US282020A - Condenser - Google Patents

Description

' (No Model.)

F. A. WILMANS GONDENSBR.' No. 282,020.- Patented July 24, 1883.

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NITED STATES PATEN'i OFFICE.

FREDERICK A. wILisrA-Ns, oF DALLAs, rEXAs.

CONDENSER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters :Patent N0. 2.8.2,020, dated July 24, 1883 Application filed June 4, 1883.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, F. A. WILMANs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas. and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gondensers; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part f this specification.

Figure l of the drawings is a representation of this invention, and is a top view, with a part in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical section.

This invention has relation to condensers, and it consists in the construction and novel arrangement of a series of condensing-compartments, forming a continuous convoluted condensing-vessel having vertical walls, tobe employed in the process of extracting alcohol, essential oils,ethers, Src., from their motherliquor. A i

rlhe invention also consists in applying air or water, or both, tothe exterior surfaces lof the vertical walls of said compartments at different temperatures, decreasing toward the end of the series, 'whereby the vapor of water is first condensed, then mixtures of gradually` increasing strength, and iinally almost pure alcohol, essence, or ether, as the case maybe, all as hereinafter set forth, and pointed out in the appended claim.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A designates atank, kettle, or reservoir in which the mother-liquid is placed to be heated.

B represents the condenser, which is made in horizontally-convoluted form, of broad vertical plates of sheet metal, a a, which are separated by an interval of about half an inch, and are connected at the top b, at the bottom c, and at each end of the vessel, as at d, thus forming a continuous convoluted chamber, e, having vertical walls horizontally recurved or bent at their ends in such manner that a condensing-vessel of many feet in horizontal length is contracted within a very much smaller space. The condensing chamber e, although continuous, is arranged in compartments g h 7c at gradually-increasing distance from the inlet-opening Z, which is arranged at (No model.)

one end of the condenser. A partial separation is made by means of dams m, of little height, rising from the bottom, c, of the condenser, and designed to prevent the liquid which has been condensed in one compartment from'flowing into the compartments adj acent thereto.

Near cach dam, at the lower portion of each compartment, is a discharge opening or faucet, j', through which the liquid condensed in the compartment and gathered by the dam is drawn off. The faucet j" is designed for the purpose of drawing off the contents of theA cooling-chambers I).

Between the convolutions of the condensing-chamber are the cooling-chambers l?, which may be made with or without bottoms o. It is preferred, in order to afford means for effecting condensation of different vapors in different parts of the condenser, to provide the end cooling chambers with bottoms and closing end walls, z, so that they will contain water, which may be kept ruiming constantly into and out of the chamber or vessel P. In this manner the temperature of the water in any cooling-vessel may be maintained, so that its effect upon the vapors in the condenser will be even and uniform for the special compartment of the condenser which it is designed to act upon. The temperature of the water in the coolers should be regulated by means of thermometers, to subserve the purposes of the apparatus.

In distilling alcohol the mixed steam and vapors from the mother-liquor in the boiler is conveyed by the pipe s and inlet Z into the condenser at one end, so that'it enters the first compartment, g, thereof. rlhe temperature of the water in the cooler connected with this compartment, if water is used, is kept comparatively high, in order that the vapor of water may be condensed without affecting the alcoholic vapor,which will only condense at a lower temperature. The latter vapor, therefore, passes from this compartment with some admixture of the vapor of water to the next, where a stronger mixture is condensed. In the last compartment the alcoholic vapor will be found nearly pure, and is condensed by the cold water in the cooler arranged in connection with this compartment. The various mixtures of different degrees of strength may IOO be drawn off in the manner hereinbefore referred to, and maybe, when desirable, passed again into the boiler, to be vaporized.

I ani aware that it is not new to provide a still in connection with a condenser having,` two series of conducts, one series of which is made to connect with the still and the other to connect with a receiver, and also that a condenser of .helix forni having one space in the convolution for the refrigeratingliquid and another for the vapor or fluid to be condensed, with induction and eduction passages to admit and discharge the respective liquids, is not new, and therefore do not claim either construction, broadly.

Having described this invention, what I

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