02-04 1930-12-02 Charles W Mayer Recording paper
US1844199A (en) * 1928-08-30 1932-02-09 Rca Corp Pyro-recording paper
US1880449A (en) * 1930-08-07 1932-10-04 Eastman Kodak Co Tropochromic coating
US1897843A (en) * 1930-08-07 1933-02-14 Eastman Kodak Co Light sensitive tropochromic coating
GB379333A (en) * 1931-05-23 1932-08-23 Caribonum Ltd Improvements in and relating to the production of duplicating or transfer materials by printing methods and materials therefor
US2103385A (en) * 1934-11-22 1937-12-28 Ivers Lee Co Package fabrication
US2129242A (en) * 1935-05-25 1938-09-06 Eastman Kodak Co Heat sensitive compositions
US2095839A (en) * 1935-09-27 1937-10-12 Eastman Kodak Co Photothermographic composition
US2317789A (en) * 1940-02-09 1943-04-27 Finch Telecommunications Inc Facsimile reception medium
US2402631A (en) * 1943-12-20 1946-06-25 American Pad & Textile Company Method for forming heat-sealed articles
US2519321A (en) * 1946-03-18 1950-08-15 Columbias Ribbon And Carbon Mf Transfer ink
US2536048A (en) * 1947-04-12 1951-01-02 New Wrinkle Inc Method of producing a smooth-wrinkle patterned film

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2945305A (en) * 1953-08-03 1960-07-19 Strickler Allen Thermosensitive apparatus for demonstrating heat phenomena
US2919349A (en) * 1956-04-02 1959-12-29 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Shadow thermoprinting
US2844733A (en) * 1956-04-02 1958-07-22 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Reflex thermoprinting
US2910377A (en) * 1956-06-28 1959-10-27 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-sensitive copying-paper
US2916622A (en) * 1956-12-28 1959-12-08 Kalvar Corp Methods and apparatus for copying
US2897090A (en) * 1957-04-11 1959-07-28 Anken Chemical & Film Corp Heat-sensitive copying paper
US3038994A (en) * 1957-05-20 1962-06-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Heat-sensitive recorder
US2975282A (en) * 1957-08-06 1961-03-14 Standard Oil Co Automatic credit card accounting system
US2954311A (en) * 1957-09-25 1960-09-27 Weel Walter H Vander Method for copying indicia by particle transfer
US3080781A (en) * 1958-04-09 1963-03-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Progressive transverse severing device
US3056904A (en) * 1958-10-20 1962-10-02 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Thermoprinting apparatus and method
US2980551A (en) * 1959-02-13 1961-04-18 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of making a heat-sensitive copysheet and resultant article
US3120611A (en) * 1959-05-15 1964-02-04 Kalle Ag Method and apparatus for the negative reproduction of masters on a copy bearer utilizing a heat absorbing layer
US3057999A (en) * 1960-03-31 1962-10-09 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Thermographic copy paper and process
US3109748A (en) * 1960-04-28 1963-11-05 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Thermographic reproduction composite wherein a calcium carbonate layer is effected by a transferred heat-sensitive material
US3248236A (en) * 1960-06-02 1966-04-26 Ditto Inc Thermo-wax transfer sheets
US3122998A (en) * 1960-06-02 1964-03-03 Infrared transfer process
US3315598A (en) * 1960-07-28 1967-04-25 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Copying of graphic originals
US3151550A (en) * 1961-03-27 1964-10-06 Columbia Ribbon & Carbon Duplication
US3149563A (en) * 1961-05-12 1964-09-22 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Stencil-forming sheet material assembly
US3246600A (en) * 1961-05-12 1966-04-19 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of copying
US3284197A (en) * 1961-11-06 1966-11-08 Interchem Corp Method for making lithographic plates
US3404995A (en) * 1965-09-20 1968-10-08 Columbia Ribbon Carbon Mfg Hectograph products and processes
US4365018A (en) * 1981-05-11 1982-12-21 The Mead Corporation Imaging element and an imaging technique
US5049472A (en) * 1986-11-26 1991-09-17 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus of recording image

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA552750A (en) 1958-02-04
GB673244A (en) 1952-06-04
CH286528A (de) 1952-10-31
FR1016028A (fr) 1952-10-30

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