US2795895A - Captive toy airplane - Google Patents

Captive toy airplane Download PDF

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Publication number
US2795895A
US2795895A US477755A US47775554A US2795895A US 2795895 A US2795895 A US 2795895A US 477755 A US477755 A US 477755A US 47775554 A US47775554 A US 47775554A US 2795895 A US2795895 A US 2795895A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
shaft
toy airplane
airplane
toy
flexible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US477755A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bortfeldt Jurgen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arnold & Co K
K Arnold & Co
Original Assignee
Arnold & Co K
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arnold & Co K filed Critical Arnold & Co K
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2795895A publication Critical patent/US2795895A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H27/00—Toy aircraft; Other flying toys
    • A63H27/04—Captive toy aircraft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to toys and, more parparticularly, to captive toys.
  • Known toys of this type are driven through the intervention of a flexible shaft which is introduced into the toy from a side thereof for instance from the end of a wing if the toy is a toy airplane.
  • a steel wire having a diameter of from 0.3 to 0.8 millimeter, preferably 0.5 millimeter is employed as a flexible shaft which connects the driving member with a drive shaft arranged on or in the toy airplane.
  • Such straight wire having a length of several yards and preferably made of spring steel has the drawback that it cannot be rolled together to a smaller diameter without permanent change in the shape thereof.
  • the smallest twisting or buckling results in strong oscillations during the operation or rotation of the wire with the result that the flying ability of the toy airplane is greatly impeded.
  • Still another object of this invention consists in the provision of a captive toy with a flexible drive shaft which will yield a maximum of safety of operation and life.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of a toy airplane according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the connecting point at one end of a wing between the flexible driving shaft and a shaft located in the wing and employed for conveying driving power to the propeller shaft, the arrangement being such that the toy will move in clockwise direction about the playing person.
  • Fig. 3 is a view similar to that of Fig. 2 but showing the corresponding design of the wing end in connection with the flexible drive shaft for a toy which is intended to move in anti-clockwise direction about the person playing with the toy.
  • Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the toy airplane shown in Fig. 1.
  • the transmission means for transmitting the driving force of a driving device to the toy airplane is formed by a wire coil wound in the manner of a helical spring.
  • a particularly favor,- able material for a wire coil according to the invention consists of highly resistant steel wire as it is used for instance for the manufacture of helical springs. Such steel wire coil is not only not sensitive against twisting but is not ruined even if it is occasionally stepped upon. The manufacture of such wire coil can be effected similar to that of helical springs.
  • the helical coil is first wound so that the windings are very close to each other whereupon later by the playing person the coil is pulled out to the desired length.
  • the very small spacing between the windings is preferably maintained at the ends of the coil in order to yield a favorable fastening possibility with the shafts of the driving device and the toy airplane respectively.
  • the direction of winding and the torsional stress of the flexible drive shaft according to the invention should furthermore be at a certain ratio with regard to each other in order to obtain a maximum in safety of operation and a maximum of life.
  • T 0 this end the direction of winding and the torsional stress are preferably so selected with regard to each other that the wire coil is subjected to turning together stress i. e. to' a stress tending to decrease the diameter of the coil and its length.
  • a further advantage of a wire coil wound and subjected to stress in the manner mentioned above consists in that the wire coil will tighten itself at both ends which are to be connected with the respective shafts so that the flexible shaft will not accidentally detach itself from the respective shafts even if it is subjected to a greater pull.
  • the toy airplane illustrated therein may be driven either from one or from the other side of the airplane so that assuming a stationarily mounted driving device, the toy airplane will move either in clockwise direction or in counter-clockwise direction around the driving device or the person playing with the airplane.
  • Fig. 2 shows the connection of the driving shaft with the airplane for clockwise movement of the airplane.
  • one end of the flexible drive shaft 4 is connected with the adjacent end of a shaft 3 carried by and protruding beyond the adjacent wing 1.
  • the shaft 3 is connected with the propeller shaft proper in any convenient manner, for instance as shown in the manner illustrated in Fig. 4.
  • the flexible drive shaft 4 is designed in the manner of a righthand screw. As will be seen from Fig.
  • the flexible drive shaft will during operation thereof and during rotation of the propeller 30 continuously exert a torque upon the toy airplane which tends to turn the toy about its transverse axis.
  • this torque can bring about an increase or a decrease of the angle of attack.
  • this torque is taken advantage of to bring about an effect similar to that of an elevator, in order to adjust the respective flying position with regard to the transverse axis of the airplane and thereby to obtain different flight levels.
  • the flying torque is reversed with regard to that of Fig. 2, in other words, the airplane will fly in counter-clockwise direction around the driving device as indicated by the arrow 8.
  • the wire coil is wound in the manner of a left-hand screw and also in this instance the narrowly wound end 11 of the flexible shaft 10 will tighten itself upon the adjacent end of the shaft 12.
  • the arrow 9 indicates the torque exerted by the flexible shaft 10 upon the toy airplane.
  • connection may be provided which would allow one to drive the airplane from either side thereof.
  • the maneuverability of the toy airplane can furthermore beincreased by making the toy airplane slightly top-heavy. 'In other words, the center of gravity of the airplane may be located somewhat ahead of the more or less stable center of lift.
  • the airplane can be caused at a favorable angle of attack and a medium drive to carry out a stablehorizontal flight and, 'when decreasing or stopping the drive, the airplane will be caused to carry out a more or less strong gliding flight, whereas at a particular increase in the drive, the airplane will climb as mentioned above.
  • the driving effect is clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4 by the various arrows.
  • the arrow 13 in Fig. 1 indicates the torque exerted by the flexible driving shaft upon the toy airplane.
  • the arrow 14 represents the resulting lift for a medium airplane position.
  • the arrow 15 illustrates the weight of the toy airplane attacking at the center of gravity 17 of the toy airplane.
  • the reference numeral 16 represents the center of lift. Due to the distance between the points 16 and 17, 'bothforces 14 and 15 exert a torque upon the toy airplane as a-result of which the toy airplane becomes more 'or less top-heavy. This torque is more or less balanced by the torque exerted by the flexible drive shaft upon the toy airplane as indicated by the arrow so that the toy airplane is controllable with regard to its altitude level.
  • the flexible shaft was to be arranged-in the axis about which the toy airplane turns at different angles .of attack. It has now been found according to the present invention that a particularly high stability of the airplane about the vertical axis can be obtained when the intermediate shaft which leads from the connecting point with the flexible shaft to the propeller shaft proper, and is coupled thereto preferably by a step-down transmission, is so arranged that .it forms an acute angle with the vertical plane of symmetry-to the wings.
  • the pointof intersectionof the axis of theintermediate shaft with the longitudinal vertical plane of the toy airplane should lie in or ahead of the centerof gravityof the toyairplane.
  • the transverse axis about which the toy airplane will turn at different angles of attack is designated with the-reference numeral 18.
  • the center of lift 16 is located in the point of intersection of the transverse axis 18andthe longitudinal axis 19.
  • The-center of gravity-of the toy airplane isdesignated with the reference numeral 17 which center-of gravity is located a certain distance ahead of the centerof lift 16.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates that the intermediate shaft 22 which establishes the driving connection from the flexible shaft 20 to the propeller shaft 21 is so arranged that the connecting point of the flexible shaft 20 with the intermediate shaft.22 is located in the direct vicinity of the transverse axis 18. As would also be visible from Fig.
  • the intermediate shaft'22 formsan acute angle 23 with the transverse axis 18 so that the point of intersection 24 of the axis of shaft 22 with the longitudinal axis 19 is locatecl'in the center of. gravity 17 or 's'till'better, as shown in the drawing is located ahead of the center of gravity 1?.
  • the toy airplane will assume such a position with regard to the vertical axis that this axis is located in or at the intermediate shaft in the extension of the flexible drive shaft so that the longitudinal axis of the airplane is turned outwardly by a small angle as a result of which a portion of the driving force exerted by the propeller will act as a pulling force upon the flexible drive shaft. Due to this location of the intermediate shaft extending from the wing tip to a point near the center of the toy airplane, likewise an outwardly directed aerodynamic force is exerted. Consequently the toy airplane can get along also with a propeller shaft which is symmetrically arranged in the central vertical plane of the airplane while the side rudder has a relatively small angle of deviation.
  • the propeller 26 has not only a component force in flight direction but also a component force in radial direction toward the outside with regard to the drive shafts 21 and 22.
  • This outwardly directed aerodynamic force exerts a torque upon the toy airplane in approximately the plane of the propeller.
  • This torque is entirely or partly compensated by the torque which is produced by the fact that the centrifugal force attacks at the center of gravity 17. Due to the position of the drive shaft 22 as suggested according to the present invention, the flexible drive shaft will not only be held in stretched-out position but also a stable position of the toy airplane about its vertical axis will be obtained.
  • the flexible drive shaft is in stretched-out position; according to a further development of this invention the tail skid or front wheel is to be connected to the toy airplane so that it has an outwardly turned position.
  • the tail wheel 26 which is rotatably supported by the member 27 is turned outwardly to such an extent that while the airplane is rolling over the ground during the landing operation it will bring the airplane into a position in which the flexible drive shaft will be held in stretchedout position.
  • a propeller shaft carried by said toy airplane and extending in longitudinal direction thereof, a transmission shaft carried by one of said wings and having its inner end arranged for driving connection with said propeller shaft, and a flexible shaft in the form of a wire coil having one end thereof arranged for driving connection with the outer end of said transmission shaft and having its other end arranged for driving connection with a drive motor remote from said toy air plane, the center of gravity of said toy airplane during its normal flight position being located ahead of the center of lift of said top airplane to thereby make said toy airplane slightly top heavy, and the rotational driving direction of said wire coil flexible shaft being such as to increase the angle of attack of said toy airplane in conformity with the torque conveyed through said flexible shaft upon said toy airplane.
  • a propeller shaft carried by said toy airplane and extending in longitudinal direction thereof, a transmission shaft carried by said right wing and having its inner end arranged for driving connection with said propeller shaft, and a flexible shaft in the form of a wire coil having one end thereof arranged for driving connection with the outer end of said transmission shaft and having its other end arranged for driving connection with a drive motor remote from said toy airplane, the center of gravity of said toy airplane during its normal flight position being located ahead of the center of lift of said toy airplane to thereby make said toy airplane slightly top heavy, said wire coil being wound in the sense of direction of a right hand screw.
  • a propeller shaft carried by said toy airplane and extending in longitudinal direction thereof, a transmission shaft carried by said left wing and having its inner end arranged for driving connection with said propeller shaft, and a flexible shaft in the form of a Wire coil having one end thereof arranged for driving connection with the outer end of said transmission shaft and having its other end arranged for driving connection with a drive motor remote from said toy airplane, the center of gravity of said toy airplane during its normal flight position being located ahead of the center of lift of said toy airplane to thereby make said toy airplane slightly top heavy, said wire coil being wound in the sense of direction of a left hand screw.
  • a propeller shaft carried by said toy airplane and extending in longitudinal direction thereof, a transmission shaft carried by one of said wings and having its inner end arranged for driving connection with said propeller shaft, a flexible shaft in the form of a wire coil having one end thereof arranged for driving connection with the outer end of said transmission shaft and having its other end arranged for driving connection with a drive motor remote from said toy airplane, the center of gravity of said toy airplane during its normal flight position being located ahead of the center of lift of said toy airplane to thereby make said toy airplane slightly top heavy, the rotational driving direction of said wire coil flexible shaft being such as to increase the angle of attack of said toy airplane in conformity with the torque conveyed through said flexible shaft upon said toy airplane, and supporting means connected to said fuselage and arranged to hold said landing wheel in an outwardly turned position so that the plane of said wheel forms an obtuse angle with the vertical
  • a propeller shaft carried by said toy airplane and extending in longitudinal direction thereof, a transmission shaft carried by one of said wings and having its inner end arranged for driving connection with said propeller shaft, and a flexible shaft in the form of a high grade steel wire coil adapted to be pulled out into various lengths and having one end thereof arranged for driving connection with the outer end of said transmission shaft and having its other end arranged for driving connection with a drive motor remote from said "7 toy air-plane, the center of gravity of said toy airplane during its normal flight position being located ahead .of the center of lift of said toy airplane :to thereby make said to-y airplane slightly top-heavy, and the rotational driving direction of said Wire coil flexible shaft being such as to increase the angle of attack of said toy airplane in conformity with the torque conveyed through said fiexible shaft upon said toy airplane.
  • a propeller shaft carried by said toy airplane and extending in longitudinal direction thereof, a transmission shaft carried by one of said wings and having its inner end arranged for driving connection with said propeller shaft, and a flexible shaft in the form of a vwire coil adapted to be pulled out into various lengths and having one end thereof arranged for driving connection with the outer end of said transmission shaft and having its other end arranged for driving connection with a drive motor remote from said .toy airplane, the direction of Winding of said Wire coil being :opposite to the driving direction of said motor to thereby cause the windings .of said flexible shaft to vary their diameter in response to a variation of the torque exerted by said drive motor .upon said flexible shaft, the center of gravity of said toyairplanelduring its normal flight position being located ahead of the center of lift of said toy airplane to thereby make .said toy airplane slightly top-heavy, and the rotational driving direction of said Wire

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  • Toys (AREA)
US477755A 1952-12-23 1954-12-27 Captive toy airplane Expired - Lifetime US2795895A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE324707X 1952-12-23
DEB29071A DE937818C (de) 1952-12-23 1954-01-01 Gefesseltes Spielflugzeug

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2795895A true US2795895A (en) 1957-06-18

Family

ID=25806680

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US477755A Expired - Lifetime US2795895A (en) 1952-12-23 1954-12-27 Captive toy airplane
US478088A Expired - Lifetime US2756537A (en) 1952-12-23 1954-12-28 Drive-equipped toy aeroplane
US598777A Expired - Lifetime US2837864A (en) 1952-12-23 1956-07-19 Toy aeroplane

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US478088A Expired - Lifetime US2756537A (en) 1952-12-23 1954-12-28 Drive-equipped toy aeroplane
US598777A Expired - Lifetime US2837864A (en) 1952-12-23 1956-07-19 Toy aeroplane

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (3) US2795895A (de)
CH (1) CH324707A (de)
DE (1) DE937818C (de)
FR (3) FR1094088A (de)
GB (3) GB749661A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018585A (en) * 1958-02-28 1962-01-30 Stanzel Victor Remotely powered propulsion and control mechanism for model aircraft

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH324707A (de) * 1952-12-23 1957-10-15 Arnold & Co K Gefesseltes Spielflugzeug
BE540469A (de) * 1954-12-31
US3043052A (en) * 1960-03-14 1962-07-10 Stanzel Victor Remote control propulsion and steering mechanism for model watercraft
US3548535A (en) * 1968-01-24 1970-12-22 Leland D Bryan Toy aircraft device
US3608684A (en) * 1969-10-29 1971-09-28 Outboard Marine Corp Clutch for marine propulsion device
US3743279A (en) * 1971-12-16 1973-07-03 Mattel Inc Control means for stunt vehicles
US4011684A (en) * 1975-06-02 1977-03-15 Victor Stanzel Control mechanism for model aircraft
GB2081594B (en) * 1980-08-15 1984-02-08 Dulake Robert Frank Tethered flying models
US4688787A (en) * 1985-09-25 1987-08-25 Vidal Daniel I G Captive flight device
US8430709B1 (en) * 2012-07-30 2013-04-30 Silverlit Limited Detachable propeller for flying toys

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1852340A (en) * 1926-07-02 1932-04-05 John Holtzman Toy aeroplane
US2161971A (en) * 1937-12-06 1939-06-13 Muller Heinrich Toy vehicle
US2303965A (en) * 1940-12-26 1942-12-01 Nevilles E Walker String propelled toy airplane
GB662274A (en) * 1949-06-09 1951-12-05 Max Ernst Propulsion and steering mechanism for wheeled toys
US2611213A (en) * 1949-11-12 1952-09-23 Henry Engineering Company U control toy airplane

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1807791A (en) * 1931-06-02 Louis makx
US2254767A (en) * 1941-02-17 1941-09-02 John E Bardwell Model airplane
CH324707A (de) * 1952-12-23 1957-10-15 Arnold & Co K Gefesseltes Spielflugzeug

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1852340A (en) * 1926-07-02 1932-04-05 John Holtzman Toy aeroplane
US2161971A (en) * 1937-12-06 1939-06-13 Muller Heinrich Toy vehicle
US2303965A (en) * 1940-12-26 1942-12-01 Nevilles E Walker String propelled toy airplane
GB662274A (en) * 1949-06-09 1951-12-05 Max Ernst Propulsion and steering mechanism for wheeled toys
US2611213A (en) * 1949-11-12 1952-09-23 Henry Engineering Company U control toy airplane

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3018585A (en) * 1958-02-28 1962-01-30 Stanzel Victor Remotely powered propulsion and control mechanism for model aircraft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2756537A (en) 1956-07-31
CH324707A (de) 1957-10-15
GB756837A (en) 1956-09-12
FR68856E (fr) 1958-06-11
FR1094088A (fr) 1955-05-11
FR67240E (fr) 1957-11-25
US2837864A (en) 1958-06-10
GB749661A (en) 1956-05-30
GB759748A (en) 1956-10-24
DE937818C (de) 1956-01-12

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