Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
  • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
  • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
  • C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
  • C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/43—Solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
  • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D7/10—Salts
  • C11D7/16—Phosphates including polyphosphates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
  • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
  • C23G5/06—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using emulsions

Definitions

• This invention relates to improvements in the production of phosphate coatings on ferrous and zinc or zinc alloy surfaces with solutions of the phosphates of sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium or organic bases, or mixtures thereof.
• Such processes are preferably operated at a temperature above 150 F. and within the pH range of 4.2 to 5.8 on ferrous surfaces and 3.5 to 5.0 on zinc surfaces.
• dissolved metal is precipitated readily as a coating without forming more than a negligible amount of sludge; consequently such processes have desirable qualities of low consumption of chemicals, and there is little or no scaling of the coils and clogging of the spray jets.
• these processing solutions exert but little pickling action on the metal surface and have little power to remove soil or act upon greasy surfaces.
• Another disadvantage associated with this type of process is that the coatings produced sometimes tend to be dusty. It has been proposed to overcome these difiiculties by adding wetting agents, but such a procedure has not proved entirely satisfactory.
• ferrous and zinc or zinc alloy surfaces may be cleaned and coated simultaneously to give improved coatings of high resistance to corrosion by a process in which there is applied to the surface an emulsion of a grease removing solvent in an acidic solution of a phosphate of sodium, ammonium,- potassium, magnesium, or of an organic base or a mixture of such phosphates.
• Phosphate solutions containing accelerators are preferred, such as, for example, chlorates, bromates, sulfites, nitrites, etc.
• a quantity of accelerator having an effect on the coating action substantially equal to that of about .5 percent to 4 percent chlorate is satisfactory.
• grease-removing solvents which we prefer are those which are not very volatile at the processing temperature yet do not possess too high a boiling range; otherwise they tend to adhere to the metal surface and prevent processing.
• solvents having a boiling range within the limits of 130 C. to 300 C. are most suitable, and any normal grease-removing solvent within this boiling range and which is compatible with the solution can be used.
• aromatic hydrocarbons for example, the fraction known commercially as Solvent Naphtha or aliphatic hydrocarbons such as the paraffin fraction known commercially as Kerosene.
• the solvent is preferably present in a concentration from 1 to 10 percent of the coating solution.
• Other suitable solvents are tetrahydro naphthalene, methylcyclohexanone, ethyl benzoate, and orthodichloro benzene.
• emulsifying agent is required.
• non-ionic materials such as petroleum sulphonates and long chain alcohol sulphates, may be used since they are stable within the required pH range of 3.5 to 5.8.
• Cationic active agents are less desirable mainly because they inhibit the phosphate coating action.
• non-ionic oil-in-water principal emulsifying agents we mean that class of surface active agents which is used as the main emulsifying ingredient and which remains substantially unionized in aqueous solution having a pH of 3.5 to 5.8.
• examples of such agents which we have found to be particularly, elfective are the derivatives of ethylene oxide polymers, particularly those containing about 3 to 25 polyoxyethylene groups therein, such as polyoxyethylene derivatives of oleic acid, which are commercially available under the name Antarox B-lOO and Acco Emulsifier #5, and polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol derivatives, which are available commercially under the name Antarox A, Igepal, and Triton X-100.
• para iso-octyl phenyl ether polyoxyethylene glycol having nine polyoxyethylene groups in the glycol to be particularly useful.
• Further suitable non-ionic emulsifying agents include condensation products of oleyl alcohol with ethylene oxide, and a polyethylene oxide chain esterified with lauric acid, available under the names Emulphor O and Brig 30, respectively.
• Operation of the process is preferably effected at a temperature above 150 F., but satisfactory coatings can be obtained at room temperature on zinc surfaces given a suitable time of treatment.
• Working at F. satisfactory phosphate coatings can be produced in from one-half to two minutes spray. It is of advantage to rinse the coatings produced with a dilute solution of chromic, phosphoric, or oxalic acid; with a dilute solution of an iron, chromium or aluminum salt-for instance, ferrous sulphate, ferric nitrate, chromium sulphate or nitrate, or aluminum sulphate or nitrate; or with a solution containing a mixture of these substances.
• the concentration of the rinsing solution is suitably from 7 to 21 ounces of the acid or salt in 100 gallons water, although more concentrated solutions may be employed, and the temperature of the rinsing solution is preferably from F. to 180 F. A rinsing period of one minute is satisfactory, and by the rinsing the resistance of the metal to corrosion is increased, and the tendency of paint applied to the coating to blister is reduced.
• emulsified solvents in the coating solution enable phosphate coatings to be formed on metal surfaces which are too greasy and soiled to allow solutions which do not contain emulsified solvents to attack them and produce satisfactory coatings. Even on clean metal surfaces the presence of the emulsified solvent in the coating solution enables it to wet the metal surface more readily and so produce coatings more even in character with less dust and with greater rapidity.
• a solution is prepared containing 1.4 percent sodium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5 percent sodium chlorate. There is then stirred into the solution 2 percent by weight of kerosene which itself contains 5 percent of its weight of para iso-octyl phenyl ether polyoxyethylene glycol. The solution is adjusted to give a pH of 5.0 and is placed in a spray machine and heated to about F. to F. and sprayed onto a greasy ferrous surface for a period of about 1 minute. The metal surface after treatment is rinsed in hot water, followed by immersion for half a minute in a solution of 10 ounces chromic acid in 100 gallons of water maintained at 160 F. before final force drying. By this treatment slightly iridescent, adherent, even,
• corrosion-resistant coatings of approximately 50 mg./ sq. ft: are obtained eminently suitable for use as a base for paints, lacquers or like materials.
• the invention also includes the solutions referred to above, and these may be prepared at operational strength, i. e., at a strength suitable for immediate use in the process, or as concentrated chemicals, i. e., at, a strength such that they requiredilution before use.
• a process for simultaneously cleaning and producing a phosphate coating on the surfaces of metal of the group consisting of iron and zinc and their alloys which comprises the steps of (1) applying .to the surface an aqueous solution of an acidic phosphate of an alkali metal in the presence of an accelerator having an eifect on the coating action substantially equal to that of about .5 percent to 4 percent chlorate, 1 percent to percent of a hydrocarbon solvent, and a non-ionic oil-in-water emulsifying agent of the polyoxyethylenetype having 3 to polyoxyethylene groups therein in an amount sufiicient to form a stable emulsionof.
• said solvent said solution having a pH of from 3.5 to 5.8 and continuing the application until a coating results, and (2) rinsing the coated surface with a dilute solution of chromic acid.
• An aqueous solution for de-greasing and producing a phosphate coating on the surfaces of metal of the group consisting of iron and zinc and'their alloys which consists essentially of an acidic phosphate selected from the group consisting of sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, and ammonium phosphate, and mixtures thereof, an accelerator in an amount having an effect on the coating action substantially equal to that of about .5 percent to 4 percent chlorate, 1 percent to 10 percent of a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point within the range of 130 C. to 300 C., a polyoxyethylene derivative type emulsifying agent having 3 to 25 polyoxyethylene groups therein in an amount sutficient to form a stable emulsion of said solvent, said solution having a pH within the range of 3.5 to 5.8.
• An aqueous solution for degreasing and producing a phosphate coating on the surfaces of metal'of the group consisting of iron and zinc:and their alloys which consists essentially of an acidic phosphate selected from the group consisting of sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and mixtures thereof, .5% to 4% chlorate, 1% to 10% of a hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point within the range of C. to 300 C., para iso-octyl phenyl ether polyoxyethylene glycol having 9 polyoxyethylene groups in the glycol in an amount sufficient to form a stable emulsion of said solvent, said solution having a pH within the range of 3.5 to 5.8.
• a solution for degreasing and producing a phosphate coating on the surfaces of metal of the group consisting of iron and zinc and their alloys which consists of 1.4% sodium dihydrogen phosphate, .5 sodium chlorate, 2% kerosene, .1% para iso-octyl phenyl ether polyoxyethylene glycol having 9 polyoxyethylene groups in the glycol, balance Water, the pH of the solution falling within the range of 3.5 to 5.8.
• a process for degreasing and producing a phosphate coating on the surfaces of metal of the group consisting of iron and zinc and their alloys which comprises the single step of subjecting said surfaces to the action of an aqueous solution of an acid phosphate selected from the group consisting of sodium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate and mixtures thereof and having a pH in the range of 3.5 to 5.8, 1%10% of a grease-removing hydrocarbonsolvent having a boiling point within the range of 130 C. to 300 C. and a non-ionic emulsifier of the polyoxyethylene type having 3 to 25 polyoxyethylene groups therein in an amount sufficient to .form a stable emulsion of said solvent in said solution.
• an acid phosphate selected from the group consisting of sodium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate and mixtures thereof and having a pH in the range of 3.5 to 5.8, 1%10% of a grease-removing hydrocarbonsolvent having a boiling point within the range of 130 C

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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Cited By (10)

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Citations (10)

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• 1950
  • 1950-03-31 GB GB8165/50A patent/GB718362A/en not_active Expired
  • 1950-07-28 DE DEP2875A patent/DE969303C/de not_active Expired
• 1951
  • 1951-03-31 US US218696A patent/US2744555A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1955
  • 1955-09-23 DE DEM28301A patent/DE1108041B/de active Pending
  • 1955-09-30 NL NL200882A patent/NL107604C/nl active
  • 1955-10-06 FR FR1138382D patent/FR1138382A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1955-10-06 CH CH332819D patent/CH332819A/fr unknown
  • 1955-10-07 BE BE541910D patent/BE541910A/fr unknown
  • 1955-10-07 GB GB28657/55A patent/GB787291A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (10)

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