US2808768A - Photocomposing machine - Google Patents

Photocomposing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US2808768A
US2808768A US369807A US36980753A US2808768A US 2808768 A US2808768 A US 2808768A US 369807 A US369807 A US 369807A US 36980753 A US36980753 A US 36980753A US 2808768 A US2808768 A US 2808768A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
character
array
characters
image
screen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US369807A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gino F Squassoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mergenthaler Linotype GmbH
Mergenthaler Linotype Co
Original Assignee
Mergenthaler Linotype GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7705734,A priority Critical patent/NL189159B/xx
Application filed by Mergenthaler Linotype GmbH filed Critical Mergenthaler Linotype GmbH
Priority to US369807A priority patent/US2808768A/en
Priority to GB19415/54A priority patent/GB751063A/en
Priority to FR1103998D priority patent/FR1103998A/fr
Priority to DEM23792A priority patent/DE937140C/de
Priority to CH325123D priority patent/CH325123A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2808768A publication Critical patent/US2808768A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/50—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41B—MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRIC COMPOSING DEVICES
    • B41B19/00—Photoelectronic composing machines
    • B41B19/01—Photoelectronic composing machines having electron-beam tubes producing an image of at least one character which is photographed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41B—MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRIC COMPOSING DEVICES
    • B41B19/00—Photoelectronic composing machines
    • B41B19/01—Photoelectronic composing machines having electron-beam tubes producing an image of at least one character which is photographed
    • B41B19/02—Photoelectronic composing machines having electron-beam tubes producing an image of at least one character which is photographed the characters appearing on the screen in succession
    • B41B19/04—Photoelectronic composing machines having electron-beam tubes producing an image of at least one character which is photographed the characters appearing on the screen in succession at the same place

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photocomposing machines and more particularly to machines in which selected typographical characters are recorded on lm in the order in which they are to appear in print.
  • a plurality of typographical characters are arranged in an array and selected characters of the array are projected, one atv a time, at a predetermined master position so that they can be photographed on iilm in proper alignment relative to the other characters in the sequence. As eachV character is photographed, the film is advanced to position for the next character to be photographed.
  • character presentation is achieved by a modified form of an electronic tube, or image converter, of the kind generally associated with infra-red telescopes.
  • These tubes have photo-emissive input screens and fluorescent output screens and possess characteristics such that images formed on the input screen by light rays are converted into electron images which are focused on the output screen and there reconverted into ordinary light images.
  • a whole array of typographical characters is projected by light rays onto the input screen, and then, by dei'lecting the electron image of the character array, a selected character of the array is presented at a master position on the output screen.
  • Means are provided for projecting the image of the character appearing at the master position onto the photographic film. By suitably deflecting the electron image of the character array, any of the characters can be presented at the master position of the output screen for composition on film.
  • the drawing is a perspective view, partly diagrammatic, of the present apparatus.
  • a character font plate 1 pre- ICC senting a square array of typographical characters, that is, characters arranged in horizontal rows and vertical columns, is projected on a glass input screen 2a of a cylindrical image converter tube 2 of the type described above.
  • the character array may comprise a plurality of opaque characters on a translucent background, or preferably, and as shown, a plurality of translucent characters on an opaque background.
  • light rays from a light source 3 are directed toward the font plate 1 by a condenser lens system 4, this system making for 'augmented and relatively even distribution of light over the entire area of the font plate.
  • the light rays are then directed against the screen 2a toform thereon an image of the whole character font, which image can be produced optically by a lens 5, as shown, or alternatively by positioning the font plate 1 in contact with the outside face of the screen 2a, in which case the lens 5 would not be required.
  • the interior surface of the screen 2n has a photo-emissive coating, so that the areas of the screen 2a upon which the light rays strike emit electrons, thereby producing an electron image of the entire character font.
  • the electron image is inverted and directed toward and focused upon an output screen 2b at the opposite end of the tube by an electron focusing system, designated generally by the reference numeral 6.
  • the electron focusing system consists of suitable electrodes and apertures which follow design principles well understood in the field of image tube electron microscope design.
  • the output screen 2b is opaque, except for a small fluorescent material coated area 2c, preferably located centrally on the screen and on the principal axis P of the path of projection, so that, if the central character of the array 1 ⁇ is on the axis P, it will be the character normally produced on the fluorescent area or aperture 2c. It is evident, however, that by deliecting the electron image Various amounts in horizontal and vertical directions, any selected one of the other characters of the square array can be produced on the area 2c, the said area serving as a common character-presentation point for all of the characters. The selected character thus produced is focused on a light sensitive photographic iilm 7 by a lens 8.
  • characters may be photographed on the lm in the order in which they are produced on the fluorescent screen 2C, the tilm being moved progressively between each exposure a distance determined by the set width of the characters, and the film thereafter used in a well known manner to produce a printing plate for printing the composed typographical matter.
  • the shifting of the electron image by different set distances in horizontal and vertical directions, to make possible the selection of any desired character, is accomplished by horizontal and vertical electrostatic deflecting plates H and V, respectively.
  • the dellections may also be produced by magnetic coils placed near the tube. Since the electron paths are deflected from what would otherwise be their path of travel by angles proportional to the applied electrostatic potential, it is eviden-t that by impressing appropriate voltages on the deflection plates any selected character of the font can be produced on the fluorescent screen 2C.
  • the deflecting voltages impressed upon the horizontal and vertical deecting plates may be controlled from a keyboard in the manner fully shown and described in U. S. Patent No. 2,624,798 of E. W. Dinga.
  • the electrodes of the focusing system 6 are normally adapted to be connected to the ground side of a voltage source B, as is the input screen 2a, so that normally the tube 2 will not conduct. This condition is illustrated in the drawings by showing the electrodes connected to contact arms 10, these arms being in the position indicated by the broken lines. When the keyboard is operated, however, the contact arms 10 are adapted to be shifted,
  • the contact arm-s are again shifted to the ground side of the voltage source B to cut oi the ow of electrons to the output screen.

Landscapes

  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Projection-Type Copiers In General (AREA)
  • Light Sources And Details Of Projection-Printing Devices (AREA)
US369807A 1953-07-23 1953-07-23 Photocomposing machine Expired - Lifetime US2808768A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NLAANVRAGE7705734,A NL189159B (nl) 1953-07-23 Spraakherkenningsstelsel.
US369807A US2808768A (en) 1953-07-23 1953-07-23 Photocomposing machine
GB19415/54A GB751063A (en) 1953-07-23 1954-07-02 An improved method and apparatus for photocomposition
FR1103998D FR1103998A (fr) 1953-07-23 1954-07-12 Procédé et machine de photocomposition
DEM23792A DE937140C (de) 1953-07-23 1954-07-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Schriftzeichenbildern fuer photographische Zeilensetzmaschinen
CH325123D CH325123A (fr) 1953-07-23 1954-07-20 Procédé de photocomposition et machine pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US369807A US2808768A (en) 1953-07-23 1953-07-23 Photocomposing machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2808768A true US2808768A (en) 1957-10-08

Family

ID=23457010

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US369807A Expired - Lifetime US2808768A (en) 1953-07-23 1953-07-23 Photocomposing machine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2808768A (fr)
CH (1) CH325123A (fr)
DE (1) DE937140C (fr)
FR (1) FR1103998A (fr)
GB (1) GB751063A (fr)
NL (1) NL189159B (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2859377A (en) * 1955-09-21 1958-11-04 John E Clemens Electronic high speed shutter
US2927215A (en) * 1957-05-07 1960-03-01 Lloyd W Allen High-speed photographic apparatus
US3041947A (en) * 1959-11-16 1962-07-03 Ibm Cathode ray tube printer
US3054335A (en) * 1958-06-12 1962-09-18 Rene A Higonnet Type composing apparatus
US3059528A (en) * 1957-07-02 1962-10-23 Allan Ted Panoramic motion picture camera
US3077150A (en) * 1960-07-25 1963-02-12 Ibm Apparatus for reproducing images
US3184753A (en) * 1962-11-05 1965-05-18 Bunker Ramo Apparatus for exposing photosensitive material
US3194511A (en) * 1961-10-06 1965-07-13 Goodyear Aerospace Corp Vehicle guidance system and electron image matcher
US3240114A (en) * 1961-11-17 1966-03-15 Jonker Business Machines Inc Information storage and retrieval copy apparatus
US3273475A (en) * 1963-11-06 1966-09-20 Louis M Moyroud Photographic type composition device
US3311918A (en) * 1962-11-05 1967-03-28 Bunker Ramo Method for exposing photosensitive material
US3343451A (en) * 1965-08-04 1967-09-26 Sanders Associates Inc Self-decoding inline readout

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2984180B1 (fr) 2011-12-20 2025-10-17 Ifp Energies Now Procede de fabrication de particules spheroidales d'alumine

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2131185A (en) * 1935-03-01 1938-09-27 Telefunken Gmbh Electrooptical device
US2138853A (en) * 1937-08-10 1938-12-06 Gitzendanner Louis Thermostatic mixing valve
US2283383A (en) * 1940-06-18 1942-05-19 Joseph T Mcnaney Signaling system
US2420197A (en) * 1944-06-16 1947-05-06 Adolph H Rosenthal System for supervising the taking of moving pictures
FR988724A (fr) * 1949-06-17 1951-08-30 Bouchon extensible
US2603418A (en) * 1946-12-07 1952-07-15 Farnsworth Res Corp Electronic indicator tube
US2624798A (en) * 1948-03-23 1953-01-06 Mergenthaler Linotype Gmbh Photocomposing machine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2131185A (en) * 1935-03-01 1938-09-27 Telefunken Gmbh Electrooptical device
US2138853A (en) * 1937-08-10 1938-12-06 Gitzendanner Louis Thermostatic mixing valve
US2283383A (en) * 1940-06-18 1942-05-19 Joseph T Mcnaney Signaling system
US2420197A (en) * 1944-06-16 1947-05-06 Adolph H Rosenthal System for supervising the taking of moving pictures
US2603418A (en) * 1946-12-07 1952-07-15 Farnsworth Res Corp Electronic indicator tube
US2624798A (en) * 1948-03-23 1953-01-06 Mergenthaler Linotype Gmbh Photocomposing machine
FR988724A (fr) * 1949-06-17 1951-08-30 Bouchon extensible

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2859377A (en) * 1955-09-21 1958-11-04 John E Clemens Electronic high speed shutter
US2927215A (en) * 1957-05-07 1960-03-01 Lloyd W Allen High-speed photographic apparatus
US3059528A (en) * 1957-07-02 1962-10-23 Allan Ted Panoramic motion picture camera
US3054335A (en) * 1958-06-12 1962-09-18 Rene A Higonnet Type composing apparatus
US3041947A (en) * 1959-11-16 1962-07-03 Ibm Cathode ray tube printer
US3077150A (en) * 1960-07-25 1963-02-12 Ibm Apparatus for reproducing images
US3194511A (en) * 1961-10-06 1965-07-13 Goodyear Aerospace Corp Vehicle guidance system and electron image matcher
US3240114A (en) * 1961-11-17 1966-03-15 Jonker Business Machines Inc Information storage and retrieval copy apparatus
US3184753A (en) * 1962-11-05 1965-05-18 Bunker Ramo Apparatus for exposing photosensitive material
US3311918A (en) * 1962-11-05 1967-03-28 Bunker Ramo Method for exposing photosensitive material
US3273475A (en) * 1963-11-06 1966-09-20 Louis M Moyroud Photographic type composition device
US3343451A (en) * 1965-08-04 1967-09-26 Sanders Associates Inc Self-decoding inline readout

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB751063A (en) 1956-06-27
NL189159B (nl)
FR1103998A (fr) 1955-11-15
DE937140C (de) 1955-12-29
CH325123A (fr) 1957-10-31

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