US2899210A - Marker - Google Patents

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US2899210A
US2899210A US2899210DA US2899210A US 2899210 A US2899210 A US 2899210A US 2899210D A US2899210D A US 2899210DA US 2899210 A US2899210 A US 2899210A
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Prior art keywords
boot
side cheeks
cheek
ski
front cheek
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/0807Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings for both towing and downhill skiing
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08535Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a mobile body or base or single jaw
    • A63C9/08542Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a mobile body or base or single jaw pivoting about a transversal axis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08535Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a mobile body or base or single jaw
    • A63C9/0855Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable with a mobile body or base or single jaw pivoting about a vertical axis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08557Details of the release mechanism
    • A63C9/08571Details of the release mechanism using axis and lever
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/085Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings with sole hold-downs, e.g. swingable
    • A63C9/08557Details of the release mechanism
    • A63C9/08578Details of the release mechanism using a plurality of biasing elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00Ski bindings
    • A63C9/005Ski bindings with means for adjusting the position of a shoe holder or of the complete binding relative to the ski
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63CSKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00Ski bindings
    • A63C9/08Ski bindings yieldable or self-releasing in the event of an accident, i.e. safety bindings
    • A63C9/0805Adjustment of the toe or heel holders; Indicators therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relatestosafety ski bindingsof the type having a pivotable front cheek which presses' against the front edge of the ski boot and pivots laterally whenever a predetermined torque is exceeded bythe shoe which is pressed against the front cheek by a conventional tension cable.
  • Safety ski bindings of the said type produce a relatively tight seat of the boot on the ski in racing downhill.
  • certain diiculties arise when ascending and skiing on level ground owing to the fact that the tension cable in this case is engaged in cable holders provided in a forward position, so that a certain lateral displacementv or torsional movement' of the boot in relation to the ski :is possible, whereby the safe guiding of the ski is impaired or the binding may even be inadvertently released.
  • This lateral displacement can be prevented by adjusting a higher tensionand/ or a more diagonal direction of the cable whereby, however, the lifting of the heel is hindered and rendered' dicult.
  • a pair of pivotable side cheeks abutting the flanks of the sole of the boot and being urged into their normal position by a slight spring force in such a way that they can. be swung laterally by a torsional movement of the boot with respect to the ski without a noticeable resistance, a locking device being additionally provided for xing these side cheeks ⁇ in their normal position.
  • my novel ski binding cornbines the advantages of a safety ski binding with front cheek with the advantages of a binding provided with side cheeks, while avoiding the drawbacks inherent to these two types of bindings.
  • the additional side cheeks are ineffective, so that the boot will be released immediately in spite of the side cheeks in case of a heavy fall.
  • the side cheeks bearing against the flanks of the sole with a slight spring pressure are xed so that they are rigid and prevent lateral displacement or rotation of the boot, with the result that a safe and unobjectionable guiding of the ski is ensured.
  • the tension of the cable may be small both during ascending and when skiing in the plane, that the heel can be freely and easily lifted and' yet the ski is reliably guided by the boot.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a safety ski binding having the invention applied thereto, with a pivotable front cheek and additional pivotable side cheeks.
  • Fig. 1a is a detail of Fig. 1, in a section on line Ia-Ia of Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 2 is a side view thereof
  • Fig. 3 is a section on line III- lll of Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 is a plan View on a modification
  • Fig. 5 is a side view thereof
  • Fig. 6 is a section on line VI-VI of Fig. 4,
  • FIG. 7 is a plan View of a third embodiment, andV Fig; 8 is a side view thereof, partly ina longitudinal section.
  • a pivotable front. cheek 2, 3 adapted to engage the front edge of the sole' of the boot is mountedl on a ski 1.
  • the front cheek may be constructed in any desired manner, but in the preferred embodiment shown in Figs. l, la andy 2, this front cheek is constructed according to an operating principle which is the subject of my copending patent application Ser. No. 340,187, namelyd March 4, 1953, now Patent Number 2,858,137, issued October 28, 1958.
  • the front cheek comprises an abutment member 2 whose vertical lateral edges 2a and 2b are adapted to engage the front edge of the sole of the boot, and a pivotable member 3.
  • the abutment member 2 ⁇ and the pivotable member 3 are pivotally connected to each other by a pivot 4 or the like and the pivotable member 3 is fulcrumed on a pivot 5 arranged on a base plate 6 iixedly connected to the ski.
  • a click stop or detent means which in the example illustrated includes a bifurcated bearing bracket 7 in which a bell crank or angle' lever 8' ismounted to swing about a pivot 9 and a small roller 11 is rotatably mounted on the free end of the vertical leg of the lever.
  • the pivotable member 3 is formed with a recess or groove 3a for engagement of the roller 11 which is urged into the groove under action of a compression spring 10 acting on the angle lever 8 in the direction of the arrow E and being adjustable as to its tension by means of a screw 47.
  • the members 2-and 3 are interconnected in such a way that member 2 will be swung about pivot 4 in relation to member 3 only if a predetermined torque between the boot and the ski is exceeded.
  • a member 48 Secured to the abutment member 2, by means of a screw 49, is a member 48 for holding down thesole, which member is indicated in Fig. l in dot-and-dash lines and formed with a longitudinal slot 50 for vertical adjustment.
  • bipartite angular cheeks 12, 13 are provided whose horizontal part 12 is secured on the ski by screws 51 while theirvertical part 13 is linked to the horizontal portion 12 by a horizontal hinge whose hinge pin 14 is surrounded by a helical spring 15.
  • the end 15 of this spring engages the side cheek ⁇ 13 from outside and presses it against a stop 16 of the plate 12 so that the side cheek 13 is held in itsvertical position.
  • the springs 15 are relatively weak, so that the function of the safety binding is not impaired, i.e., that in case of a heavy fall of the skier, these side cheeks are urged aside by a boot about the axis 14 in the direction A, without opposing a substantial resistance.
  • the plate members 12 are toothed at 17 for engagement with a complementary toothing 18 of the base plate 6, and held in position by a cover plate (not shown) and the screws 51.
  • the cheek members 13 are provided with a slot 20 for pas'- sage of a toe strap 52.
  • FIG. l another mechanical locking of the side cheeks 13 may be provided.
  • locking pins 21 and 22 bent at right angles are indicated which are secured on the ski by means of a bearing plate 23 so as to be swingable and longitudinally slidable.
  • These locking pins take up the position shown in Fig. 1 during downhill running.
  • the pins 21 and 22 are drawn out in the directions B and C and the arms 21a and 22a of the pins are swung upwards and connected with the cheeks 13 in a suitable manner, so that the latter are thereby rigidly held in the vertical position.
  • members 24 for holding down the cable are provided. When thecable is engaged in these members, a very favorable, low tension of the cable is attained which permits an easy lifting of the heel and thus easy skiing on level ground.
  • two angular side cheeks 25 are provided which are mounted to swing about two vertical pivots 27 arranged laterally and in front of the front cheek 2 and secured on two base plates 28 which are formed each with a transverse slot 29 and in their turn are secured on the ski for transverse adjustment by screws 40.
  • the angular cheeks 25 are provided at their rear end with a toothed edge portion 30 adapted to be engaged with a complementary toothing 31 of a slide 32 which is longitudinally slidable as indicated by arrow D.
  • the cheeks 25 which are urged against the flanks of the sole by means of a slight spring action are free to swing about the axes 27 (position for racing downhill).
  • the spring action may, for instance be produced by torsion springs 27 wound respectively about pivot pins 27 and anchored at one end thereof on these pins and engaging with the outer end 27" the cheeks 25, respectively.
  • torsion springs 27 wound respectively about pivot pins 27 and anchored at one end thereof on these pins and engaging with the outer end 27" the cheeks 25, respectively.
  • FIGs. 1-3 or 4 and 5 show that the side cheeks 13 or 25 are arranged independently of the front cheek. This arrangement offers the advantage that the numerous safety ski bindings with front cheek already in use can be subsequently tted with these swingable and lockable side cheeks 13 or 25.
  • FIG. 7 A further advantageous embodiment of the invention in which the front cheek and the side cheeks are combined into a compact unit is shown in Figs. 7 and 8.
  • side cheeks 34 which are also angularly shaped, are pivoted each on a vertical pivot pin 35 secured to the front cheek unit 2.
  • two laterally adjustable angular bearing brackets 36 are mounted on the front cheek unit 2 and formed each with a pivot pin 35 for pivotable mounting of the side cheeks 34.
  • the bearing brackets 36 are provided with a transverse slot 39 and connected to the horizontal plate of the front cheek member 2 by a screw 40.
  • the side cheeks 34 are provided with a short angular arm 37 for urging the side cheeks 34 against the sole under action of a tension spring 38, a stop screw 138 on the bearing bracket 36 forming an abutment for the respective arm 37.
  • a tension spring 38 a tension spring 38
  • a stop screw 138 on the bearing bracket 36 forming an abutment for the respective arm 37.
  • a slight spring action may be exerted upon the front cheek by means of a tension spring 41, for holding the front cheek together with the side cheeks 34 in their central position as shown.
  • a slide 32 is provided for locking the side cheeks The two Y toothed edge 30 of the side cheeks.
  • a bell crank or angle lever 43 pivoted at 42 may be provided to operate the slide 32 by means of a journal 44 engaging in a transverse slot 45 of the slide 32.
  • the lever 43 is arranged in such a way that it is in its dead center position when the slide 32 is in the locking position, so as to provide a self-locking effect.
  • Lateral guide plates 32 are provided for guiding the slide 32.
  • Guide plates 32 as well as slide 32 are preferably mounted on a common supporting base or plate 146.
  • Guide plates 32 are fastened to plate 146 and the latter to the ski 1 in any Vknown manner, for instance by screws.
  • A'further advantage of my novel safety ski binding consists in the fact that the side cheeks 13, 25, or 34 can be made relatively light and of a thin material since these cheeks have to take up only relatively small forces.
  • My novel safety ski binding permits an easy lifting of the heel when skiing on level ground or ascending with low tension action of the cable. With this type of skiing, a larger displacement of the front edge of the sole occurs in relation to the supporting cheek 2, which may cause a premature wear or injury to the edge of the sole. For this reason it is advantageous, as indicated in Fig. l, to provide on the front cheek 2 a vertically slidable sheet 46 forming an abutment for the front edge of the sole. If desired, this slidable sheet may be additionally grooved in a transverse direction on the supporting edges 46a, so as to ensure that it is safely taken along by the edge of the sole.
  • a safety ski binding comprising a front cheek secured to the ski so as to form an abutment for the front edge of the boot and adapted to pivot laterally in case 0f excessive torsional stress upon the boot, means urging the boot against said front cheek, a pair of pivotable side cheeks on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek gently springurged into their normal position in engagement with the anks of the sole of the boot, so as to yield laterally without noticeable resistance in case of a rotary motion of the boot, and a locking device cooperable with said side ⁇ cheeks adapted to lock the side cheeks in their normal position.
  • a safety ski binding comprising a front cheek secured to the ski so as to form an abutment for the front edge of the boot and adapted to pivot laterally in case of excessive torsional stress upon the boot, elastic means urging the front cheek into its central position, means urging the boot against said front cheek, a pair of pivotable side cheeks on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek gently springurged into their normal position in engagement with the flanks of the sole of the boot, so as to yield laterally without noticeable resistance in case of a rotary motion of the boot, and a locking device cooperable with said side cheeks adapted to lock the side cheeks in their normal position.
  • a safety ski binding comprising a front cheek sccured to the ski so as to form an abutment for the front edge of the boot and adapted to pivot laterally in case of excessive torsional stress upon the boot, means urging the boot against said front cheek, a pair of bipartite angular side cheeks on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek, each of said cheeks having a horizontal part adjustably secured on the ski and a vertical cheek part linked to the horizontal part by a horizontal hinge and spring-urged into the normal vertical position delined by a stop face, for abutting the anks of the sole of the boot, and a locking device cooperable with said side cheeks adapted to lock the side cheeks in their normal position.
  • a safety ski binding comprising a front cheek secured to the ski so as to form an abutment for the front edge of the boot and adapted to pivot laterally in case of excessive torsional stress upon the boot, means urging the boot against said front cheek, a pair of pivotable side cheeks on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek gently spring-urged into their normal position in engagement with the ilanks of the sole of the boot, so as to yield laterally without noticeable resistance in case of a rotary motion of the boot, each of the side cheeks being formed with a slot, and a toe strap adapted to be passed through the slots for holding the two side cheeks in their normal position.
  • a safety ski binding comprising a front cheek secured to the ski so as to form an abutment for the front edge of the boot and adapted to pivot laterally in case of excessive torsional stress upon the boot, means urging the boot against said front cheek, a pair of angular side cheeks spring-urged into their normal position abutting the anks of the sole, a pair of vertical pivot pins mounted for lateral adjustment forward of the front cheek and respectively on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek for pivotal mounting of the side cheeks whose horizontal rearward edges are circularly curved around the pivot as a center axis and toothed, and a lockable slide having a complementary toothed and curved front edge adapted to be engaged with the toothed rearward edges of the side cheeks for locking the side cheeks in their normal positions.
  • a safety ski binding comprising a front cheek unit forming an abutment for the front edge of the boot and pivotally mounted on the ski so as to yield laterally in case of excessive torsional stress upon the boot, means urging the boot against said front cheek, a pair of vertical pivot pins secured on the iront cheek unit respectively on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek, a pair of side cheeks of angular shape each pivoted on one of said pivot pins and spring-urged into its normal position abutting the anks of the sole of the boot, and a locking member provided on the ski for locking the side cheeks in their normal position by means of complementary toothed portions of the end edges of the horizontal legs of the angular cheeks and of the locking member, respectively.
  • a safety ski binding comprising a front cheek unit forming an abutment for the front edge of the boot and pivotally mounted on the ski so as to yield laterally in case of excessive torsional stress upon the boot, means urging the boot against said front cheek, a pair of laterally adjustable pivot holders with vertical pivot pins mounted on the front cheek unit respectively on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek, a pair of side cheeks of angular shape each pivoted on one of said pivot pins and spring-urged into its normal position abutting the ilanks of the sole of the boot, and a locking member provided on the ski for locking the side cheeks in their normal position by means of complementary toothed portions of the end edges of the horizontal legs of the angular cheeks and of the locking member, respectively.
  • a safety ski binding comprising a front cheek unit forming an abutment for the front edge of the boot pivotally connected to the ski to yield laterally in the event of excessive torsional stress upon the boot, means urging the boot against the front cheek, a pair of vertical pivot pins secured to the front cheek unit respectively on oppositev sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek, a pair of angular side cheeks each pivoted on one of said pivot pins and spring urged intd its normal position abutting the iiank of the boot sole, ⁇ and a locking device cooperable with the side cheeks adapted to lock the side cheeks in their normal position.
  • a safety ski binding comprising, in combination, a front cheek secured to the ski so as to form an abutment for the front edge of a boot and adapted to pivot laterally in case of excessive torsional stress upon the boot; a pair of pivotal side cheeks on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis passing through the pivot of the front cheek permanently slightly spring-urged into operative position in engagement with the flanks of the sole of the boot so as to yield laterally without noticeable resistance in case of a rotary motion of the boot when the same is subjected to excessive torsional stress and when said front cheek of the boot pivots laterally; a locking device adapted to releasably lock said side cheeks in their operative position; and means urging said boot against said front cheek with a tension adjustable between a low tension in which said boot is tiltable relative to said front cheek in a manner so that the heel of the boot can move toward and away from the ski and a high tension in which the boot is substantially not tiltable relative to said front cheek but held superimposed upon the ski, whereby for uphill

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US2899210D 1955-05-11 Marker Expired - Lifetime US2899210A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM27054A DE1145971B (de) 1955-05-11 1955-05-11 Sicherheitsskibindung

Publications (1)

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US2899210A true US2899210A (en) 1959-08-11

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US2899210D Expired - Lifetime US2899210A (en) 1955-05-11 Marker

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US (1) US2899210A (de)
CH (1) CH345824A (de)
DE (1) DE1145971B (de)
FR (1) FR1149753A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2994543A (en) * 1960-05-09 1961-08-01 Hvam Hjalmar Toe holding device for skis
US3027173A (en) * 1957-12-23 1962-03-27 Beyl Jean-Joseph Alfred Safety ski binder
US3105696A (en) * 1960-01-16 1963-10-01 Smolka & Co Wiener Metall Safety binding with swivel jaw
US3122380A (en) * 1960-08-08 1964-02-25 Eckel Heinrich Ski binding
US3891226A (en) * 1972-04-17 1975-06-24 Gertsch Ag Releasable ski binding

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1190851B (de) 1956-02-21 1965-04-08 Heribert Wershofen Sicherheitsskibindung

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1615032A (en) * 1926-03-17 1927-01-18 Palmquist Adolf John Ski harness
US2093044A (en) * 1936-05-12 1937-09-14 Gresvig Aksel Skibinding
FR844838A (fr) * 1938-04-15 1939-08-02 Fixation de ski de sécurité
US2308338A (en) * 1941-03-11 1943-01-12 Mcilvaine Alexander Safety ski binding
US2381793A (en) * 1942-05-14 1945-08-07 David A Wallace Ski harness
US2468879A (en) * 1948-01-29 1949-05-03 Hvam Hjalmar Ski binding
FR959356A (de) * 1944-05-02 1950-03-29
US2513926A (en) * 1948-03-15 1950-07-04 Sidney Gerber Quick-release cable binding for skis
CH278973A (de) * 1949-08-29 1951-11-15 Nieden Harald Zur Skibindung mit Schuh.
US2676813A (en) * 1949-06-13 1954-04-27 Beyl Jean Joseph Alfred Safety ski fastening
FR1077640A (fr) * 1952-03-25 1954-11-10 Fixation pour ski
FR1101741A (fr) * 1954-03-23 1955-10-10 Fixation de sécurité pour ski

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH157067A (de) * 1933-05-30 1932-09-15 Ritter Jean Skibindung.
CH219170A (de) * 1939-07-13 1942-01-31 Reuge Guido Skibindung mit verstellbaren Zehenbacken.
US2586339A (en) * 1945-07-02 1952-02-19 Hvam Hjalmar Ski binding
US2517795A (en) * 1947-11-24 1950-08-08 Ludwig A Majneri Ski binding
FR1090051A (fr) * 1953-09-17 1955-03-28 Fixation de ski

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1615032A (en) * 1926-03-17 1927-01-18 Palmquist Adolf John Ski harness
US2093044A (en) * 1936-05-12 1937-09-14 Gresvig Aksel Skibinding
FR844838A (fr) * 1938-04-15 1939-08-02 Fixation de ski de sécurité
US2308338A (en) * 1941-03-11 1943-01-12 Mcilvaine Alexander Safety ski binding
US2381793A (en) * 1942-05-14 1945-08-07 David A Wallace Ski harness
FR959356A (de) * 1944-05-02 1950-03-29
US2468879A (en) * 1948-01-29 1949-05-03 Hvam Hjalmar Ski binding
US2513926A (en) * 1948-03-15 1950-07-04 Sidney Gerber Quick-release cable binding for skis
US2676813A (en) * 1949-06-13 1954-04-27 Beyl Jean Joseph Alfred Safety ski fastening
CH278973A (de) * 1949-08-29 1951-11-15 Nieden Harald Zur Skibindung mit Schuh.
FR1077640A (fr) * 1952-03-25 1954-11-10 Fixation pour ski
FR1101741A (fr) * 1954-03-23 1955-10-10 Fixation de sécurité pour ski

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3027173A (en) * 1957-12-23 1962-03-27 Beyl Jean-Joseph Alfred Safety ski binder
US3105696A (en) * 1960-01-16 1963-10-01 Smolka & Co Wiener Metall Safety binding with swivel jaw
US2994543A (en) * 1960-05-09 1961-08-01 Hvam Hjalmar Toe holding device for skis
US3122380A (en) * 1960-08-08 1964-02-25 Eckel Heinrich Ski binding
US3891226A (en) * 1972-04-17 1975-06-24 Gertsch Ag Releasable ski binding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH345824A (de) 1960-04-15
DE1145971B (de) 1963-03-21
FR1149753A (fr) 1957-12-31

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