US2860311A - Wave guides - Google Patents

Wave guides Download PDF

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Publication number
US2860311A
US2860311A US578230A US57823056A US2860311A US 2860311 A US2860311 A US 2860311A US 578230 A US578230 A US 578230A US 57823056 A US57823056 A US 57823056A US 2860311 A US2860311 A US 2860311A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wave guide
pipe
wave
pressurized
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US578230A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward S Balian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US578230A priority Critical patent/US2860311A/en
Priority to FR1180657D priority patent/FR1180657A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2860311A publication Critical patent/US2860311A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/12—Hollow waveguides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to wave guides and more particularly to a simplified construction of pressurized wave guide.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a pressurized wave guide of minimum weight, size, and complexity.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide a pressurized wave guide for carrying high power R. F. energy without distortion of the side walls due to pressurization.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide a wave guide having increased strength, either as a beam or a column.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide an improved wave guide.
  • a wave guide surrounded by a cylinder.
  • the space between the cylinder and the wave guide is pressurized to the same pressure as- In this manner, the. external and internal pressures on the wave guide walls that existing within the wave guide.
  • air passages are provided between the interior of the wave guide and the space between the wave guide and'the cylinder.
  • the cylinder withstands the force of the pressurized dielectric and no force is applied to the wave guide walls.
  • Figure 1 is a partly cross-sectioned, diagrammatic view of a typical installation in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a rectangular wave guide in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of one junction of two wave guides employable in the installation of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a modification of the junction shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of a gasket adaptable for use with the junction shown in Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-section of a modification of the wave guide of Figure 2;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-section of a modification of the wave guide shown in Figure 2.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross section of the wave guide of Fig. 7 taken at line 8-8;
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a cross section of a unitary structure for a wave guide of the type disclosed.
  • FIG 1 there is shown a typical installation of the present invention with a transmitter 1 which is adapted to generate electromagnetic waves of the high power necessary for modern radar.
  • the generated waves are applied to antenna 2 through wave guide 3, duplexer 4, wave guides 6, rotary connection 7, and wave guide 8.
  • the antenna is adapted to launch the waves into space for object detection and also to receive waves, such as reflections of the launched waves by detected objects.
  • the returned waves are transmitted to the receiver 9 over wave guides 8 and 6, rotary connection 7, duplexer 4 and wave guide 10.
  • the duplexer operates in conventional fashion to isolate the receiver from high power waves generated by transmitter 1 while applying the relatively low power waves received by antenna 2 to the receiver 9.
  • the rotary connection provides a continuous electric path for passage of electrical waves while allowing mechanical movement of the antenna such as rotation of nutation.
  • the dimensions of the wave guides employed for wave' transmission depends upon the characteristics of the generated waves.
  • Air passages 15 communicate with the inside of the wave guide to provide a dielectirc of proper pressure without applying force to the wave guide walls.
  • both wave guides 8 and 10 may be similarly included within a pipe section.
  • the usual horn construction may not require pressurization, and, when needed, the horn isoften sufficiently strong to be pressurized without external support.
  • a solid low loss dielectric window such as vycor glass quartz, can be employed atthe junction between pressurized and unpressurized sections.
  • the duplexer is usually constructed as a casting having reasonably thick walls. and generally requiresno additional support for the pressurization of the dielectric within it. Therefore, the duplexer need not. be contained within a pipe-like structure. It should be obvious to those skilled in the art that in some embodiments, the
  • Wave guide 10- rarely requires pressurization because of the relatively low power of the energy carried.
  • Wave guide 8 does duplexer can be contained within a pipe-like structure. The operation of the wave guide as shown in Figure 1 may best be understood by reference to Figure 2.
  • Figure 2 is shown a rectangular wave guide 21 contained within a hollow cylindricalpipe 22. Apertures 23 communicate between the interior of the rectangular wave guide 21 and the interior of the hollow pipe 22 to maintain the same pressure within both cavities. In this manner, the internal pressure created by the pressurized dielectric is supported by the walls of the cylindrical pipe 22.
  • the cylinder configuration can maintain a much higher pressure differential without distortion than can the rectangular wave guide. 1
  • the apertures 23 are placed in such locations as to provide air passages between the interior of the wave guide and the space between the wave guide and pipe walls without altering the electrical characteristics of the wave guide transmission path. It should be obvious to those skilled in the art that the wave guide and the space around the wave guide can be pressurized to the same pressure to support the waveguide when communieating apertures cannot be used.
  • the wave guide sections must be joined to provide continuous electrical contact and pressure-tight sealing. Such a junction is shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 3 is shown two abutting guide lengths 31 and 32.
  • the surrounding pipe sections 33 and 34 carry a flange 35 and 36 respectively at the inter-face.
  • the flange face is machined below the end of the wave guide 31 so that the ends of the Wave guides 31 and 32 'will be put into intimate contact when the sections are joined together.
  • An 0 ring 37 is provided to form a pressure tight seal when the flanges are drawn together by bolt 39 and nut 40.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative junction is shown in Figure 4.
  • the wave guide 31 and flange 35 are machined flush.
  • a gasket 41 is placed between sections. The gasket supplies pressure sealing means as well as supplying electrical contact between the two wave guide sections.
  • Figure 5 shows a plan view of such a gasket.
  • the diameter of the gasket shown matches the diameter of the flange, and holes 51 are provided for passage of the securing bolts through the flanges.
  • the aperture 52 is dimensioned to match the periphery of the wave guide section in order to contact both abutting sections without introducing electrical discontinuities into the wave guide. In some applications, it has been found advisable to provide a knurled section along this periphery to ensure good electric contact.
  • this wave guide is a rectangular wave guide and a separate cylindrical pipe surrounding said wave guide.
  • the wave guide must be solidly atfixed to the pipe to prevent relative lateral motion therebetween at the junction.
  • a method for securing the wave guide to the pipe section is shown in Figure 6 wherein the wave guide 61 is secured to the pipe 62 by means of a boss 63 on the 4 wave guide 61. The boss is threaded and a bolt 64 extending through the pipe wall to the wave guide is tightened in the threaded section.
  • a washer 65 such as a combination Q ring-metal washer, insures a pressuretight seal at the opening through which bolt 64 extends.
  • Another method of securing the wave guide to the pipe would be to drill small holes in the pipe which would be coincident with the wave guide corners. By plug welding the holes, the wave guide would be rigidly attached to the pipe and the pipe would be pressure sealed.
  • FIG. 7 Still another method of securing the wave guide to the pipe is shown in Figures 7 and 8, wherein the wave guide 71 is welded to a flange 72 having an aperture corresponding to the wave guide cross section.
  • the pipe section '73 is welded to the flange to hold the pipe concentric with the wave guide section.
  • the flange faces 74 provide electrical continuity.
  • the O-ring 75 provides a pressure-tight seal when the flanges 72 are secured together by bolts '76.
  • a sleeve 77 is provided on one side of the junction.
  • the sleeve can he slid along the pipe while welding the waveguide to the flange. Then the sleeve can be wound into. place and welded to the flange and pipe section as shown by billets 78. Pressure identity is maintained by aperture 79.
  • pressurized wave guide in accordance with this invention, is adaptable to any size wave guide with only minor modifications apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • Figure 9 is shown a construction found advantageous for use with a small wave guide.
  • FIG. 9 is shown a rectangular wave guide 91. having a pressurized dielectric 92 surrounded by a cylinder 93.
  • the area 94 above the wide wall faces of the wave guide maintained at the same pressure as that of the dielectric in the wave guide by the communicating apertures 95.
  • the narrow wall faces are supported by solid material 96 between the wall and the cylinder 93.
  • a waveguide adapted to contain a pressurized fluid dielectric for carrying electromagnetic energy at high power levels comprising, a rectangular metallic waveguide, a cylindrical metallic pipe, said rectanguar waveguide be-' ing supportably contained within said pipe and having a protruding portion extending beyond a first end of said pipe; a plurality of apertures in said rectangular waveguide; first and second annular flange members attached to the two ends respectively of said rectangular waveguide; a sleeve member slidably mounted on said pipe for displacement during welding of its associated wave guide section to its associated flange and protruding beyond said first end of said pipe so as to surround said protruding portion of said waveguide, said sleeve member being subsequently welded to a first of said annular flange members, the second of said annular flange mem-' bers being welded to the second end of said pipe; each of said annular flange members having a substantially flat exterior surface with an annular recess therein adapted to receive pressure retaining

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US578230A 1956-04-16 1956-04-16 Wave guides Expired - Lifetime US2860311A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US578230A US2860311A (en) 1956-04-16 1956-04-16 Wave guides
FR1180657D FR1180657A (fr) 1956-04-16 1957-04-16 Perfectionnements aux guides d'ondes

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US578230A US2860311A (en) 1956-04-16 1956-04-16 Wave guides

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2860311A true US2860311A (en) 1958-11-11

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US578230A Expired - Lifetime US2860311A (en) 1956-04-16 1956-04-16 Wave guides

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US (1) US2860311A (fr)
FR (1) FR1180657A (fr)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955148A (en) * 1956-07-10 1960-10-04 Pye Ltd Coupling for transmission lines
US3131369A (en) * 1961-06-28 1964-04-28 Rohde & Schwarz Electrical connection for waveguide or coaxial cable
DE1201886B (de) * 1961-04-07 1965-09-30 Parker Hannifin Corp Gasdichte, loesbare Kupplung fuer Hohlleiterabschnitte
US3212035A (en) * 1963-12-20 1965-10-12 Skarpaas Knut Microwave waveguide coupling seal
US3372226A (en) * 1965-12-14 1968-03-05 Dielectric Products Engineerin Coaxal transmission line gas stop
US3375474A (en) * 1965-10-08 1968-03-26 Martin Marietta Corp Microwave waveguide to coax coupling system
US4111466A (en) * 1976-02-02 1978-09-05 Deregibus Alfio D A Collapsible tanker hose coupling
US4130301A (en) * 1975-01-27 1978-12-19 General Electric Company Double-walled well casing structure
US4365404A (en) * 1979-04-20 1982-12-28 The Dow Chemical Company Making jacketed lined pipe
US4382239A (en) * 1981-04-30 1983-05-03 Lovelace Alan M Administrator Waveguide cooling system
FR2576455A1 (fr) * 1985-01-22 1986-07-25 Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech Element de construction de guide d'ondes
FR2595166A1 (fr) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-04 Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech Systeme guide d'ondes refroidi
US4723441A (en) * 1985-11-07 1988-02-09 Ply-Flow Engineering, Inc. Piping system for hazardous fluids
US4776600A (en) * 1987-11-23 1988-10-11 Pikotek, Inc. Dielectric pipe flange gasket
US4786088A (en) * 1987-06-25 1988-11-22 Asahi/America, Inc. Double-containment thermoplastic pipe assembly
US5022685A (en) * 1989-08-21 1991-06-11 Hal Stiskin Secondary containment system and method
US5316320A (en) * 1992-03-18 1994-05-31 Corrosion Control Corp. Isolation gasket for critical service flow line applications
US20080073906A1 (en) * 2006-09-26 2008-03-27 Turner Denis P Dual fluid connector
US20100171301A1 (en) * 2009-01-02 2010-07-08 Unisert Multiwall Systems, Inc. Multiwall pipe lip seal joint
US20100230960A1 (en) * 2008-07-01 2010-09-16 Uchicago Argonne, Llc Genderless flange for high vacuum waveguides
US20110156386A1 (en) * 2008-06-26 2011-06-30 Mack Trucks, Inc. Shimmed joint, gasket for a shimmed joint, and method for sealing a shimmed joint

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3605046A (en) * 1969-03-12 1971-09-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Deflection-free waveguide arrangement
US5890747A (en) * 1996-11-18 1999-04-06 Brockhage Associates, A Trust Double containment butt weld pipe fitting

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2430445A (en) * 1945-06-15 1947-11-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Air pressure seal
US2454761A (en) * 1942-11-20 1948-11-30 Sperry Corp Ultra high frequency device
GB644749A (en) * 1948-09-08 1950-10-18 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic wave guides
US2657364A (en) * 1949-07-22 1953-10-27 Airtron Inc Pressure containing flexible wave guide
US2783295A (en) * 1952-01-18 1957-02-26 Gen Electric Waveguide seal
US2783440A (en) * 1955-01-26 1957-02-26 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Light weight wave guide construction

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2454761A (en) * 1942-11-20 1948-11-30 Sperry Corp Ultra high frequency device
US2430445A (en) * 1945-06-15 1947-11-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Air pressure seal
GB644749A (en) * 1948-09-08 1950-10-18 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic wave guides
US2657364A (en) * 1949-07-22 1953-10-27 Airtron Inc Pressure containing flexible wave guide
US2783295A (en) * 1952-01-18 1957-02-26 Gen Electric Waveguide seal
US2783440A (en) * 1955-01-26 1957-02-26 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Light weight wave guide construction

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955148A (en) * 1956-07-10 1960-10-04 Pye Ltd Coupling for transmission lines
DE1201886B (de) * 1961-04-07 1965-09-30 Parker Hannifin Corp Gasdichte, loesbare Kupplung fuer Hohlleiterabschnitte
US3131369A (en) * 1961-06-28 1964-04-28 Rohde & Schwarz Electrical connection for waveguide or coaxial cable
US3212035A (en) * 1963-12-20 1965-10-12 Skarpaas Knut Microwave waveguide coupling seal
US3375474A (en) * 1965-10-08 1968-03-26 Martin Marietta Corp Microwave waveguide to coax coupling system
US3372226A (en) * 1965-12-14 1968-03-05 Dielectric Products Engineerin Coaxal transmission line gas stop
US4130301A (en) * 1975-01-27 1978-12-19 General Electric Company Double-walled well casing structure
US4111466A (en) * 1976-02-02 1978-09-05 Deregibus Alfio D A Collapsible tanker hose coupling
US4365404A (en) * 1979-04-20 1982-12-28 The Dow Chemical Company Making jacketed lined pipe
US4382239A (en) * 1981-04-30 1983-05-03 Lovelace Alan M Administrator Waveguide cooling system
FR2576455A1 (fr) * 1985-01-22 1986-07-25 Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech Element de construction de guide d'ondes
US4723441A (en) * 1985-11-07 1988-02-09 Ply-Flow Engineering, Inc. Piping system for hazardous fluids
FR2595166A1 (fr) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-04 Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech Systeme guide d'ondes refroidi
US4786088A (en) * 1987-06-25 1988-11-22 Asahi/America, Inc. Double-containment thermoplastic pipe assembly
US4930544A (en) * 1987-06-25 1990-06-05 Asahi/America, Inc. Double-containment thermoplastic pipe assembly
US4776600A (en) * 1987-11-23 1988-10-11 Pikotek, Inc. Dielectric pipe flange gasket
US5022685A (en) * 1989-08-21 1991-06-11 Hal Stiskin Secondary containment system and method
US5316320A (en) * 1992-03-18 1994-05-31 Corrosion Control Corp. Isolation gasket for critical service flow line applications
US20080073906A1 (en) * 2006-09-26 2008-03-27 Turner Denis P Dual fluid connector
US7625014B2 (en) * 2006-09-26 2009-12-01 Alcon, Inc. Dual fluid connector
US20110156386A1 (en) * 2008-06-26 2011-06-30 Mack Trucks, Inc. Shimmed joint, gasket for a shimmed joint, and method for sealing a shimmed joint
US20100230960A1 (en) * 2008-07-01 2010-09-16 Uchicago Argonne, Llc Genderless flange for high vacuum waveguides
US20100171301A1 (en) * 2009-01-02 2010-07-08 Unisert Multiwall Systems, Inc. Multiwall pipe lip seal joint
US7942422B2 (en) * 2009-01-02 2011-05-17 Unisert Multiwall Systems, Inc. Multiwall pipe lip seal joint

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1180657A (fr) 1959-06-08

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