US2929704A - Methods of and apparatus for degasifying metals - Google Patents

Methods of and apparatus for degasifying metals Download PDF

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Publication number
US2929704A
US2929704A US633971A US63397157A US2929704A US 2929704 A US2929704 A US 2929704A US 633971 A US633971 A US 633971A US 63397157 A US63397157 A US 63397157A US 2929704 A US2929704 A US 2929704A
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metal
zone
bath
vessel
vacuum
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US633971A
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English (en)
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Harders Fritz
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Dortmund Hoerder Huettenunion AG
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Dortmund Hoerder Huettenunion AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum

Definitions

  • HARDERS March 22, 1960 METHODS OF AND APPARATUS FOR DEGASIFYING METALS Filed Jan. 14, 1957 s sheets-sheet 1 ATTNEYS March 22, 1960
  • a vacum vessel provided with an inlet and an outlet pipe in which the metal is degasied in continuous or discontinuous flow is also known but is open to the same objections.
  • two vessels for example two steel-works ladles, are required of which one is filled with the metal to be degasied and the other must contain a smaller quantity of metal which is necessary for the air-tight sealing of the outlet pipe.
  • the degasilication of the metal in continuous flow has the disadvantage that in the delivery ladle in which the steel gradually cools towards the end of the charge and tends to freeze, at least the amount of metal necessary for sealing must remain behind and, at the end of the charge, a steel which is not completely degasilied and s mixed with the molten sealing metal is contained in the receiving ladle.
  • the proportion of the melt used for sealing in the receiving ladle is particularly great, because the level of the metal in the ladle must be raised to the level of the metal in the delivery ladle in order to interrupt the ow through the vacum vessel, so that the end of the outlet pipe which has to be sealed can not at the beginning of the process be arranged so as to be near the bottom of the receiving ladle.
  • the invention overcomes the disadvantages of the known apparatus for degasifying molten metal, especially iron and steel melts, in a surprisingly simple manner which is the result of long experiments.
  • the invention is based on the idea that a predetermined amount of metal can be thoroughly degasified if, with reference to the degasifying process, it is not considered as a whole but portions of it are degasilled in succession, these portions being again added to the metal remaining behind as often as is necessary to obtain the desired degree of degasilication of the whole of the metal.
  • the invention relates to a process of degasifying metal melts, for example molten iron and steel, in a vacuum vessel disposed over a container for the molten metal and into which the metal is drawn up through a pipe, degasied and then allowed to run out again.
  • the novel feature of this process is that only a portion of the amount of metal to be degasified which is present in the container, for example a ladle, is introduced each time into the vaccum vessel through the pipe which opens into the vacuum vessel and after the portion has been degasilied is returned through the same pipe to the metal remaining in the container or ladle these operations being repeated a number of times until the whole amount of metal to be treated has reached the desired degree of degasitcation.
  • the filling and emptying of the vacuum vessel in portions can take place most simply by altering the depth to which the pipe dips into the metal.
  • either the vacuum vessel or a container arranged below it for the metal melt is so arranged that their distance apart can be periodically varied.
  • An installation having a fixed vacuum vessel which is charged from a truck having a platform of which the height is adjustable and which carries the ladle has proved satisfactory, the ladle filled with the melt to be degasiiied being carried on the platform.
  • the vacuum pumps When the vacuum vessel is lilled and emptied in portions by altering the depth to which its pipe extends into the container, the vacuum pumps effects degasication continuously. There may, however, be some condi.- tions when this is not desired.
  • a stationary vacuum vessel which is charged from a simple truck carrying a ladle can also be lilled and emptied with portions, the pressure in the vacuum chamber being periodically altered, for example, by admitting gas before the chamber is emptied.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show similar views of the apparatus under different conditions
  • Figure 4 is a diagram how the degasiiication process proceeds.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram to explain some experiments with a model.
  • the apparatus consists of a lixed vacuum vessel 1 which is mounted on a platform B.
  • the vacuum vessel is lined with refractory brick-Work 2 and is enclosed air-tightly by a metal jacket 3.
  • the etiective space 4 within the Vessel may be relatively small.
  • a pipe 6 which is lined on the inside with refractory brick-work 5 opens into the bottom of the vessel l.
  • the end of the pipe is surrounded by refractory brickwork 7 and a conical sheet metal body S is placed on the end of the pipe, the object of the body 8 being to displace to the side any slag on the surface of the steel melt S when the pipe 6 is introduced into the melt.
  • a pump 9 is mounted on the platform B beside the vacuum vessel 4 and is connected by a pipe 10 to the space 4 within the vacuum vessel.
  • the metal to be degasied is brought to the vacuum vessel 1 on a truck 11.
  • a ladle 12 containing the melt stands on a platform 13 which can be raised and lowered by a hydraulic cylinder 14.
  • Figure 1 shows the positreatment.
  • beginning ofthe vacuum Figure 2 shows the conditions afterY a vacuum has been established in the chamber 4 of the vessely 1 and the ladle lzlstanding on the platform 13 ofthe truck 1t has been raised, so that the pipe 6 is immersed more deeply in the molten steel S.
  • the conical body 8 shown Vin Figure l has meanwhile been melted and a part of the steel content of the ladle has been Vraised about 1.4 m. by the atmospheric pressure.
  • the space inside' the vacuum vessel is thenrlilled to ther extent Yindicated .in
  • the molten Ymetal to be treated can also be alloyed.
  • the vacuum vessel l is provided with, for example, a sluice-like container, which is not illustrated in the drawing, Lfrom which the alloying medium can be introduced into the vessel. .v
  • a discontinuous' process for the degasii'ication of molten metals comprisingfmaintaining a substantially constant, subatmospheric pressure in a vacuum zone provided with a'molten metal interconnecting passageway, maintaining a bath of molten metal in adjustable relationship with respect toY said zone, Yiiowing said metal into said zone by immersing said lpassageway in said bath and reducing the distance between said zone and said bath to such an extent that onlya portion of the metal is drawn into said vacuum zone, degasifying said Vvmetal portion in said zone by the application of said Asubstantially constant, subatmospheric pressure thereto, increasing the distance betweensaid bath andk saidrzone to discharge the degasied metal portion.V from said zone to said bath, and successivelyrepeating the steps of decreasing and increasing the distance tetweeu said bath bath is brought to 2.
  • a discontinuous process for the degasitication of molten metals comprising maintaining a bath of molten metal in a position to Vberraised andl lowered, maintaintimes the ⁇ liquid in the stream is still in the lower part f of the vessel, as shown in Figure 5b. If later the lowering of the vessel is accelerated and,V therefore, the kinetic energy of the' stream of liquid'owing out is increased, as shown in Figures 5c-5e, a vigorous mixing of the liquid in the receiving vessel takes" place.
  • a vessel having only one molten metal receiving and discharging passageway, a lining of refractory brick-work in said vessel, said vessel and said container being in communication through only a single, downwardly extending pipe of which one end opens into said vessel and the opposite free end extends into the container for the metal to be degasied, said pipe being made of refractory brick-work and enclosed by a metal jacket and an outer ring of refractory materials protecting the lower end of said pipe, said pipe having a conical body of metal attached to the free end thereof, said body of metal being adapted to push aside the slag when said pipe is introduced into the molten metal in said container, and means ⁇ to alternately Iincrease and decrease the distance between said vessel and said container, whereby said molten metal is sequentially degasified in portions.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US633971A 1956-01-17 1957-01-14 Methods of and apparatus for degasifying metals Expired - Lifetime US2929704A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE346230X 1956-01-17
DE270256X 1956-02-27

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CH (1) CH346230A (de)
GB (1) GB801518A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991063A (en) * 1958-03-28 1961-07-04 Int Alloys Ltd Apparatus for the continuous vacuum treatment of metals
US3071458A (en) * 1960-05-09 1963-01-01 Finkl & Sons Co Method of adding charge material to molten metal under vacuum
US3136834A (en) * 1957-02-21 1964-06-09 Heraeus Gmbh W C Apparatus for continuously degassing molten metals by evacuation
US3240588A (en) * 1961-01-09 1966-03-15 Finkl & Sons Co Method and apparatus for treating molten metal
US3246889A (en) * 1961-05-16 1966-04-19 Mc Graw Edison Co Apparatus for degassing metals
US3314669A (en) * 1961-12-06 1967-04-18 Hoerder Huettenunion Ag Vacuum chambers for degasifying metal melts
US3337330A (en) * 1964-08-14 1967-08-22 Finkl & Sons Co Treatment of molten metal
US3501289A (en) * 1965-06-09 1970-03-17 Finkl & Sons Co Method and apparatus for adding heat to molten metal under vacuum
US3592456A (en) * 1970-01-30 1971-07-13 Louis F Miklos Slag breaker shield for degassing apparatus
US4739975A (en) * 1985-11-05 1988-04-26 Foseco International Limited Continuous casting device
US5811023A (en) * 1995-07-27 1998-09-22 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Molten metal continuous casting process
US5917115A (en) * 1997-05-15 1999-06-29 Sms Vacmetal, Gmbh Apparatus for and method of treating liquid metal

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1154818B (de) * 1959-04-25 1963-09-26 Dortmunder Hoerder Huettenunio Vakuumkammer zum Entgasen schmelzfluessiger Metalle

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1916042A (en) * 1932-05-20 1933-06-27 Louis C Edgar Apparatus for treating ingots
US1921060A (en) * 1931-03-23 1933-08-08 Clyde E Williams Method of purifying metals
US1931144A (en) * 1930-10-10 1933-10-17 Du Pont Treatment of metals
AT138020B (de) * 1933-07-19 1934-06-25 Berndorfer Metallwarenfabrik Verfahren und Vorrichtung, um Metallbäder zu entgasen.
US2587793A (en) * 1949-04-05 1952-03-04 Waldron Frederic Barnes Manufacture of steel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1931144A (en) * 1930-10-10 1933-10-17 Du Pont Treatment of metals
US1921060A (en) * 1931-03-23 1933-08-08 Clyde E Williams Method of purifying metals
US1916042A (en) * 1932-05-20 1933-06-27 Louis C Edgar Apparatus for treating ingots
AT138020B (de) * 1933-07-19 1934-06-25 Berndorfer Metallwarenfabrik Verfahren und Vorrichtung, um Metallbäder zu entgasen.
US2587793A (en) * 1949-04-05 1952-03-04 Waldron Frederic Barnes Manufacture of steel

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3136834A (en) * 1957-02-21 1964-06-09 Heraeus Gmbh W C Apparatus for continuously degassing molten metals by evacuation
US2991063A (en) * 1958-03-28 1961-07-04 Int Alloys Ltd Apparatus for the continuous vacuum treatment of metals
US3071458A (en) * 1960-05-09 1963-01-01 Finkl & Sons Co Method of adding charge material to molten metal under vacuum
US3240588A (en) * 1961-01-09 1966-03-15 Finkl & Sons Co Method and apparatus for treating molten metal
US3246889A (en) * 1961-05-16 1966-04-19 Mc Graw Edison Co Apparatus for degassing metals
US3314669A (en) * 1961-12-06 1967-04-18 Hoerder Huettenunion Ag Vacuum chambers for degasifying metal melts
US3337330A (en) * 1964-08-14 1967-08-22 Finkl & Sons Co Treatment of molten metal
US3501289A (en) * 1965-06-09 1970-03-17 Finkl & Sons Co Method and apparatus for adding heat to molten metal under vacuum
US3592456A (en) * 1970-01-30 1971-07-13 Louis F Miklos Slag breaker shield for degassing apparatus
US4739975A (en) * 1985-11-05 1988-04-26 Foseco International Limited Continuous casting device
US5811023A (en) * 1995-07-27 1998-09-22 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Molten metal continuous casting process
US5894880A (en) * 1995-07-27 1999-04-20 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh Molten metal continuous casting process
US5917115A (en) * 1997-05-15 1999-06-29 Sms Vacmetal, Gmbh Apparatus for and method of treating liquid metal

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Publication number Publication date
GB801518A (en) 1958-09-17
CH346230A (de) 1960-05-15

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