US2763336A - Air purging methods and apparatus for fluid pumps - Google Patents

Air purging methods and apparatus for fluid pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
US2763336A
US2763336A US32400252A US2763336A US 2763336 A US2763336 A US 2763336A US 32400252 A US32400252 A US 32400252A US 2763336 A US2763336 A US 2763336A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
fuel
pump
passages
air
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert W Erikson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sundstrand Machine Tool Co
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Sundstrand Machine Tool Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sundstrand Machine Tool Co filed Critical Sundstrand Machine Tool Co
Priority to US32400252 priority Critical patent/US2763336A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2763336A publication Critical patent/US2763336A/en
Priority to BE603126A priority patent/BE603126Q/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0053—Venting means for starting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2559—Self-controlled branched flow systems
    • Y10T137/2574—Bypass or relief controlled by main line fluid condition
    • Y10T137/2605—Pressure responsive

Definitions

  • Another object of the invention is ⁇ to produce a pump provided with air purging means in the form of a centrifuge chamber to which liquid is delivered and in which Ythe liquid is rotated, with the action being such :as to force the heavier and hence air free liquid against the outer periphery of :the chamber from which it is delivered to the pump outlet, while the air laden liquid near .the inner periphery of the chamber is by-passed.
  • a further object of the invention is .to produce a pumping means of the type described in the preceding paragraph for use in an oil burner system wherein the liquid is oil and wherein the rotation in ⁇ the centrifuge chamber is caused by pumping oil thereinto in .a direction tangent to the chamber.
  • Yet another object of ⁇ the invention is to produce a liquid pump having flow passages so designed as to produce a relatively slow downward iiow of liquid therethrough, with the speed of oW being less than the speed of rise through ⁇ the liquid of an entrained .air bubble and Vthus to provide, in effect, Ian air flotation separation charnber in which entrained air may rise with the lower por- 'tion of the chamber being connected to the pump outlet.
  • a more specific object of the invention is to produce an oil burner pump having pumping means for delivering oil under pressure to a valve bore in the pump, with the bore ,being provided with means dening a centrifuge chamber into which the oil is first delivered in a manner causing rotation of the oil therein, with the valve bore being provided With vertical passages opening at one end to the outer periphery of the centrifuge chamber so ⁇ as to receive thereinto the heavier :air free-oil, with such passages being 'proportioned as to cause a relatively slow iiow of oil therethrough, with the ow beingat a speed less than the Fspeed of rise of an entrained air bubble, and with the lower portion of the flow passages being connected to .the pump outlet sowas to deliver thereinto substantially air free oil.
  • Fig. 1 is a .top plan view of an oil burner pump embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2 2 of Fig. l
  • Fig.3 is a sectional View taken along line 3 3 of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 is la sectional view taken along line 4 4 of Fig.
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5--5 of Fig. 1. While this' invention is susceptible of embodiments in nany diierent forms, there is shown in the drawing and crescent type gear pump ICC will herein be described in detail one specific embodiment, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exempliiication of the principles of the invention and is not intended Ito limit .the invention to the embodiment illustrated. The scope of the invention will be pointed out in the appended claims.
  • the fuel delivered 'to the site of combustion be substantially free of air. This is particularly true in ⁇ a system for supplying oil under pressure to a pressure atomizing nozzle for atomizing the fuel for consumption. If air is entrained inthe oil delivered lto .the nozzle, such airis compressed in the oil and upon shut down of the pump and Vthe closing of a valve upstream of the burner nozzle, the air in the oil downstream of the valve expands, ejecting a slug of solid fuel from the nozzle. This act is often called after blurp and the slug of oil, in burning, is apt to cause carbonization of 4the nozzle tip and the emission of the considerable smoke.
  • the pump comprises a casing 10 rotatably supporting a drive shaft 11 which is ladapted to be secured to a suitable driving motor for operating the pump.
  • a drive shaft 11 which is ladapted to be secured to a suitable driving motor for operating the pump.
  • a 12 Enclosed within the casing is a 12 and the shaft is provided with a shaft seal 13 for preventing liquid leaking along the shaft from escaping from the casing.
  • the pump 12 includes a plate 14 having an annular recess defining a pump chamber. Located within the pump chamber and secured to the shaftpll is a pinion gear 15 having teeth which mesh with the .teeth of an internally ,toother ring gear 16, with the lat-ter gear having a diameter in execess of the diameter of the pinion to provide space for :an intervening crescent 17.
  • the pump chamber defined by the plate 14 is closed on one side by the casing 10 and on lthe opposite side by a cover plate 18 suitably bolted to the casing.
  • An inlet port 20 is provided in the casing which opens into filter chamber 21 wherein a cylindrical lter screen 22 is positioned.
  • the filter chamber 21 is closed at its top by a closure nut 23 which may be removed for cleaning the filter.
  • a recess 24 connected to an intake passage 25 which opens into the intake lof the gear pump 12. Discharge from the gear pump is through a passage 26 which opens into a bore 30 formed in the casing.
  • a fluid pressure operated cut-oit valve for controlling ow of fuel to the nozzle of the oil burner together with air purging means for delivering to the burner port oil which is substantially free of entrained air.
  • a sleeve 31 is press-fitted in the bore 3l) and sealed thereto adjacent its upper end by an O-ring 32.
  • the sleeve is provided with an annular groove defining with the bore a centrifuging chamber 33 to which the discharge 26 from the gear pump opens.
  • the passage 26V preferably opens to the chamber tangentially, or at least tangent to a circle whose center coincides'with the center of the chamber. For all practical purposes, ilow from the passage 26 directed tangentially to any such circle may be considered as being directed tangentially to the chamber and will be so considered in the description and claims.
  • fuel delivered thereby to the chamber is caused to rotate rapidly in the chamber.
  • Such rotation by centrifugal action, causes the heavier (air free) fuel to follow the outer periphery of the chamber while the lighter (air carrying) fuel follows the inner periphery.
  • Located at the inner periphery of the chamber and extending radially through the sleeve is a plurality of by-pass passages 34 and a second plurality of radial passages 35 positioned above the passages 34.
  • the sleeve 31 is spaced at its lower end above the lower end of the bore to provide thereat a valve chamber 36 which communicates with a burner port 37. Also communicating with the chamber 36 is a gauge passage 38 opening into a gauge port 39 adapted to receive a suitable gauge for measuring the oil pressure within the chamber 36.
  • a piston valve 40 Reciprocably received within the sleeve 31 is a piston valve 40 having a portion 41 controlling the burner port 37 and urged to a position closing the port by a compression spring 42.
  • the opposite end of the spring 42 bears against a retaining washer 43 secured to the end of an adjusting screw 44 threadably received in the casing and a cover plug 45 is provided to cover the end of the screw 44, which plug may be removed for the purpose of adjusting the screw and hence the tension of the spring 42.
  • the interior of the piston 40 is provided with a plurality of radial ports 46 opening to the interior of the piston and communicating with an annular groove 47 formed on the exterior surface thereof, with the groove being adapted to be moved into a position wherein it communicates with the radial passages 34 when the piston valve is moved to the open position shown in Fig. 3 by the fluid pressure generated within the chamber 36.
  • a second annular groove 4S is formed on the exterior surface of the piston 40 which communicates with a bleeder slot 49 formed in the side walls of the piston and opening to the upper end thereof.
  • the groove 48 is so proportioned as to be in constant communication with the radial passages 35 for the purposes hereinafter to be described.
  • a portion of the discharge of the pump introduced into the centrifuging chamber 33 is directed into the valve chamber 36 by a plurality of vertical flow passages 50 which extend downwardly at an angle of approximately 90 from the rotative direction of flow of fluid in the centrifuge chamber 33.
  • Three such ow passages 50 are provided spaced around the sleeve 31, with all such passages opening into the outer periphery of the centrifuge chamber. Thus substantially air free fuel is delivered into the passages 50.
  • the total ow through the passages 50 is determined by the nozzle capacity. Further air purging may be achieved in the passages 50 by so proportioning the crosssectional area of the passages relative to nozzle capacity as to produce a slow ow of fuel therein.
  • the area of the passages 50 is such that fuel flow downwardly therein is slower than the speed of ascent of an air bubble entrained in the fuel.
  • the passages S are, in effect, flotation separation passages and any air remaining in the fuel leaving the centrifuge chamber and entering the passages 50 may float upwardly and out of such passages to be swept into and along with the by-passed fuel.
  • the length of the channels 50 is proportioned to dampen the turbulence of the entrance conditions.
  • the interior of the piston S1 opens at its other end to the upper portion 52 of the bore which communicates with a by-pass outlet 53 and by-pass port 54.
  • the port 54 will be used in two pipe systems. lf a single pipe system is employed the port 54 may be closed by a plug and a plug 56 located in a passage 57 communicating with the filter chamber 21 may be removed so that excess by-pass fluid is returned to the intake of the gear pump 12. With plug S6 removed either port 54 or port 20 may be used as the inlet port.
  • fluid discharged from the gear pump 12 is delivered tangentially into the centrifuging chamber 33 and caused to rotate therein.
  • a portion of the flow is directed downwardly through the ow passages 50 communicating with the outer periphery of the centrifuge chamber into the valve chamber 36.
  • piston valve 40 opens to permit discharge of fuel into the burner port 37 which may be connected to a suitable pressure atomizing nozzle.
  • the passages 35, groove 48 and slot 49 serve as a bleed for the pump and provide, in effect, a constant leak for the pump.
  • the pressure within the chamber 36 decreases rapidly and thus the valve 40 closes while the pump is still operating at some speed.
  • a liquid pump having an outlet, means for purging air from the liquid comprising pumping means, a centrifuging chamber connected to the discharge of the pumping means to receive liquid under pressure therefrom, means for causing rotation of liquid in the centrifuging chamber, a by-pass passage having an inlet end communicating with the inner portion of the chamber and an outlet end by-passing the pump outlet, a valve chamber, a ow passage connected at one end to the outer periphery of the centrifuging chamber and communicating at its other end with the valve chamber, a valve in the valve chamber adapted to be moved by increasing pump discharge pressure in said valve chamber to establish communication between the valve chamber and the outlet, and means on said valve controlling said by-pass passage and operating to open the by-pass passage upon movement of the valve.
  • a fuel pump having a casing provided with an outlet
  • means for purging air from the fuel comprising pumping means on the casing, a bore in the casing, a sleeve in the bore and having a portion spaced therefrom to provide with the bore an annular centrifuging chamber, a passageway connected at one end to the discharge of the pumping means and opening at its other end tan- ⁇ gentially to the chamber, a by-pass passage having a portion extending through the sleeve to communicate with the inner periphery of the chamber and having an outlet end by-passing the pump outlet, and a flow passage connected at one end to the outer periphery of the chamber and communicating at its other end with the pump outlet.
  • means for purging air from the fuel comprising a pump, an annular centrifuging chamber, a passageway connected at one end to the discharge of the pump and opening at its other end tangentially to the centrifuging chamber to cause rotation of fuel therein, a by-pass passage having a portion communicating with the inner periphery of the chamber and having an outlet end by-passing the pump outlet, a valve chamber, a vertically arranged flow passage having a cross sectional, ⁇ area proportioned to produce a flow of fuel therethrough at a speed less than the otation rise of an air bubble entrained in the fuel flowing through said ow passage, said flow passage being connected near its upper end to the outer periphery of the centrifuging chamber and extending downwardly therefrom to communicate near its lower end with the valve chamber, and a valve inthe valve chamber adapted to be opened by pump discharge pressure to establish communication between the Valving chamber and the pump outlet.
  • means for purging air from the fuel comprising pumping means having a capacity substantially in excess of the nozzle capacity, a centrifuging chamber, a passage means opening tangentially into the centrifuging chamber and connecting the discharge of the pumping means thereto, a plurality of by-pass passages communicating at one end with the inner portion of the chamber and at their other end by-passing the pump outlet, said by-pass passages being proportioned to by-pass the major portion of fuel delivered by the pumping means, and a plurality of 110W passages having a cross sectional area proportioned to produce a ow of fuel through each tiow passage at a speed less than the flotation rise of an air bubble entrained in the fuel owing through said ow passages, with each ow passage being connected at one end to the outer periphery of the chamber and extending downwardly to communicate at its other end with the pump outlet for delivering the minor portion of the fuel received
  • An oil burner fuel pump comprising a casing having a burner port to be connected to an atomizing nozzle of predetermined capacity, pumping means in the casing having a capacity substantially in excess of nozzle capacity, a bore in the casing, a sleeve in the bore having an annular groove in its outer surface providing with the bore an annular centrifuging chamber intermediate the ends of the bore, said sleeve having one end adjacent but spaced from one end of the bore to provide at said end of the' bore a valve chamber, a piston valve in the sleeve and having a portion in the valve chamber, said piston valve being movable to open position in response to the build up of fuel pressure in the valve chamber to establish communication between the valve chamber and the burner port, a passage opening tangentially into the bore at the centrifuging chamber and connected to the discharge of the pumping means, a plurality of by-pass passages circumferentally'spaced around the sleeve and extending radially therethrough with each by-pass passage opening at
  • the method for purging air from fuel discharged by a fuel pump which comprises introducing fuel discharged under pressure by the fuel pump tangentially into an annular chamber to rotate the fuel therein, directing a substantial portion of fuel from the inner periphery of the chamber into a passage by-passing the pump outlet, directing the remaining portion of the fuel from the outer periphery of the chamber into a vertically arranged flow passage, producing a downward fuel flow through the passage at a speed less than the flotation rise of an air bubble entrained in the fuel to permit entrained air to rise in the passage and pass into the chamber, directing fuel from the lower portion of the passage to the outlet, and directing air rising into the chamber into said by-pass passage.
  • a liquid pump having an outlet, means for purging air from the liquid comprising pumping means, a centrifuging chamber connected to the discharge of the pumping means to receive liquid under pressure therefrom, means for causing rotation of liquid in the centrifuging chamber, a by-pass passage having an outlet end by-passing the pump outlet, -a valve chamber, a ow passage connected at one end to the outer periphery of the centrifuging chamber and communicating at its other end with the valve chamber, a valve in the valve chamber adapted to be moved by increasing pump discharge pressure in said valve chamber to establish communication between the valve chamber and the outlet, and means for establishing communication between the inner portion of the chamber and said by-pass passage when the pressure in said valve chamber reaches a predetermined value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
US32400252 1952-12-04 1952-12-04 Air purging methods and apparatus for fluid pumps Expired - Lifetime US2763336A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32400252 US2763336A (en) 1952-12-04 1952-12-04 Air purging methods and apparatus for fluid pumps
BE603126A BE603126Q (fr) 1952-12-04 1961-04-27 Procédés et appareils de purge d'air pour pompes à fluide

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US32400252 US2763336A (en) 1952-12-04 1952-12-04 Air purging methods and apparatus for fluid pumps

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US2763336A true US2763336A (en) 1956-09-18

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2915015A (en) * 1955-05-16 1959-12-01 Sundstrand Corp Air purging apparatus for pumps
US2931314A (en) * 1955-05-17 1960-04-05 Sundstrand Corp Air purging apparatus for pumps
US2963735A (en) * 1956-10-25 1960-12-13 Heinz Becker Machines for introducing foodstuffs into containers
US3137234A (en) * 1959-08-10 1964-06-16 Roper Hydraulics Inc Method of pumping and separating liquid and gaseous fluids
US3143967A (en) * 1962-11-23 1964-08-11 Sundstrand Corp Fuel unit
US3307569A (en) * 1964-01-06 1967-03-07 Sunstrand Corp Relief and by-pass valve for fuel burners
US3446230A (en) * 1966-06-13 1969-05-27 Sundstrand Corp Fuel regulating valve
US6117217A (en) * 1999-04-14 2000-09-12 Jones; James Michael Agricultural liquid ammonia pump-vapor stripper
US20170087494A1 (en) * 2014-05-12 2017-03-30 Sang Phil Lee Purification apparatus for compressed air

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1697321A (en) * 1927-05-31 1929-01-01 Hallan N Marsh Self-contained gas anchor
US2223112A (en) * 1938-10-26 1940-11-26 Martin & Schwartz Inc Apparatus for pumping and separating gas and liquid bodies
US2229541A (en) * 1939-05-12 1941-01-21 John A Zublin Apparatus for pumping oil wells
US2246951A (en) * 1938-02-15 1941-06-24 Aqua Systems Inc Pump unit for liquid dispensing apparatus
US2277651A (en) * 1939-03-30 1942-03-24 Maurice G Steele Air eliminator for surface condensers
US2330703A (en) * 1941-01-18 1943-09-28 Gilbert & Barker Mfg Co Air separator control for liquid dispensing apparatus
US2528448A (en) * 1945-09-04 1950-10-31 Munk William Paul Oil and gas separator
US2652130A (en) * 1950-06-26 1953-09-15 California Research Corp Gas-oil separator

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1697321A (en) * 1927-05-31 1929-01-01 Hallan N Marsh Self-contained gas anchor
US2246951A (en) * 1938-02-15 1941-06-24 Aqua Systems Inc Pump unit for liquid dispensing apparatus
US2223112A (en) * 1938-10-26 1940-11-26 Martin & Schwartz Inc Apparatus for pumping and separating gas and liquid bodies
US2277651A (en) * 1939-03-30 1942-03-24 Maurice G Steele Air eliminator for surface condensers
US2229541A (en) * 1939-05-12 1941-01-21 John A Zublin Apparatus for pumping oil wells
US2330703A (en) * 1941-01-18 1943-09-28 Gilbert & Barker Mfg Co Air separator control for liquid dispensing apparatus
US2528448A (en) * 1945-09-04 1950-10-31 Munk William Paul Oil and gas separator
US2652130A (en) * 1950-06-26 1953-09-15 California Research Corp Gas-oil separator

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2915015A (en) * 1955-05-16 1959-12-01 Sundstrand Corp Air purging apparatus for pumps
US2931314A (en) * 1955-05-17 1960-04-05 Sundstrand Corp Air purging apparatus for pumps
US2963735A (en) * 1956-10-25 1960-12-13 Heinz Becker Machines for introducing foodstuffs into containers
US3137234A (en) * 1959-08-10 1964-06-16 Roper Hydraulics Inc Method of pumping and separating liquid and gaseous fluids
US3143967A (en) * 1962-11-23 1964-08-11 Sundstrand Corp Fuel unit
US3307569A (en) * 1964-01-06 1967-03-07 Sunstrand Corp Relief and by-pass valve for fuel burners
US3446230A (en) * 1966-06-13 1969-05-27 Sundstrand Corp Fuel regulating valve
US6117217A (en) * 1999-04-14 2000-09-12 Jones; James Michael Agricultural liquid ammonia pump-vapor stripper
US20170087494A1 (en) * 2014-05-12 2017-03-30 Sang Phil Lee Purification apparatus for compressed air
US10695703B2 (en) * 2014-05-12 2020-06-30 Sang Phil Lee Purification apparatus for compressed air

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Publication number Publication date
BE603126Q (fr) 1961-08-16

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