US2751702A - Cartridge feeding in a tubular magazine firearm - Google Patents

Cartridge feeding in a tubular magazine firearm Download PDF

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Publication number
US2751702A
US2751702A US48272655A US2751702A US 2751702 A US2751702 A US 2751702A US 48272655 A US48272655 A US 48272655A US 2751702 A US2751702 A US 2751702A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cartridge
bolt
receiver
breech
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Lexie Roy Crittendon
Ellis William Hailston
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Remington Arms Co LLC
Original Assignee
Remington Arms Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Remington Arms Co LLC filed Critical Remington Arms Co LLC
Priority to US48272655 priority Critical patent/US2751702A/en
Priority to BE544493D priority patent/BE544493A/fr
Priority to US564248A priority patent/US2893153A/en
Priority to US564249A priority patent/US2824400A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2751702A publication Critical patent/US2751702A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/48—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels
    • F41A21/485—Barrel mounting means, e.g. releasable mountings for replaceable barrels using screws or bolts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F41A3/40—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes mounted on the bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/38—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes
    • F41A3/42—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having rocking locking elements, e.g. pivoting levers or vanes hand-operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
    • F41A9/13—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane
    • F41A9/16—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A9/17—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is parallel to the barrel axis mounted within a smallarm
    • F41A9/18—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is parallel to the barrel axis mounted within a smallarm feeding from a tubular magazine under the barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41C—SMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C7/00—Shoulder-fired smallarms, e.g. rifles, carbines, shotguns
    • F41C7/02—Pump-action guns, i.e. guns having a reciprocating handgrip beneath the barrel for loading or cocking

Definitions

  • Ainotherobject' is the provisionof improvedmeans for the manual operation of the rearwardsliding breech block and forsecurely locking such a breech block'inpositi'on toclosethebreech' end-of a barrel.
  • aamanually operated arm We provide a locking block. which. can be positioned. between locking surfaces on thebolt and. on the receiver and we utilize this locking blockas as means of coupling between the breech. bolt and. a manually operated action bar whichserves to lockand. unlock .thelockingcblock and to reciprocate the breech bolt.
  • Fig. 1 is. a: longitudinal vertical sectional. view taken through the action of a firearm embodying our invention. The mechanismis. shown inbreech closed positionwith thehammencocked but with the chamber empty andwith a column. of. cartridges in the. magazine.
  • Fig. 2 is-a..view-similar to. Fig- 1, with the. mechanism. showndn. breech open position ready to fecdacartridge to thechamber.
  • Fig.v 3 is a view similar to. Figs. 1 and 2,- with. the mechanismshown. in. partially. breech closedposition in theactoffeeding acartridge to the chamber.
  • Fig. 4 is a partialhorizontallongitudinal sectional .view on the.line...4.-4 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is. a view similar. to Fig. 4, with.the breech mechanism just unlockedfrorn the receiver.
  • Fig; 6zis a vertical-cross sectional .view onthe-1ine. 6-6 of:Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 7' is a vertical cross-sectionalview on theline7-7 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 8 isa vertical cross-sectional view on the line-.8-8 ofFig. 1.
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged. partial longitudinalvertical sectional view in the same plane as Fig. 1 but including only the barrel and receiver'tomoreclearly illustrate the cartridge feed passages.
  • Fig. 10' is a left hand elevational view-of the barreL-and breech bolt assembly.
  • Fig. 11' is an enlarged partial horizontal longitudinal sectional view on the line 4- and, except for the. enlarged scale, corresponds to a portion of Fig. 4.
  • a slide action magazine firearm having a barrel 1, a-receiver 2, and abuttstock 3 as basic structural units.
  • a firecontrol assembly 4; conveniently that of thepatent abovereferred to. is supported in the. receiver and a breech bolt 5 is guided for reciprocation in the receiver.
  • Beneath the barrell a conventional tubular magazineo is supported andaiore-end 7 is slidably supported thereon.
  • action bars is provided to couple the slidable fore-end.to thebreech bolt, permitting manual operation. of .the action.
  • the receiver 2 of this construction is conveniently v an aluminum die casting permitting a relatively intricate shape with a minimum of machining and with. great economy, in use of material since so little of the material need'be converted to useless chips in the manufacturing process.
  • the barrel 1 extends rearwardly into thereceiver to the-plane in which Fig. 6 is taken and is retained. there by a hardened takedown screw 9 passingthrough an cc.- centric hardened bushing 10 mountedin the forward ex.- tensionZa of the receiver and engaging a. hardened foreend hanger 11 secured rigidly to the barrel and providing aasupport for the rear end of the tubular magazine.
  • a means. is provided for effecting. an initial 5y rotation of'the bushing, which adjustment may there- 3 after he maintained by staking the eccentric bushing in a fixed position in the receiver.
  • the bushing also effectively increases the load bearing area of the aluminum receiver and insures that the receiver will not be deformed by loads encountered in use of the rifle.
  • the breech end of the barrel 1 is formed to define a bolt stern guideway 12 having a diameter only slightly, if at all, greater than the normal head diameter of the cartridges to be used therein and with the usual chamber 13 to support the cartridge during firing.
  • the bolt is provided with a cartridge head engaging stem 14 which in the breech locked, or firing position shown in Figs. 1 and 4, substantially completely fills the bolt stem guideway and supports the head of a chambered cartridge.
  • the means for locking and reciprocating the bolt will be separately discussed-below.
  • the breech end of the barrel is also formed to define an ejection port 15 in alignment with an ejection port 16 in the receiver and communicating withthe bolt stem guideway.
  • the fire control assembly 4 is described in detail in the patent referred to and will be only briefly referred to here. Its important elements are a hammer 20 controlled by a scar 21 and a trigger 22, the trigger being disconnected from the sear as a function of the fall of the hammer.
  • An action bar lock 23 is also operated by the fall of the hammer and a manual release arm 24 is provided for the action bar lock, the function of the action bar lock being more fully described relative to breech bolt locking.
  • the fire control assembly provides a convenient mounting base for a cartridge carrier 25 which is under the control of the breech bolt as will be described relative to cartridge feeding and is urged by a carrier spring 26 to assist in the feeding of a cartridge from the magazine to the chamber.
  • the cartridge feeding passages in the breech end of the barrel include an upwardly and rearwardly extending groove 27 which together with the track 17 formed in the receiver define an upwardly and rearwardly extending passage receiving cartridges from the tubular magazine and intersecting the bolt stem guideway to an extent such that an arcuate upper portion of the head of the rearmost cartridge in the passage can project slightly into the lower portion of the bolt stern guideway in the path of the bolt stem.
  • a slot 28 which at its front end 28a and rear end 28b is defined by planar walls separated by a space greater than the diameter of the body of a rimmed cartridge but less than the head diameter thereof.
  • the mid-portion of the slot has a width slightly greater than cartridge head diameter and is defined by a pair of part circular cuts defining opposed forwardly and upwardly inclined tracks 29 which will engage the rim on the head of a cartridge and raise it upwardly under complete control as the cartridge is pushed forwardly.
  • the receiver is vertically slotted through the bottom of the track 17 to permit movement of the carrier 25 upward and into the cartridge feeding passages.
  • a cam lug 30 is provided on the carrier which is overridden by the enlarged head of the bolt 5 so that the carrier is depressed whenever the breech bolt is substantially in its locked position and at all other times is urged upwardly to the extent permitted by the cartridge in the feed passages.
  • An abutment 31 is formed on the carrier to define the rearmost position which the head of a cartridge may reach, which position is not particularly critical provided the head is then to the rear of the enlarged mid-portion of the slot 28 and capable of being raised by the carrier into a position partially intersecting the path of the bolt stem.
  • portion of the carrier forward of the abutment 31 should not be longer than the shortest cartridge to be fed from the magazine.
  • An abutment 32 is also formed by the tip of the carrier to oppose rearward movement of following cartridges while one is being fed to the chamber.
  • a detent notch 31a receives the rim of a cartridge and assists in control thereof, as will be later described.
  • Fig. 1 in which the breech is closed on an empty chamber and a cartridge 33 is in the feed passages followed by a cartridge 34 under the urging of the magazine spring.
  • the carrier is freed from restraint by the bolt and urges the head of the cartridge 33 upwardly to the maximum extent permitted by the narrow rearward portion 28b of the slot 28.
  • the engagement of the rim of the cartridge in the detent notch 31a serves as a means of positively preventing an upward displacement of the bullet end of a short cartridge.
  • the body and bullet portion of the cartridge are inclined upwardly in the forward narrow portion 28a of the slot and the forward end of the carrier cuts off further movement by the cartridge 34.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the relationship of the parts about halfway through the cartridge feeding operation.
  • a slidable fore-end 7 and action bar'8 are provided to reciprocate the bolt 5 in the receiver.
  • the action bar extends rearwardly beneath the left hand side of the barrel to a position where it is normally guided by a track 36 formed in the receiver casting.
  • an upstanding lug 37 is provided which is received in a semi-circular camming cut 38 in the outer face of a locking block 39.
  • the locking block is received in a groove 40 of roughly dovetail shape extending vertically across the left hand side of the bolt body. The inner face of the locking block (see Figs.
  • the difference in the radius of curvature of the surface 43 and of the locking recess 44 is not particularly critical provided the relative relationships indicated above are maintained and further provided that the increase in the radius of curvature of the surface 43 is not so great as to result in an excessive concentration of the locking block load adjacent the corner 44:: of the locking block recess.
  • a cutter run-out resulting in a tangential departure of the corner 44a from the right circular conformation of the rest of the recess 44 is heipflll in alleviating any tendency to upset in this region of the receiver and makes it easier to approach the theoretically perfect mating surfaces while maintaining the above described relationship which provides for easy openings.
  • the locking block is retained in the bolt groove by virtue of the dovetail shape" of" the bolt groove; the forward wall ofwhich may" be substantially” a right circular" cylindrical surfa'cedefined by. a radius ofthe lengthofthefiatsurfaee 41; Similarly; the .rear wallof thetbolt groove may be substantially a' right".
  • the action bar lock 23 previously referredto' engages in the conventional way with an abutment 47 "on the action bar when'the bolt is in locked. position .to releasablylock the bolt closed.
  • the action bar lock isreleased by the fall ofthe hammer, permitting instant reloading by pumping the fore-end.
  • Manualrelease of the actionbar lock is providediby, the action b'ar release lever 24; permitting unloading without firing or opening of the action for cleaning or inspection.
  • the bolt stem is longitudinally grooved to receive a firing pin 48, the rear end of the firing pin being exposed in a slot 49 in the bolt to the blow of the hammer 20.
  • a post ejector 50 Figs. 4, S, and 6, is provided in the bolt stem guideway to intercept the head of a cartridge being extracted and to slip it laterally out of the ejection ports 15 and 16.
  • a portion of the bottom of the receiver casting may be conveniently closed by a receiver cover 51 retained by the reception of spring tabs 52 in a groove cut in the inside wall of the receiver.
  • a firearm adapted for cartridges comprising head rims of a diameter greater than body diameter
  • the combination comprising a receiver; a barrel having therein a bolt stern guideway of a diameter not substantially greater than cartridge rim diameter; a bolt reciprocable in said receiver and having a cartridge head engaging stem slidable in said guideway; a tubular magazine adapted to contain a column of cartridges; spring-urged cartridge following means in said magazine; a cartridge receiving passage in said barrel and receiver communicating with said magazine, extending rearwardly and upwardly therefrom and intersecting said bolt stem receiving guideway whereby when said bolt stem is retracted in said guideway the head of the rearrnost cartridge in said passage partially projects into said guideway in the path of forward movement of said bolt stern; a slot in said barrel joining said passage and said bolt stem guideway, said slot having a length greater than cartridge length, having end porions of a width greater than cartridge body diameter and less than cartridge head diameter, and having a mid portion of a width greater than cartridge head diameter shaped to define
  • said cartridge carrier being formed to define a magazine cut-off surface which, when said carrier is in raised position, obstructs rearward passage in said cartridge receiving passage of a cartridge following that raised by the carrier, and interengaging cam means on said carrier and on said bolt formed to permit said carrier to be raised by the spring when the bolt stem is retracted in the guideway and to positively depress said carrier when the bolt stern has substantially completed its forward movement in said guideway, thereby permitting said following cartridge to pass rearwardlyin said cartridge receiving passage into position to be raised by a subsequent operation of the carrier.
  • said receiver being formed to define a longitudinally and vertically extending slot intersecting said cartridge receiving passage through which slot said carrier may be raised and lowered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
US48272655 1955-01-19 1955-01-19 Cartridge feeding in a tubular magazine firearm Expired - Lifetime US2751702A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US48272655 US2751702A (en) 1955-01-19 1955-01-19 Cartridge feeding in a tubular magazine firearm
BE544493D BE544493A (fr) 1955-01-19 1956-01-17 Arme a feu se chargeant par la culasse
US564248A US2893153A (en) 1955-01-19 1956-02-08 Adjustable barrel and receiver connection
US564249A US2824400A (en) 1955-01-19 1956-02-08 Rockable breech bolt locking block

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US48272655 US2751702A (en) 1955-01-19 1955-01-19 Cartridge feeding in a tubular magazine firearm
US564248A US2893153A (en) 1955-01-19 1956-02-08 Adjustable barrel and receiver connection
US564249A US2824400A (en) 1955-01-19 1956-02-08 Rockable breech bolt locking block

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2751702A true US2751702A (en) 1956-06-26

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US48272655 Expired - Lifetime US2751702A (en) 1955-01-19 1955-01-19 Cartridge feeding in a tubular magazine firearm
US564248A Expired - Lifetime US2893153A (en) 1955-01-19 1956-02-08 Adjustable barrel and receiver connection
US564249A Expired - Lifetime US2824400A (en) 1955-01-19 1956-02-08 Rockable breech bolt locking block

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US564248A Expired - Lifetime US2893153A (en) 1955-01-19 1956-02-08 Adjustable barrel and receiver connection
US564249A Expired - Lifetime US2824400A (en) 1955-01-19 1956-02-08 Rockable breech bolt locking block

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US (3) US2751702A (fr)
BE (1) BE544493A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2845738A (en) * 1955-05-23 1958-08-05 Olin Mathicson Chemical Corp Cartridge feeding mechanism
US3075313A (en) * 1960-01-25 1963-01-29 Harold D Allyn Breech bolt firearm with movable forearm and action bars
US3203129A (en) * 1963-09-13 1965-08-31 Emhart Corp Bolt action rifle barrel construction
US20220307782A1 (en) * 2021-03-28 2022-09-29 Jordan Kristomas Kennedy System for a multi-caliber self-loading action assembly

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3101648A (en) * 1959-01-14 1963-08-27 Walther Fritz Automatic firearm with means for maintaining slow rate of firing
US3003274A (en) * 1959-12-08 1961-10-10 Remington Arms Co Inc Cartridge feed system
BE629501A (fr) * 1962-03-12
US4008537A (en) * 1975-10-03 1977-02-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Modification of rifle adapter assembly to prevent doubling
DE19512178C2 (de) * 1995-03-31 1998-04-09 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Mehrladeflinte
US20140033589A1 (en) * 2012-12-10 2014-02-06 MAG Tactical Systems, LLC Firearm receiver and method of manufacture
US9599417B2 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-03-21 Savage Arms, Inc. Extractor mechanism for firearm
US11143478B2 (en) 2019-04-05 2021-10-12 Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc Free-floating barrel mounting system for firearm
US11187481B2 (en) * 2019-05-29 2021-11-30 Smith & Wesson Inc. Firearm fire control mechanisms

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2369244A (en) * 1939-11-28 1945-02-13 Remington Arms Co Inc Firearm
US2422301A (en) * 1944-01-12 1947-06-17 Timothy F Horan Cartridge feeding mechanism for repeating firearms
US2577026A (en) * 1946-01-16 1951-12-04 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Pivoted breech bolt lock for automatic firearms
US2601808A (en) * 1948-09-15 1952-07-01 Howard R Clarke Breech bolt lock and actuator for firearms
US2679124A (en) * 1950-06-16 1954-05-25 Il Harry H Sefried Assembly for the barrel, receiver, magazine, and stock of firearms
US2679123A (en) * 1948-08-20 1954-05-25 Olin Ind Inc Takedown mechanism for firearms

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US288939A (en) * 1883-11-20 Daniel p
US705234A (en) * 1901-09-20 1902-07-22 Remington Arms Co Inc Firearm.
US761463A (en) * 1902-07-24 1904-05-31 Stevens Arms & Tool Company J Breech-loading firearm.
DE641356C (de) * 1931-04-19 1937-01-28 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Schlossverriegelung fuer Feuerwaffen
CH243370A (de) * 1944-07-08 1946-07-15 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Automatische Feuerwaffe.
CH267987A (de) * 1947-06-20 1950-04-30 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Automatische Feuerwaffe mit Patrone.
US2756640A (en) * 1950-03-30 1956-07-31 Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc Breech block locking means

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2369244A (en) * 1939-11-28 1945-02-13 Remington Arms Co Inc Firearm
US2422301A (en) * 1944-01-12 1947-06-17 Timothy F Horan Cartridge feeding mechanism for repeating firearms
US2577026A (en) * 1946-01-16 1951-12-04 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Pivoted breech bolt lock for automatic firearms
US2679123A (en) * 1948-08-20 1954-05-25 Olin Ind Inc Takedown mechanism for firearms
US2601808A (en) * 1948-09-15 1952-07-01 Howard R Clarke Breech bolt lock and actuator for firearms
US2679124A (en) * 1950-06-16 1954-05-25 Il Harry H Sefried Assembly for the barrel, receiver, magazine, and stock of firearms

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2845738A (en) * 1955-05-23 1958-08-05 Olin Mathicson Chemical Corp Cartridge feeding mechanism
US3075313A (en) * 1960-01-25 1963-01-29 Harold D Allyn Breech bolt firearm with movable forearm and action bars
US3203129A (en) * 1963-09-13 1965-08-31 Emhart Corp Bolt action rifle barrel construction
US20220307782A1 (en) * 2021-03-28 2022-09-29 Jordan Kristomas Kennedy System for a multi-caliber self-loading action assembly
US11644256B2 (en) * 2021-03-28 2023-05-09 Jordan Kristomas Kennedy System for a multi-caliber self-loading action assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2824400A (en) 1958-02-25
BE544493A (fr) 1956-02-15
US2893153A (en) 1959-07-07

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