US279331A - Steam-boiler setting and furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

T. R. BUTMAN.

STEAM BOILER SETTING AND FU-RNAGE.

,331. Patented June 12,1883.

\lllllllll UNITED STATES.

PATENT O FICE.

THOMAS R. BUTMAN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

STEAM-BOILER SETTING AND FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No; 279,331, dated June 12, less.

Application filed October 26, 1882. (N model.)

I? all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS REED BUTMAN, of Cleveland, in the county of Guyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boiler Settings and Furnaces; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

This invention relates to the settings of steam-boilers and to steam-boiler furnaces, and is an improvement in that kind of furnace in which an arch is sprung over the boiler, and in which air is heated and fedinto the fire-box for producing complete combustion of the fuel and the gaseous products thereof, wherebythe heat is utilized and the full calorific value of the fuel is more nearly realized in, effective work.

The object of the invention is to more uni formly and safely heat the boiler, thereby preventing injurious strain upon it, to utilize waste heat and produce complete combustion, and to construct a-yielding double wall which shall be free from strain and breakage due to expansion and contraction under the influence of heat and subsequent cooling.

It is a well-known fact that with the ordinary steam-b oiler settings the heat is unevenly distributed to the water-surfaces of the boiler, thereby producing unequal expansion and consequent severe strain upon the boiler and brick-work; also, that a large amount of heat is lost through the side walls and from the upper portion of the boiler by radiation. Now, by my improved construction I overcome these serious defects. In my system of boiler-settin g the side walls are constructed with air-spaces,

and an arch is sprung over the boiler,thewalls being brought into contact with the boiler only circumferentially at the ends thereof, and

. pendent brick partitions are arranged in the effectually preventing radiation and slightly superheating the steam, thereby greatly in creasing the capacity and durability of the boiler. Another important feature is the shape or contour of the side walls of the furnace with relation. to the boiler. I construct the side walls so that the space between them and the boiler shall be greater forward of the bridgewall, at or near which I cause them to con verge, gradually reducing the space between them and the boiler. This allows of more expansion of the flame and gases at the forward part of the furnace, where the heat would usually be the greatest, and causes the flame and gases to press closer and closer as they flow :back against the sides or shell of the boiler, thereby intensifying the heating effect at the rear as compared with the heat usuallybrought to bear at the rear portions, resulting in the more uniform distribution of the heat to all portions of the boiler.

In furnaces with double walls as ordinarily constructed the inner wall becomes more highly heated and consequently expands more than the outer wall, and, the two being tied to gether, the inner wall, when heated, raises the tie-brick and causes the 'outer wallto crack. To overcome this and cause the outer 'wall to support the inner wall, I extend brick from either the outer or inner wall across the intervening space,'allowing them to abut against the opposite wall,but not tied to the same. By so doing I make a slip-j oint, which allows either wall to' expand or contract without disturbing the other. I jacket the smoke-flue of metal with asuitable material, providing an air-space between the fine and jacket having an opening at one or more places for the admission of air, and connect said air-space to the chambers or spaces in the furnace-walls, whereby the air may be drawn down through the space in the j acket, thence through connecting-pipes and spaces in the'walls, and admitted to the fire-box and combustion-chamber of the furnace by any of the well-known means, supplying the hot gases with hot air for producing complete combustion. I place an injector or steam-blower in the combustion-chamber,

connecting by pipes at the suction end with IOO between the smoke-flue and its jacket and the boiler, for forming spaces into which the flame spaces in the side walls and discharging it into the fire-box above the fuel.

Having set forth the nature and object of my invention, I will now proceed to describe it moreparticularly with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of the boiler and furnace, showing the double side walls, the arch over the boiler, the calorific box or partition-wall in the fire-box, and the smoke-flue and jacket in elevation. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the furnacewalls and arch, showing the smoke-flue and.

jacket in transverse section. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the furnace-walls below the boiler, showing the steam and air pipes in the bottom of the eombustion-chamber. Fig. etis a detached side view, on an enlarged scale, of the calorific box or air-feeder; and Fig. is a cross-section thereof.

In the following description like letters refer Y to like parts in all the figures.

A represents the boiler, having connected with its front end the smoke-flue A, cxtending partially around which is thej acket B, providing an air-space, 7), between it and the flue. Connected with this space are the pipes-b, leading to the air-spaces in the side walls of the furnace. The boiler is supported upon the front wall and upon the spool or .roller 0 in the rear bridge-wall G, the roll er permitting free movement of the boiler upon its supporting-wall during expansion and contraction. The side and rear walls are made double, being composed of the outer wall, D, and the inner wall, 1), converging slightly from the front bridgewall, E, to the rear, so as to contract the combustion-chamber toward the rear end of the boiler, and cause the flame and gases to press more closely upon the shell of the boiler and uniformly distribute the heat from the front to the rear end of the boiler. The walls are also so constructed as to provide an air space or chamber, d, extending from top to bottom in the sides and at the rear. These walls are not connected to each other by tie-brick, but are supported one by the other by means of brick or headers secured in one wall and abutting loosely against the other wa-ll, forming a slip -j oint, whereby, during unequal expansion and contraction of the two walls, due to a difference of temperature and to changes therein, all cracking and straining of the brick-work are prevented, and the walls are much more durably and effectivelymaintained. The lining G- of the inner wall is curved, partially conforming to the boiler, for forming a suitable combustion-chamber, and is carried in the form of an arch, H, over the top of the boiler, but not in contact with it, except at each end, it being brought close around the front end and the upper half of the rear end. Extending from this arch, between it and the boiler, are the pendent partitions 71., at suitable distances apart, and extending down to about the water-line of the does not circulate, but in which the hot are held in a comparatively stagnant condition for superheating the steam in the upper part of the boiler. An: opening, I, in the outer rear wall admits air, when desired, in the space between the walls. It may be closed by a door when not in use. A deflector, i, secured to the inner wall, opposite the opening I, spreads the air to each side of the airspace. A transverse arch, K, closes the rear smokeflue at the top. A transverse pipe, L, con nects with the air-spaces in the side walls and centrally with the injector-pipe leading to the calorific box or air-feeder M, mounted on the division-wall F-. A steam-pipe, N, is coiled in. the combustion-chamber for superheating the steam, and connects with the injectonpipe L at the junction of the air-pipes therewith. By the jet of steam thus introduced into the injector air is drawn through the space between the smoke-flue and its jacket and through the space in the side walls, being heated on its way by the escaping hot products of combustion and by the heat that would usually be lost by radiation from the side walls, and is forced into the calorific box M, and thence through the slots or openings at into the firebox on each side of the division-wall for supporting combustion of the smoke and gases from the fuel. The steam being superheated in the coil is decomposed'in the fire-box, resulting in carbonic oxide and hydrogen, which are burned by the oxygen of the hot air admitted, and yield an intense heat. The hot steam and air are fur ther heated in the calorific box, are forced therefrom in horizontal jets into the rising gases, so as to be uniformly mingled therewith, and thus produce most perfect combus tion and prevent all escape of unconsumed carbonand combustible gas. The jacket of the smoke-flue may be provided with openings at the ends or at other convenient points for the admission of air.

Having described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. I11 afurnace, the combination of the smokeflue and its jacket with the air-chamber in the walls of the furnace and the connecting-pipes, for the purpose described.

2. In combination with the jacketed smokefiue, the double walls of the furnace, provided with an air space or chamber, the pipe connections between the jacket and air-chamber, and connecting-pipes between the lower partof the air-chamber and fire-box.

3. The double wall of the furnace, provided with an air space or chamber, and constructed with headers or brick secured in one wall and abutting loosely against the opposite wall, whereby slipjoints are formed, and cracking and breaking of the brick-work by unequal expansion and contraction of the two walls are prevented, in combination with a suitable airinlet from the jacket of the smoke-stack, and a pipe or flue connecting the air-chamber with the fire-box of the furnace.

4. The combination of the inj eetor L and the calorific box M, provided with the lateral slits or openings, mounted 011 the division-wall, all being relatively arranged as described.

5. In combination with the air-heating chainbers, the steam-jet injector-pipes connecting the air-chamber with the injector and the perforated calorific box, as described.

6. In a horizontal steam-boiler furnace, the converging side walls, as described, and an independent a'ir chamber, in combination with a steam-boiler and suitable supports therefor.

7. In a steam-boilerfurnace having suitable side walls, the arched covering, in combination with the pendent partitions extending at in tervals between the arch and the boiler, for the purpose described.

8. The side walls converging from near the front bridge-wall toward their rear end, in combination with the arched covering rising slightly above the boiler and the pendent par titions, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS RE EI) BUTMAN.

Vitnesses:

XV. G. SCHNEIDER, G. V. HOGLON.

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