US2922060A - X-ray tube of high output - Google Patents

X-ray tube of high output Download PDF

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Publication number
US2922060A
US2922060A US536247A US53624755A US2922060A US 2922060 A US2922060 A US 2922060A US 536247 A US536247 A US 536247A US 53624755 A US53624755 A US 53624755A US 2922060 A US2922060 A US 2922060A
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anode
work space
ray
ray tube
tube
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Expired - Lifetime
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US536247A
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English (en)
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Rajewsky Boris
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved type of source for the emanation of Roentgen rays and more particularly to X-ray tubes having a high output.
  • the unutilized share of the emanated X-rays increases with the distance of the objects from the focal spot, it is advantageous to approximate the object as'closely as possible to the focal spot so as to obtain a high output or dosage yield of X-rays in the work space, i.e., the space in which the object to be irradiated is located.
  • a hollow resonator anode tube such as described, for instance, in the patent to Cassen 2,342,789 relating to super voltage X-ray tube.
  • the X-rays are generated on a flat anode membrane which serves simultaneously as the ray-transmissive window of the tube and is usually cooled by a flow of coolant passing between the aforesaid window and a second outer window.
  • a flat anode membrane which serves simultaneously as the ray-transmissive window of the tube and is usually cooled by a flow of coolant passing between the aforesaid window and a second outer window.
  • an X-ray tube which is provided with an anode being a large concave ray transmissive member, which vaulted surface surrounds the work space at least partially, i.e. on several sides thereof. Since the focal spot can thus be extended over a large surface surrounding the work space under optimal conditions, a large proportion of the generated X-rays can be utilized and a high load capacity of the tube can be attained.
  • Another advantage of a concave, vaulted anode for use in a concave anode tube resides in the fact that the anode membrane is only subjected to tensile stress.
  • the cathode surrounding the anode on the side of the latter facing away from the work space. Improved results are further obtained by providing screening means on the outside of the cathode facing away from the anode. A higher load capacity of the anode is obtained by cooling the same in a suitable manner.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-section along line 2-2 in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows another embodiment of an X-ray tube according to the invention
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view along line 4-4 in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows an arrangement wherein two X-ray tubes of the type shown in Figures 3 ,and 4 are combined to form a closed work space;
  • Figure 6 shows yet another embodiment of an X-ray tube according to the invention in longitudinal section.
  • reference numeral 1 indicates the anode which partially surrounds the work space 8.
  • the ray transmissive anode 1 is tube shaped.
  • An inner tube 2, of ray transmissive material, is disposed concentrically with anode 1 so as to provide a cylindrical channel 3 for the passage of a coolant.
  • the coolant prevents excessive heating of the anode 1 under high loads.
  • Inlet and outlet means 11 and 12 admit a coolant to, and remove the same from chamber 3.
  • the tube 2 can be made, for instance, using aluminum, beryllium, or other similarly ray-transmissive material, in order to keep the loss of radiation as low as possible.
  • a cathode 4 in the form of an incandescent coil is arranged about anode 1 surrounding the latter concentrically.
  • Cathode 4 is externally screened off by means of a deflecting tube 5.
  • the evacuated space enclosed by the tube casing 6, the insulated cathode carrier body 7, and the anode 1, can either be evacuated and sealed off in a known manner or it can be currently evacuated by a vacuum pump (not shown) which is connected to the pipe joint 9.
  • the filament voltage and anode voltage are supplied from sources of electric energy (not shown) by way of connecting wires 10.
  • the voltage counterpole of the anode voltage which is preferably arranged at the casing 6 is not shown in order to simplify the illustration of the invention, nor is the Wiring of the deflecting tube 5 shown, which tube 5 is preferably charged with a negative potential against the cathode 4. However, it is also possible to insulate the deflecting tube 5 and thus completely eliminate the wiring of this tube.
  • a special advantage of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 resides in the fact that the X-ray tube according to this embodiment can be built of any desired length, and that the objects to be irradiated can be continuously transported through the work space 8.
  • anode 1 is of a substantially semi-cylindrical shape.
  • X-ray tubes having anodes of this type-which show an inwardly curved anode surface, only partially surrounding'the work space, have the advantage that the objects to be irradiated can be placed on a conveyor belt for the arrangement of which there is suificient space available opposite the anode surface]
  • the conveyor belt is indicated schematically at 14.
  • the dosage yield attained in the work space 8 in this embodiment is inferior compared with that of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • a greater dosage yield can be obtained if two'X-ray tubes of the type shown in Figures '3 and'4 are combined to surround the work space 8 tubularly as in the arrangement shown in Figure 5.
  • The' dosage yield attained by this arrangement in the work space 8 is approximately the same as that of the X-ray tube embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the arrangement of Figure 5 has the advantage, compared with Figures 1 and 2, that the work space 8, as well as a transporting device for the objects to be irradiated which may be disposed in the work space, are more easily accessible. 7 a
  • an X-ray tube shown in Figure 6 permits achieving a particularly high dosage yield in work space 8.
  • anode 1 surrounds the work space 8 in the form of a dome.
  • the objects to be irradiated are introduced into the work space 8 through the opening 13, which is disposed laterally if the work space extends horizontally as shown in Figure 6.
  • the work space may also be completely enclosed by ray transmissive anode surfaces. This is achieved by combining several X ray tubes of suitably shaped anodes,
  • the X-ray tubes according to the invention are particularly useful for radiation with X-rays requiring high X-ray dosages in a relatively short time, where a pointshaped source, or almost'point shaped source,'of 'emanation is of secondary importance.
  • X-ray' tubes according to the invention are, therefore, applicable in medical therapy, in the biologicalfield where organisms are to be destroyed or mutated, in the chemical field where substances are to be decomposed or altered, and in subordinate techniques. These fields comprise the destruction of micro-organisms causing fermentationa'nd other deterioration of food, medicaments, objects of art, and the like; further, the testing of materials used in radiation techniques with regard to their resistance to rays and the testing of other properties of materials.
  • an X-ray tube comprising a concavo-convexX-ray transmissive anode the shape ofwhichis that of at least a portion of a substantially cylindrical surface, the concave side of said anode defining a work space exterior of the tube within which work space an article may be irradiated, and a cathode arranged on the convex' side of said anode and encompassing the same, said cathode being elongated in the direction of the axis of said substantially cylindrical surface and extending throughout substantially the length of said anode to produce a focal spot on-said anode which extends over substantially the entire surface thereof, whereby articles passed through said work space are irradiated substantially uniformly.
  • An X-ray tube as defined in. claim 1 further comprising a concavo-convex X-ray transmissive member having a shape substantially similarto that of said anode and arranged on the concave side thereof so that said anode and member form between themselves passage through which a coolant may flow.
  • X-ray tube as defined in claim 1 further comprising screening means encompassing said cathode for vdeflecting outwardly moving electrons emanating from saidcathode.
  • an X-ray tube as defined in claim 1, and conveyor means for continuously conveying through said work space that whichis to be irradiated; 1

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
US536247A 1954-09-25 1955-09-23 X-ray tube of high output Expired - Lifetime US2922060A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM24623A DE1009325B (de) 1954-09-25 1954-09-25 Roentgenroehre

Publications (1)

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US2922060A true US2922060A (en) 1960-01-19

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Family Applications (1)

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US536247A Expired - Lifetime US2922060A (en) 1954-09-25 1955-09-23 X-ray tube of high output

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US (1) US2922060A (de)
CH (1) CH336912A (de)
DE (1) DE1009325B (de)
FR (1) FR1131398A (de)
GB (1) GB792019A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3296476A (en) * 1961-10-31 1967-01-03 Licentia Gmbh X-ray tube
US4034251A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-07-05 North American Philips Corporation Transmission x-ray tube
US4675890A (en) * 1982-10-05 1987-06-23 Thomson-Csf X-ray tube for producing a high-efficiency beam and especially a pencil beam
US4853581A (en) * 1986-02-10 1989-08-01 Photo Redux Corp. Radiation-emitting devices
US5504799A (en) * 1993-06-18 1996-04-02 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. X-ray generation tube for ionizing ambient atmosphere
US20080056448A1 (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-06 Harris Corporation Soft x-ray radiation for biological pathogen decontamination and medical sterilization applications
US20080181364A1 (en) * 2007-01-29 2008-07-31 Harris Corporation System and method for non-destructive decontamination of sensitive electronics using soft X-ray radiation
US20100201240A1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-12 Tobias Heinke Electron accelerator to generate a photon beam with an energy of more than 0.5 mev

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1265879B (de) * 1962-06-05 1968-04-11 Licentia Gmbh Hochleistungsroentgenroehrenanlage

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2292859A (en) * 1939-11-02 1942-08-11 Gen Electric X-ray tube
US2319350A (en) * 1937-06-14 1943-05-18 Schiebold Ernst X-ray tube and apparatus
US2342789A (en) * 1941-04-19 1944-02-29 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Supervoltage X-ray tube
US2392380A (en) * 1942-12-07 1946-01-08 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc High-voltage apparatus
US2517260A (en) * 1945-09-18 1950-08-01 Research Corp Apparatus for generating an accurately focused beam of charged particles and for related purposes
US2559526A (en) * 1945-09-18 1951-07-03 Research Corp Anode target for high-voltage highvacuum uniform-field acceleration tube
US2602751A (en) * 1950-08-17 1952-07-08 High Voltage Engineering Corp Method for sterilizing substances or materials such as food and drugs

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE690618C (de) * 1937-01-19 1940-04-30 Siemens Reiniger Werke Akt Ges Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines konvergenten Roentgenstrahlenbuendels

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2319350A (en) * 1937-06-14 1943-05-18 Schiebold Ernst X-ray tube and apparatus
US2292859A (en) * 1939-11-02 1942-08-11 Gen Electric X-ray tube
US2342789A (en) * 1941-04-19 1944-02-29 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Supervoltage X-ray tube
US2392380A (en) * 1942-12-07 1946-01-08 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc High-voltage apparatus
US2517260A (en) * 1945-09-18 1950-08-01 Research Corp Apparatus for generating an accurately focused beam of charged particles and for related purposes
US2559526A (en) * 1945-09-18 1951-07-03 Research Corp Anode target for high-voltage highvacuum uniform-field acceleration tube
US2602751A (en) * 1950-08-17 1952-07-08 High Voltage Engineering Corp Method for sterilizing substances or materials such as food and drugs

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3296476A (en) * 1961-10-31 1967-01-03 Licentia Gmbh X-ray tube
US4034251A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-07-05 North American Philips Corporation Transmission x-ray tube
US4675890A (en) * 1982-10-05 1987-06-23 Thomson-Csf X-ray tube for producing a high-efficiency beam and especially a pencil beam
US4853581A (en) * 1986-02-10 1989-08-01 Photo Redux Corp. Radiation-emitting devices
US5504799A (en) * 1993-06-18 1996-04-02 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. X-ray generation tube for ionizing ambient atmosphere
WO2008027819A3 (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-06-19 Harris Corp Soft x-ray radiation for biological pathogen decontamination and medical sterilization applications
US20080056448A1 (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-06 Harris Corporation Soft x-ray radiation for biological pathogen decontamination and medical sterilization applications
US7522702B2 (en) 2006-08-29 2009-04-21 Harris Corporation Soft x-ray radiation for biological pathogen decontamination and medical sterilization applications
US20080181364A1 (en) * 2007-01-29 2008-07-31 Harris Corporation System and method for non-destructive decontamination of sensitive electronics using soft X-ray radiation
WO2008134099A3 (en) * 2007-01-29 2008-12-24 Harris Corp A system and method for non-destructive decontamination of sensitive electronics using soft x-ray radiation
US7580506B2 (en) 2007-01-29 2009-08-25 Harris Corporation System and method for non-destructive decontamination of sensitive electronics using soft X-ray radiation
US8280004B2 (en) 2007-01-29 2012-10-02 Harris Corporation System and method for non-destructive decontamination of sensitive electronics using soft x-ray radiation
KR101199633B1 (ko) 2007-01-29 2012-11-08 해리스 코포레이션 연성 ｘ선 방사선을 사용한 민감성 전자 장치의 비파괴적 오염제거 장치 및 방법
US20100201240A1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-08-12 Tobias Heinke Electron accelerator to generate a photon beam with an energy of more than 0.5 mev

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH336912A (de) 1959-03-15
DE1009325B (de) 1957-05-29
GB792019A (en) 1958-03-19
FR1131398A (fr) 1957-02-20

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