US2968577A - Method and apparatus for polishing metals - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for polishing metals Download PDF

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US2968577A
US2968577A US595792A US59579256A US2968577A US 2968577 A US2968577 A US 2968577A US 595792 A US595792 A US 595792A US 59579256 A US59579256 A US 59579256A US 2968577 A US2968577 A US 2968577A
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polishing
aluminum
wet
dry
polished
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Helling Werner
Neunzig Heinrich
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Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
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Vereinigte Aluminium Werke AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
    • C23G1/22—Light metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes

Definitions

  • FIG. 2 H 5 I I I II E 6 iiiliiiZQllQfQQf F 6 .3
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for polishing metals, and more particularly it relates to a method and apparatus for forming a stable glossy surface on metal bodies, especially on metal bodies consisting of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
  • Metal bodies of aluminum or aluminum alloys, or bodies of other metals or their alloys are frequently provided with a glossy surface which is made resistant against mechanical and chemical attacks by being covered with a transparent protective layer.
  • the thus-achieved improvement in the appearance of the metallic surface has opened many new uses especially for aluminum.
  • the present invention consists in a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys, comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing the body with a polishing paste, treating the dry-polished body at a temperature of between 40 and 70 with a pickling solution essentially consisting of an aqueous solution of between 5 and 20% by weight of sodium hydroxide, subsequently wet polishing the body with a polishing fluid comprising a supension of particles of hydrate of alumina in a liquid medium, at least 40% of the particles having the size of less than 5 microns and substantially all of the particles having a size of less than microns, while cooling the polishing fluid so as to maintain the same at a predetermined relatively low temperature, the polishing fluid being applied to the surface of the body with a rotating polishing member at least the working surface of which consists essentially of a porous plastic material belonging to the group consisting of natural and synthetic rubbers, vis
  • the present invention also contemplates in a polishing apparatus adapted to wet-polish the surface of a metal body, a polishing member having a working surface consisting of a porous plastic material.
  • the dry polishing with or without polishing paste causes the formation of a diificultly soluble surface layer which probably consists of partly dehydrated aluminum oxide hydrates such as Boehmite, which layer furthermore is usually contaminated. with rubbed off aluminum particles.
  • This cover layer impairs the quality of the polished surface and is also the cause for a' dulling or clouding of subsequently applied oxide layers such as are formed by an anodizing process.
  • the customary pre-treatment of the aluminum or aluminum alloy surface prior to application of the anodic oxidation layer with degreasing agents does not remove the above described surface layer. Chemical or anodic methods to obtain a glossy surface will strip-otf the layer formed during the dry polishing, however, the above described disadvantages limit the usefulness of such chemical or anodic methods in the case of bodies made of aluminum or aluminum alloys of low purity.
  • the surface layer which is formed during the dry polishing is removed by using suitable pickling solutions, and the required smoothing of the surface is completed by a subsequent wet-polishing step in which also any dulling of the surface caused by the pickling step is eliminated.
  • the method of the present invention avoids the disadvantages experienced in the anodic or chemical treatment of aluminum and aluminum alloy bodies especially such of relatively low aluminum purity.
  • pickling solutions according to the present invention may be used the pickling solutions known in the art for the pickling of aluminum, for instance sodium hydrox ide, and for the wet-polishing, excellent results have been obtained with polishing agents such as particles of hydrated alumina suspended in a liquid medium such as water.
  • polishing agents such as particles of hydrated alumina suspended in a liquid medium such as water.
  • the particles of hydrated alumina have a size of less than 75 microns, and preferably at least 40% of the particles have a size of less than 5 microns.
  • the temperature of the polishing fluid rises during circulation of the same and, in order to maintain the temperature relatively low, in the neighborhood of room temperature it is preferred to cool the polishing fluid.
  • the polishing fluid also contains substances which will increase the viscosity of the fluid and which will improve its wetting action.
  • substances which will increase the viscosity of the polishing fluid for increasing the viscosity of the polishing fluid, mucilage or water soluble cellulose derivatives may be incorporated in the polishing fluid, and as wetting agents small quantities of sulfonates may be added.
  • customary washing and cleansing steps have to be arranged for removal and/ or neutralization of the various treatmentsolutions such as the pickling solution and the polishing fluid.
  • glossy surfaces are to be formed on aluminum or aluminum alloy bodies which have been pre-treated by rolling operations or the like, i.e., when glossy surfaces are to be formed on foils, bands, sheets, wires or profiles obtained by rolling or extrusion processes, that is on bodies which already have been exposed to the equivalent of dry polishing during the preceding manufacturing steps, or when a glossy surface is to be obtained on a casting, the surface of which has already been smoothened during the casting process such as frequently is the case with articles obtained by chill casting, it is not necessary to dry polish the aluminum or aluminum alloy body.
  • the above described first step of the method of the present invention which consists in a dry polishing of the aluminum or aluminum alloy body may be omitted.
  • the aluminum or aluminum alloy bodies which already possess a relatively smooth surface are treated with a pickling solution in a manner known in the art, for instance preferably in an alkaline pickling solution, and are subsequently polished with a suspension of suitable solid polishing particles in a liqiud medium.
  • a pickling solution in a manner known in the art, for instance preferably in an alkaline pickling solution, and are subsequently polished with a suspension of suitable solid polishing particles in a liqiud medium.
  • a transparent protective cover layer in known mannor for instance with an anodically produced oxide layer, or with a lacquer coating.
  • the aluminum body is pickled, wet-polished and subsequently provided with a suitable transparent protective layer in one continuous process, for instance on a conveyor belt line.
  • the necessary washing and cleaning baths are arranged so that the foil, wire or the like passes through such washing or cleaning bath between successive processsteps.
  • the time required for the wet-polishing of sheets, bands or profiles obtained in a rolling mill operation and the like can be shortened by smoothing the sur-- face of these aluminum or aluminum alloy bodies prior to the wet-polishing of the same by rolling between polished steel rollers.
  • the liquid medium may also be a liquid other than water.
  • polishing wheels or bands which have at least a working surface made of porous plastic materials.
  • Elastomers such as natural or synthetic rubber, viscose, urea or phenolic resins, polyurethanes, polystyrenes, polyvinyl chlorides and others may be employed.
  • the polishing wheels or bands or other polishing members may be formed completely of such porous plastic materials or may be entirely or in part covered with thesame. Preferably, materials having open pores of a size between and 1,000 microns are used.
  • a further advantage of employing such porous elastomers consists in the reduction of the required speed of the wheels or hands as compared with the speed required when using the customary felt or cloth polishing members. Consequently the centrifugal forces are less, the polishing liquid is absorbed into the pores of the polishing member and retained therein without being spun off in large quantities due to excessive centrifugal forces.
  • the disk or wheels made of such synthetic or natural elastomers, or at least having working surfaces covered with the same absorb the polishing fluid and retain a large portion of the same, since the centrifugal forces, due to the slow surface speed do not cause any spinningofl of polishing fluid. It is a further advantage of the polishing members according to the present invention that the metal or metal alloy body which is to be polished can be strongly pressed onto the working surface of the disk which can be formed of commensurate width. Thereby the metal body will partially be embedded into the surface of the plastic porous disk under temporary deformation of the disk.
  • polishing disk acts on a larger portion of the surface of the metal body.
  • polishing fluid is for all practical purposes retained in the porous plastic wheel and is not spun-off.
  • the surface speed or rim speed of polishing wheels or hands made of porous elastomers can be as low as between 2 and 3 meters per second. At such low speed many of the dangers which otherwise exist when polishing uneven bodies are avoided. Customary polishing disks having textile covered working surfaces or polishing bands of customary textile material have to be operated with considerably higher speeds such as speeds of between 20 and 30 meters per second since otherwise the polishing effect can not be obtained.
  • the danger as is well known, consists in the possibility that the metal body may attach itself to the fast moving polishing member and may then be thrown off the same. Consequently the low speed porous plastic polishing wheels or bands according to the present invention are especially suitable for polishing metal bodies of complicated uneven configuration.
  • polishing members of the present invention which have at least working surfaces made of porous natural or synthetic elastomers.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic elevational view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic elevational view of another embodiment of an apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is still another schematic elevational view of a different embodiment of the present invention.
  • a motor 1 is shown driving a shaft 2.
  • a polishing wheel 3 having an outer working portion 4, the working surface of which will come in contact with the metal body to be polished.
  • Working portions 4 of polishing member 3 is made of a porous plastic material adapted to apply a polishing fluid to the metal body. Polishing fluid squeezed out of the porous plastic working portion of polishing member 3 is collected in a vessel 5 and pumped by pump 6 through conduit 7, from the open end of which the polishing fluid is again introduced to the porous plastic working portion 4 of polishing member 3. The polishing fluid, while passing through conduit 7 is cooled by cooling means 8.
  • the different embodiment shown in Fig. 2 includes a hollow shaft 11 on which is mounted a polishing wheel 12 which is made entirely of a porous plastic material. Brackets 13 are provided for giving additional support to polishing member or wheel 12. Polishing fluid is pumped through conduit 14 into hollow shaft 11 and enters the porous plastic polishing wheel 12 through hollow shaft 11. Polishing fluid squeezed off the working surface of polishing wheel 12 when the same is in contact with a metal body to be polished, is collected in vessel 5 from where it flows to pump 6 for being recirculated through conduit 14. Cooling means 8 are provided for controlling the temperature of the polishing fluid.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 by having a polishing band 21 provided with a working portion 22 formed of a porous plastic material.
  • the operation of the apparatus of the present invention may for instance be as follows:
  • a disk made of finely porous polyurethane, having a Width of about mm. and a diameter of about 300 mm. is mounted on a grinding head in a manner similar to the mounting of a grinding wheel.
  • the pores of the polyurethane wheel preferably have a size of between 100 and 1,000 microns.
  • the polyurethane polishing Wheel is mounted on a shaft by means of two lateral brackets preferably made of wood, hard rubber or a suitable strong synthetic material and having rounded edges. The polishing wheel is rotated with about turns per minute corresponding to a peripheral velocity of about 2.5 meters per second.
  • the wheel is completely saturated with polishing fluid consisting for instance of a suspension of aluminum oxide hydrate or alumina in water to which a small quantity of a commercial wetting agent has been added.
  • polishing fluid consisting for instance of a suspension of aluminum oxide hydrate or alumina in water to which a small quantity of a commercial wetting agent has been added.
  • the metal bodies to be polished are firmly pressed against the polishing wheel so that they penetrate to some extent into the resilient working surface thereof. Thereby polishing fluid is pressed out of the polishing wheel and due to the low velocity remains for a short period of time on the surface of the metal body from which the fluid slowly drops into a collecting vessel. It should be noted that due to the low velocity and correspondingly small centrifugal force, the polishing fluid is not spun-off the polishing Wheel. Consequently it is not necessary to provide bufler sheets or other protective devices to catch polishing fluid spraying off the apparatus.
  • the polishing fluid dropping from the metal body is collected and returned to the polishing wheel as indicated in the description of the drawing.
  • the porous plastic materials of which the entire polishing Wheel may be formed are also well suited for conducting the polishing fluid to the working surface of the polishing wheel, for instance by providing a hollow shaft on which the polishing Wheel is mounted and through which the polishing fluid is supplied. This has been illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the polishing fluid may also be pressed into the small intervening space between several polishing wheels which are mounted next to each other. In this manner, too, the polishing fluid can be supplied to the working surface of the polishing Wheel.
  • a polishing paste consisting of 66mm of finely subdivided alumina, 26 parts of stearin, 6 parts montan wax, and 2 parts of petroleum jelly was used to dry polish a metal body with a flexible polishing wheel made of nettle cloth and having a diameter of 300 millimeters and a width of 40 millimeters. The dry polishing was executed at a circumferential speed of 50 meters per second for a period of 2 minutes.
  • polishing fluid was sprayed onto the polishing wheel. Wet polishing was carried out for a period of 10 minutes. Thereafter the metal bodies were sprayed with water.
  • the polishing fluid used was identical to the one described under C above.
  • Thepolishing wheel was made of finely porous polyurethane (Moltopren 0.055 blue, thickness 10 centimeters).
  • the wheel had a diameter of 300 millimeters and a width of 100 millimeters and was mounted on a grinding head in a similar manner as a grinding wheel.
  • the wheel was rotated with 160 revolutions per minute, corresponding to a circumferential speed of about 2.5 meters per second.
  • the wheel was completely saturated with polishing fluid, the polishing fluid which dropped off the wheel and/ or the metal body was caught and recirculated to the polishing wheel. Polishing was carried out for 4 minutes.
  • the metal bodies were cleaned by spraying with water.
  • LACQUER COATING sequently rinsed with water and then neutralized by being immersed for a short period of time in 20% aqueous
  • Percent Percent 1--.- Al-Mg allov including 0.01% Cu, 0.011% Normal commercial sheet with cold rolled A; B (10% NaOH, 0., 30 sec.); 70.3 82.4
  • wet polishing fluid can also be used for instance a liquid consisting of: 1 part by volume of Menzerna- Polishing Emulsion V, 2 parts by volume water, with an addition of grams of Tylose SL 400 (oxymethylethyl cellulose) per liter of the above mixture.
  • foam material made of viscose foam material made of polystyrene
  • foam material made under the trade name Poramol foam material made under the trade name Poramol. While it is preferred to use porous plastic materials having pores the size of which is between 100 and 1000 microns, good results have also been obtained with the above-mentioned three foam materials when the size of the pores was increased up to 1.5 millimeters.
  • Example 2 normal commercial sheets of aluminum magnesium alloy will show a specular reflection of 63.0% and a total reflection of 81.0%.
  • Example 7 sheets of an aluminum magnesium alloy made with high purity aluminum will, under such conditions, show a specular reflection of 41.2% and a total reflection of 81.2%.
  • treated workpieces of aluminum magnesium alloy obtained by chill casting Example show a specular reflection of 43.0% and a total reflection of 77.0%.
  • Example 9 Aluminum sheets which after pickling were dry polished and anodically oxidized (Example 9) show in comparison with dry polished, pickled and anodically oxidized sheets (Examples 3 and 4) an increase in reflection values to approximately the same values as were obtained with dry polished sheets which were anodically oxidized without pickling (Examples 7 and 15). According to Example 2 a specular reflection of 40.2% and a total reflection of 79.2% are obtained with aluminum magnesiurn alloy sheets made of high purity aluminum which are first pickled, then dry polished and subsequently anodically oxidized.
  • sium alloy with high purity aluminum 12...- Dry polishing, pick- Commercial alumi- 79. 6 89. 9
  • porous plastic polishing members of the present invention is, however, not limited to aluminum and aluminum alloy surfaces. Substantial improvements are achieved on metal and metal alloy surfaces other than aluminum and aluminum alloys.
  • D wet polished with porous plastic polishing wheel
  • F lacquered
  • the wet polished brass sheet surface was lacquered with a colorless Zapon lacquer which caused an expected drop in reflection values, irrespective of whether the sheets had been Wet polished with porous plastic or textile polishing members.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body While the same is substantially free of said surface oxide; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body with a polishing paste; treating said dry-polished body with an alkaline pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys in the indicated sequence, the steps of treating said body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; and mechanically Wet polishing said body while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of solid particles in a liquid medium, said polishing fluid being applied to the surface of said body with a continuously moving carrier member at least the working surface of which consists essentially of a soft resilient porous plastic material adapted to apply said polishing fluid to said surface of said body.
  • a method of forming a glossy surface on a body 'of a'substance belonging to thegroup consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys in the indicated sequence, the steps of treating said body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; and mechanically wet polishing said body while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of solid particles in a liquid medium, said polishing fluid being applied to the surface of said body with a continuously moving carrier member at least the working surface of which consists essentially of a soft resilient porous plastic material belonging to the group consisting of natural and synthetic rubbers, viscose, urea resins, phenolic resins, polyurethanes, polystyrenes and-polyvinyl chlorides, said polishing member being adapted to apply said polishing fluid to said surface of said body.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body at a temperature of between about 40 and 70 C. with a pickling solution essentially consisting of an aqueous solution of between about 5 and 20% by weight of sodium hydroxide to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of solid polishing particles in a liquid medium, while cooling said polishing fluid while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently Wet mechanically polishing said body with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of particles of hydrate of alumina in a liquid medium while the same is substantially free of vsaid surface oxide; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with .a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of particles of hydrate of alumina in a liquid medium, at least 40% of said particles having a size of less than 5 microns and substantially all of said particles having a size of less than 75 microns; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting'of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of surface oxide with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of solid polishing particles in a liquid medium and a substance adapted to increase the viscosity of said polishing fluid; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said Wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of surface oxide with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of solid polishing particles in a liquid medium and a wetting agent; and forming a transparent protective cover lawer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently Wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of surface oxide with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of solid polishing particles in a liquid medium, said polishing fluid being applied to the surface of said body with a rotating carrier member at least the working surface of which consists essentially of a soft resilient porous plastic material adapted to apply said polishing fluid to the surface of said body, said working surface of said carrier member rotating at a peripheral speed of about 2.5 meters per second; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of surface oxide with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of solid polishing particles in a liquid medium, said polishing fluid being applied to the surface of said body with a rotating carrier member at least the working surface of which consists essentially of a soft resilient porous plastic material belonging to the group consisting of natural and synthetic rubbers, viscose, urea resins, phenolic resins, polyurethanes, polystyrenes and polyvinyl chlorides, said rotating wheel being adapted to apply said polishing fluid to the surface of said body; and forming a transparent protective cover layer on said wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide; and anodizing said thus wet polished body thereby forming a transparent protective oxide layer thereon, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body; treating said dry-polished body with a pickling solution to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide, and forming a transparent protective lacquer layer on said thus Wet-polished body, whereby a stable glossy surface is formed thereon.
  • a method of forming a stable glossy surface on a body of a substance belonging to the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys comprising in the indicated sequence, the steps of dry polishing said body with a polishing paste; treating said dry-polished body at a temperature of betwen 40 and with a pickling so lution essentially consisting of an aqueous solution of between 5 and 20% by Weight of sodium hydroxide to remove surface oxide; subsequently wet mechanically polishing said body while the same is substantially free of said surface oxide with a polishing fluid comprising a suspension of particles of hydrate of alumina in a liquid medium, at least 40% of said particles having a size of less than 5 microns and substantially all of said particles having a size of less than microns, while cooling said polishing fluid so as to maintain the same at a predetermined relatively low temperature, said polishing fluid being applied to the surface of said body with a rotating carrier member at least the working surface of which consists essentially of a soft resilient porous plastic material belonging to the group consisting of

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
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US595792A 1955-07-08 1956-07-03 Method and apparatus for polishing metals Expired - Lifetime US2968577A (en)

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DEV9170A DE1009884B (de) 1955-07-08 1955-07-08 Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung von Werkstuecken aus Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen zur Herstellung hochglaenzender, anodisch oxydierter Oberflaechen

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US3850589A (en) * 1959-05-15 1974-11-26 Sherwin Williams Co Grinding tool having a rigid and dimensionally stable resin binder
US4388159A (en) * 1981-05-18 1983-06-14 Borg-Warner Corporation Surface preparation of aluminum articles
US4428777A (en) 1981-03-14 1984-01-31 Durr-Dental Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for cleaning transport rolls of film developing apparatus
EP0100171A3 (de) * 1982-07-08 1985-08-28 Hoklykem Holdings Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen und Behandeln
EP0121707A3 (en) * 1983-03-10 1985-10-09 International Business Machines Corporation Method for polishing amorphous aluminum oxide
US4560586A (en) * 1982-01-18 1985-12-24 Carl Kurt Walther Gmbh & Co. Kg Process of deburring moldings made from granular material
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US20020173247A1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-11-21 Hyatt Gregory A. Machining device and methods
US20050159087A1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2005-07-21 Hans-Joachim Bartz Method for the creation of highly lustrous surfaceson aluminum workpieces

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DE1151707B (de) 1958-09-19 1963-07-18 Werner Helling Dr Ing Verfahren zum chemischen Glaetten von Metallgegenstaenden

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US2222562A (en) * 1939-02-13 1940-11-19 Sno Flake Products Company Finishing coated metal surfaces
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US2650901A (en) * 1949-06-08 1953-09-01 Horst Corp Of America V D Electroplating on aluminum
US2630658A (en) * 1950-06-02 1953-03-10 Pilkington Brothers Ltd Apparatus for simultaneously polishing both faces of a moving ribbon of glass
US2683113A (en) * 1951-01-16 1954-07-06 Gen Motors Corp Method of finishing ice trays
US2663127A (en) * 1952-09-13 1953-12-22 Bausch & Lomb Abradant supplying means
US2764856A (en) * 1953-01-15 1956-10-02 Wilbur L Steen Polishing wheel and means for delivering abrasive thereto
US2739429A (en) * 1954-06-14 1956-03-27 Osborn Mfg Co Rotary brush

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3850589A (en) * 1959-05-15 1974-11-26 Sherwin Williams Co Grinding tool having a rigid and dimensionally stable resin binder
US3321287A (en) * 1964-07-20 1967-05-23 A P De Sanno & Son Inc Method of impregnating lubricant into abrasive wheels
US4428777A (en) 1981-03-14 1984-01-31 Durr-Dental Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for cleaning transport rolls of film developing apparatus
US4388159A (en) * 1981-05-18 1983-06-14 Borg-Warner Corporation Surface preparation of aluminum articles
US4560586A (en) * 1982-01-18 1985-12-24 Carl Kurt Walther Gmbh & Co. Kg Process of deburring moldings made from granular material
EP0100171A3 (de) * 1982-07-08 1985-08-28 Hoklykem Holdings Limited Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen und Behandeln
EP0121707A3 (en) * 1983-03-10 1985-10-09 International Business Machines Corporation Method for polishing amorphous aluminum oxide
US4800101A (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-01-24 Knauer Allen R Method for restoring and maintaining metal markers
US20020173247A1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-11-21 Hyatt Gregory A. Machining device and methods
US20050159087A1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2005-07-21 Hans-Joachim Bartz Method for the creation of highly lustrous surfaceson aluminum workpieces

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Publication number Publication date
CH344603A (de) 1960-02-15
DE1009884B (de) 1957-06-06

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