US2877376A - Phosphor screen device - Google Patents

Phosphor screen device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2877376A
US2877376A US532399A US53239955A US2877376A US 2877376 A US2877376 A US 2877376A US 532399 A US532399 A US 532399A US 53239955 A US53239955 A US 53239955A US 2877376 A US2877376 A US 2877376A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
conductors
wall
electron beam
scanning
envelope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US532399A
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English (en)
Inventor
Richard K Orthuber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Micronas GmbH
International Telephone and Telegraph Corp
Original Assignee
Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH filed Critical Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
Priority to US532399A priority Critical patent/US2877376A/en
Priority to CH353033D priority patent/CH353033A/de
Priority to DEI12159A priority patent/DE1078169B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2877376A publication Critical patent/US2877376A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen
    • H01J31/123—Flat display tubes
    • H01J31/124—Flat display tubes using electron beam scanning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
    • H04N3/12—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by switched stationary formation of lamps, photocells or light relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
    • H04N3/14—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by means of electrically scanned solid-state devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/80—Television signal recording using electrostatic recording
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F55/00—Radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices covered by groups H10F10/00, H10F19/00 or H10F30/00 being structurally associated with electric light sources and electrically or optically coupled thereto
    • H10F55/10—Radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices covered by groups H10F10/00, H10F19/00 or H10F30/00 being structurally associated with electric light sources and electrically or optically coupled thereto wherein the radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices control the electric light source, e.g. image converters, image amplifiers or image storage devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a phosphor screen device, and more particularly to an electroluminescent screen which is excited by means of a crossed grid conductor system.
  • the device of this earlier application utilized mechanical switching means for applying the signal voltages sequentially to the individual conductors. While such mechanical means is efiiciently operable for slow scanning or switching rates, it is not entirely satisfactory when operated at conventional television scanning frequencies.
  • first grid of spaced parallel conductors on one side of said layer a second grid of spaced parallel conductors on the other side of said layer, the conductors of the respective grids extending transversely of each other, a first layer of dielectric material on said first grid, a second layer of dielectric material on the second grid, a first electron beam scanning the first layer for producing electrostatic charges thereon which are to be capacitively coupled to the first grid conductors, a second electron beam scanning the second layer for producing electrostatic charges thereon which are thereby capacitively coupled to the second grid conductors, and means for. modulating both of said electron beams.
  • Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one phosphor display screen which utilizes mechanical means for applying a signal voltage to the crossed grids;
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of one embodiment of this invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken substantiallyalong the section line 3-3 of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a fragmentary cross-section of a slightly different embodiment of this invention.
  • a layer 1 of electroluminescent phosphor material is sandwiched between first and second grids indicated generally by the reference numerals 2 and 3, respectively.
  • the grid 2 is composed of a plurality of conductive spaced parallel strips 4, and the grid 3 is composed of similar strips 5 which extend in a direction perpendicular to that of the conductors 4.
  • Rotary switch means composed of two mechanical switches 6 and 7 are conductively connected, respectively, to the individual grid conductors 4 and 5, and a source 8 of signal voltage is coupled to the switch rotors 9 and 10, respectively. As the rotors 9 and 10 revolve, the respective conductors 4 and 5 are individually and sequentially connected to the signal source 8.
  • the phosphor layer 1 may be made to luminesce at the intersections or points of the conductors 4 and 5 which are connected into the source circuit.
  • FIG. 2 and 3 illustrate the first embodiment of this invention.
  • a phosphor layer 1 and a contiguous ferroelectric layer 11 are sandwiched between the crossed grids 2 and 3, respectively.
  • the individual conductors composing these grids project a suitable distance beyond the layers 1 and 11 as indicated by the numerals 12 and 13, respectively.
  • Bus bars or biasing electrodes 14 and 15 are coupled respectively to the individual grid conductors 5 and 4 by means of suitable isolating resistors 16 and 17.
  • the purpose of these resistors is to prevent shorting of the respective grid conductors.
  • a battery 18 supplies a suitable biasing potential to the two bus bars 14 and 15 for driving the ferroelectric layer 11 into the range of near-saturation, this particular feature being fully disclosed in the aforementioned Orthuber et al. application.
  • the phosphor material is caused to luminesce at a spot 21 corresponding to the intersection thereof.
  • a visible contrasting pattern may be produced.
  • the tube comprises an evacuated envelope 24 of glass or the like which is elongated and essentially round in crosssection except for the flat side 25 which contiguously lies on the conductor extensions 12.
  • a suitable conductive coating 26 is applied to the inner wall of thetube except for the flattened side 25 for a purpose which will become apparent hereafter.
  • An electron gun 27 of conventional design is mounted in one end of the envelope 24 to produce a beam of electrons which normally follows a path parallel to the plane of the grid conductor extensions 12 and transversely of the extensions.
  • Suitable beam deflecting means such as electrostatic deflecting plates 28 are positioned adjacent the gun 27 for defleeting the electron beam in one plane only, that plane being normal to the plane of the conductor extensions 12.
  • the beam may be scanned sequentially and transversely across all of the conductor extensions 12.
  • the electron beams thereof may be scanned over the respective wall sections 25 opposite conductor extensions 12 and 13 at either the same or different rates.
  • the scanning rate of the tube 22 would correspond to the frame or field scanning frequency while the scanning of the tube 23 will correspond to the horizontal or line scanning frequency.
  • the electron guns 27 In operation, it is desired that the current of the electron beams be high, and such currents are conventionally produced by means of the so-called Pierce guns or by means of conventional triode guns which produce ribbon-type beams of rectangular cross-section. Such a ribbon beam is indicated by the dashed line beams 29 and 30 emanating from the guns of the two tubes 22 and 23. The importance of the high current beam will become apparent from the following.
  • a video signal is applied to the control grids, or other suitable electrodes, of the guns of the two tubes 22 and 23 for intensity modulating the respective beams.
  • the impact point with wall 25 travels along in a straight-line path and releases secondary electrons from the wall 25 at a ratio greater than unit, which electrons are collected by the conductive wall coating 26.
  • the electron beam produces positive charges on the flattened wall section 25 of values corresponding to the instantaneous video signal amplitude.
  • a pulse of voltage will be produced on this extension by capacitive coupling through the interposed Wall element. While one tube is producing such a charge or pulse of energy for one of the respective grid conductors, the other tube is producing corresponding pulses onthe conductors of the other grid.
  • the coupling capacity between the inner surface of the tube and the conductors be high, and (2) the beam intensity be high.
  • High coupling capacity may be achieved by observing the following conditions: (a) The flat wall section 25 should be as thin as conditions will permit; and (b) Airinterspaces between the outside of the flat wall section 25 and the conductor extensions should be avoided by application of a plastic material having a high dielectric conmosphere.
  • this plastic material serving as a coupling film between the tube wall 25 and the conductor extensions.
  • Capacitive coupling through the tube wall to the conductors may be achieved by a slightly different embodiment of this invention as is illustrated in Fig. 4.
  • Like reference numerals will indicate like parts.
  • a fiat piece or Window 31 of ferroelectric material is used instead of flattening one side of the tube to achieve the flattened wall section 25 of Fig. 3.
  • This material may be the same as that used in layer 11 of the display screen itself.
  • Suitable brackets or junctions 32 are used to seal the window 31 to the tube envelope proper and this window 31 is superposed on the conductor extensions 12 in the same manner as the flattened section 25.
  • ferroelectric window possesses high dielectric permitivity, it is seen that high coupling capacity to the strip extensions 12 is possible.
  • the electron beam of the tube rapidly scans the flattened wall section, it may develop in some instances that the electrostatic charges produced by one scanning action will not disappear rapidly enough, in which case it is desirable to use a semi-conductive coating on the inner wall of the flattened wall section to erase or remove the charge soon after it is produced.
  • a suitable semiconductive material is found in titanium-oxide-dioxide which is evaporated onto the tube wall in an oxygen at- The evaporated film may be baked in either vacuum or oxygen in order to obtain the desired resistance characteristic.
  • Another possible way to erase the charges produced by one beam-scanning action prior to the next is to reduce the velocity of the beam electrons during the retrace period to a value below that required to produce secondary emission.
  • a high speed switching system comprising: a cathode ray tube having an elongated envelope formed of dielectric material with an electron gun disposed at one end thereof and arranged to direct an electron beam along the longitudinal axis of said envelope, electron beam deflecting means operatively associated with said electron gun and arranged to scan said electron beam in a straight line path longitudinally along the side wall of said envelope in one plane only whereby said electron beam impinges on said side wall; and a plurality of spaced parallel conductors abutting the outer surface of said envelope side wall along the path of said electron beam scanning and disposed transversely thereto whereby said scanning of said electron beam along said side wall produces incremental charges thereon thereby sequentially producing voltage pulses in said conductors by capacitive coupling through said envelope side wall.
  • a high speed switching system comprising: a cathode ray tube having an elongated envelope with an electron gun disposed in a first portion at one end thereof and arranged to direct an electron beam along the longitudinal axis of said envelope, said envelope including another portion adjacent said first portion and having a generally semi-circular cross-section with at least its flat wall section being formed of thin dielectric material, electron beam deflecting means operatively associated with said electron gun and arranged to scan said electron beam in a straight line path along the longitudinal axis of said fiat wall in one plane only normal to said flat wall whereby said electron beam impinges thereon; and a plurality of spaced parallel conductors respectively having flat sides abutting the outer side of said flat wall and disposed transversely of the longitudinal axis thereof whereby scanning of said electron beam along said longitudinal axis of said fiat wall produces incremental charges thereon thereby sequentially producing voltage pulses in said conductors by capacitive coupling through said envelope side wall.
  • a high speed switching system comprising: a cathode ray tube having an elongated envelope with an electron gun disposed in a first portion at one end thereof and arranged to direct a high current ribbon type electron beam of rectangular cross-section along the longitudinal axis of said envelope, said envelope including another portion adjacent said first portion and having a generally semi-circular cross-section with at least its flat wall section being formed of thin dielectric material, electron beam deflecting means operatively associated with said electron gun and arranged to scan said electron beam in a straight line path along the longitudinal axis of said fiat wall in one plane only normal to said flat wall whereby said electron beam impinges thereon, said envelope having a conductive coating on the curved portion of the inner wall of said other envelope portion facing said flat wall for collecting secondary electrons emitted by impingement of said electron beam on said fiat wall; and a plurality of spaced parallel flat conductors abutting the outer side of said flat wall and disposed transversely of the longitudinal axis thereof whereby scanning of said electron

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
US532399A 1955-09-06 1955-09-06 Phosphor screen device Expired - Lifetime US2877376A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US532399A US2877376A (en) 1955-09-06 1955-09-06 Phosphor screen device
CH353033D CH353033A (de) 1955-09-06 1956-08-14 Anordnung zur optischen Wiedergabe von Information mit einem flächenelementweise erregbaren Leuchtphosphorschirm
DEI12159A DE1078169B (de) 1955-09-06 1956-09-06 Bildwiedergabeeinrichtung mit einem Elektrolumineszenzschirm

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US532399A US2877376A (en) 1955-09-06 1955-09-06 Phosphor screen device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2877376A true US2877376A (en) 1959-03-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US532399A Expired - Lifetime US2877376A (en) 1955-09-06 1955-09-06 Phosphor screen device

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2877376A (de)
CH (1) CH353033A (de)
DE (1) DE1078169B (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2962624A (en) * 1956-03-07 1960-11-29 Burroughs Corp Signal gating and beam switching circuit
US2967972A (en) * 1957-04-02 1961-01-10 Philips Corp Electron display device
US3013183A (en) * 1959-06-11 1961-12-12 Sylvania Electric Prod Electroluminescent device
US3013182A (en) * 1960-05-24 1961-12-12 Singer Inc H R B Electronic display panel
US3035200A (en) * 1959-11-25 1962-05-15 Sylvania Electric Prod Electroluminescent display device
US3073992A (en) * 1959-11-19 1963-01-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Display device
US3079591A (en) * 1959-03-27 1963-02-26 Ncr Co Memory devices
US3086143A (en) * 1959-11-19 1963-04-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Display device
US3121861A (en) * 1960-06-27 1964-02-18 Gen Dynamics Corp Storage apparatus
US3145368A (en) * 1959-11-16 1964-08-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electroluminescent storage and readout system
US3177486A (en) * 1961-11-13 1965-04-06 Hazeltine Research Inc Three-dimensional display
US3473200A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-10-21 Hughes Aircraft Co Flat direct view storage tube
US3492489A (en) * 1965-01-05 1970-01-27 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Gunn-type electroluminescent device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3004180A1 (de) * 1980-02-05 1981-08-13 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Anordnung zur bildwiedergabe walsh-transformierter signale

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1779748A (en) * 1927-09-28 1930-10-28 Communications Patents Inc High-speed television system
US2313286A (en) * 1938-04-29 1943-03-09 Scophony Corp Of America Television receiver
US2449558A (en) * 1945-12-14 1948-09-21 Harold H Lanier Cathode-ray tube
US2513947A (en) * 1946-08-14 1950-07-04 Gen Electric Co Ltd Multichannel signaling system
US2652514A (en) * 1949-09-14 1953-09-15 Automatic Telephone & Elect Display arrangement
US2698915A (en) * 1953-04-28 1955-01-04 Gen Electric Phosphor screen
US2795729A (en) * 1952-09-15 1957-06-11 Nat Res Dev Cathode ray tube
US2795731A (en) * 1953-05-19 1957-06-11 Kaiser Aircraft & Electronics Cathode ray tube

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE539937A (de) 1954-07-20

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1779748A (en) * 1927-09-28 1930-10-28 Communications Patents Inc High-speed television system
US2313286A (en) * 1938-04-29 1943-03-09 Scophony Corp Of America Television receiver
US2449558A (en) * 1945-12-14 1948-09-21 Harold H Lanier Cathode-ray tube
US2513947A (en) * 1946-08-14 1950-07-04 Gen Electric Co Ltd Multichannel signaling system
US2652514A (en) * 1949-09-14 1953-09-15 Automatic Telephone & Elect Display arrangement
US2795729A (en) * 1952-09-15 1957-06-11 Nat Res Dev Cathode ray tube
US2698915A (en) * 1953-04-28 1955-01-04 Gen Electric Phosphor screen
US2795731A (en) * 1953-05-19 1957-06-11 Kaiser Aircraft & Electronics Cathode ray tube

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2962624A (en) * 1956-03-07 1960-11-29 Burroughs Corp Signal gating and beam switching circuit
US2967972A (en) * 1957-04-02 1961-01-10 Philips Corp Electron display device
US3079591A (en) * 1959-03-27 1963-02-26 Ncr Co Memory devices
US3013183A (en) * 1959-06-11 1961-12-12 Sylvania Electric Prod Electroluminescent device
US3145368A (en) * 1959-11-16 1964-08-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electroluminescent storage and readout system
US3073992A (en) * 1959-11-19 1963-01-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Display device
US3086143A (en) * 1959-11-19 1963-04-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Display device
US3035200A (en) * 1959-11-25 1962-05-15 Sylvania Electric Prod Electroluminescent display device
US3013182A (en) * 1960-05-24 1961-12-12 Singer Inc H R B Electronic display panel
US3121861A (en) * 1960-06-27 1964-02-18 Gen Dynamics Corp Storage apparatus
US3177486A (en) * 1961-11-13 1965-04-06 Hazeltine Research Inc Three-dimensional display
US3492489A (en) * 1965-01-05 1970-01-27 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Gunn-type electroluminescent device
US3473200A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-10-21 Hughes Aircraft Co Flat direct view storage tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1078169B (de) 1960-03-24
CH353033A (de) 1961-03-31

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