US2764538A - Method of plating chromium over antimony - Google Patents
Method of plating chromium over antimony Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2764538A US2764538A US310929A US31092952A US2764538A US 2764538 A US2764538 A US 2764538A US 310929 A US310929 A US 310929A US 31092952 A US31092952 A US 31092952A US 2764538 A US2764538 A US 2764538A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- antimony
- article
- bath
- bright
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 71
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 71
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 39
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Chemical compound O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UZUDISASKYIBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Cr].[Cr](=O)(=O)(O)O UZUDISASKYIBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWGNOEDOFJKLST-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cd].[Sb] Chemical compound [Cd].[Sb] WWGNOEDOFJKLST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGHMFMDJVUVBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony copper Chemical compound [Cu].[Sb] KGHMFMDJVUVBRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRPNWWVBZXJBKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Sb] PRPNWWVBZXJBKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQHJESKHUUVSIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony lead Chemical compound [Sb].[Pb] QQHJESKHUUVSIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sb] GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZJCMXPZSYNVLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sb] CZJCMXPZSYNVLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
- C07D209/86—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
Definitions
- Chromium is one of the more difiicult metals to electrodeposit satisfactorily. Chromium is conventionally electrodeposited from a hot aqueous electroplating bath contaming chromic and sulfuric acid. Such a bath is both corrosive and very oxidizing at the temperatures at which it is usually employed. Many metals, when immersed in such an acid solution, are corroded or etched to produce a rough, uneven surface, poorly suited as an undercoat for a bright electrodeposit of chromium.
- a bright, adherent, corrosion resistant coating of chromium may be electrodeposited over an article having 'an outer surface of antimony or of an antimony base alloy if, instead of immediately applying the plating current when the article to be plated is immersed in the chromium plating bath, the application of th plating current is delayed for a predetermined time.
- the practice of my invention involves exposing an article, having an outer surface of antimony or an antimony base alloy, upon which chromium is to be electrodeposited, to a chromium plating bath for a period of time not exceeding sixty seconds before any plating current is applied to the bath and then electrodepositing chromium on the article by passing a plating current through the bath.
- the article is immersed in a hot chromium plating bath and the delay in the application of the plating current is from about five to thirty seconds.
- any suitable chromic acid chromium plating bath may be used.
- the bath may contain, for example, from about 33 to 53 ounces per gallon of chromic acid (CrOs) and a small amount of sulfuric acid.
- CrOs chromic acid
- the ratio of chromic acid to sulfuric acid may of course be varied.
- an aqueous chromium plating bath containing 53 ounces per gallon of chromic acid (OrOs) and 0.53 ounces per gallon of surfuric acid may be used.
- Such a plating bath may be operated at temperatures ranging from F.
- the article to be plated may be exposed separately to a first hot chromium plating bath through which no plating current is passed and then chromium plated using a second :chromium plating bath where the full plating current is applied when the article is immersed in the bath.
- the method of my invention is readily adaptable for use in commercial electroplating procedures which employ a continuous conveyor system.
- an article to be chromium plated may be moved by an automatic conveyor system through the entire cleaning, treating and plating sequence.
- a bright antimony or antimony alloy surface may also be obtained without the necessity of bufling or polishing.
- the article is immersed in a chromic acid chromium plating bath having a temperature of about 115 F. to 130 F. and maintained there for about seconds before any plating current is applied to the bath.
- the full current preferably a current sufhcient to provide a cathodic current density of about 180' to 220 amperes per square foot is applied.
- the article is then maintained in the chromium plating bath for a length of time suflicient to plate th desired thickness of chromium which, in a preferred embodiment, does not exceed about 0.000015 inch.
- a method of electrodepositing a bright coating of chromium on an article having an outer surface of a metal selected from the class consisting of antimony and antimony base alloys which comprises immersing said article for a period of time not in excess of one minute in a chromic acid base chromium plating bath maintained at a temperature of from 115 F. to 130 F. while no electrical current is passing through the bath and then electrodepositing bright chromium on the article in a chromic acid base chromium plating bath.
- a method of electrod'epositing a bright coating of chromium on an article having an outer surface of antimony which comprises immersing said article for a period of time not in excess'of one minute in achromic acid base chromium plating bath maintained at a temperature of from 110 F. to 160 F. while no electrical current is passing through the bath and then electrodepositing bright chromium on the antimony in a chromic acid base chromium plating bath, said bright chromium electrodeposit having a thickness not in excess of 0.0001 inch.
- a method of electrodepositing a bright coating of chromium on an article having an outer surface of antimony which comprises immersing said article for a period of time within the range of 5 to 30 seconds in a chromic acid base chromium plating bath containing about 33 to 53 ounces of chromic acid per gallon while no electrical current is passing through the bath, said bath being maintained at a temperature of from F. to about F. and then electrodepositing bright chromium on the antimony in a chromium plating bath containing about 33 to 53 ounces of chromic acid per gallon, said bright chromium having a thickness within the range of 0.00001 to 0.000015 inch.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US310929A US2764538A (en) | 1952-09-22 | 1952-09-22 | Method of plating chromium over antimony |
| GB24349/53A GB738236A (en) | 1952-09-22 | 1953-09-03 | Improvements in the deposition of chromium on antimony or antimony alloy surfaces |
| FR1083800D FR1083800A (fr) | 1952-09-22 | 1953-09-17 | Procédé perfectionné d'obtention de dépôts électrolytiques de chrome sur des surfaces en antimoine ou alliage d'antimoine |
| DEG12673A DE929103C (de) | 1952-09-22 | 1953-09-22 | Verfahren zur galvanischen Erzeugung von Chromueberzuegen auf Antimon und seinen Legierungen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US310929A US2764538A (en) | 1952-09-22 | 1952-09-22 | Method of plating chromium over antimony |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2764538A true US2764538A (en) | 1956-09-25 |
Family
ID=23204658
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US310929A Expired - Lifetime US2764538A (en) | 1952-09-22 | 1952-09-22 | Method of plating chromium over antimony |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2764538A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE929103C (de) |
| FR (1) | FR1083800A (de) |
| GB (1) | GB738236A (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2829091A (en) * | 1956-06-04 | 1958-04-01 | Menasco Mfg Company | Method for electroplating titanium |
| US2946728A (en) * | 1955-06-23 | 1960-07-26 | Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc | Adherent electroplating on titanium |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2855348A (en) * | 1955-08-25 | 1958-10-07 | Tiarco Corp | Chromium plating |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1565216A (en) * | 1922-06-10 | 1925-12-08 | William P Topping | Electroplated stereotype plate or nickel-plated printing plate and process of making the same |
| US2127640A (en) * | 1936-01-07 | 1938-08-23 | Western Electric Co | Method of chromium plating |
-
1952
- 1952-09-22 US US310929A patent/US2764538A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1953
- 1953-09-03 GB GB24349/53A patent/GB738236A/en not_active Expired
- 1953-09-17 FR FR1083800D patent/FR1083800A/fr not_active Expired
- 1953-09-22 DE DEG12673A patent/DE929103C/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1565216A (en) * | 1922-06-10 | 1925-12-08 | William P Topping | Electroplated stereotype plate or nickel-plated printing plate and process of making the same |
| US2127640A (en) * | 1936-01-07 | 1938-08-23 | Western Electric Co | Method of chromium plating |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2946728A (en) * | 1955-06-23 | 1960-07-26 | Cleveland Pneumatic Ind Inc | Adherent electroplating on titanium |
| US2829091A (en) * | 1956-06-04 | 1958-04-01 | Menasco Mfg Company | Method for electroplating titanium |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE929103C (de) | 1955-06-20 |
| GB738236A (en) | 1955-10-12 |
| FR1083800A (fr) | 1955-01-12 |
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