US2970166A - Preparation of trimethyl phosphite and triethyl phosphite - Google Patents

Preparation of trimethyl phosphite and triethyl phosphite Download PDF

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Publication number
US2970166A
US2970166A US847469A US84746959A US2970166A US 2970166 A US2970166 A US 2970166A US 847469 A US847469 A US 847469A US 84746959 A US84746959 A US 84746959A US 2970166 A US2970166 A US 2970166A
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phosphite
methanol
reaction zone
trimethyl
aryl
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US847469A
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English (en)
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Rosin Jacob
Oscar G Birsten
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Montrose Chemical Corp
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Montrose Chemical Corp
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Priority to US847469A priority Critical patent/US2970166A/en
Priority to CH1015060A priority patent/CH387005A/de
Priority to DEM46622A priority patent/DE1168407B/de
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Publication of US2970166A publication Critical patent/US2970166A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
    • C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
    • C07F9/141—Esters of phosphorous acids
    • C07F9/142—Esters of phosphorous acids with hydroxyalkyl compounds without further substituents on alkyl

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for producing tri methyl phosphite and triethyl phosphite.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process for production of a lower alkyl phosphite in Which a catalyst is used effectively.
  • the invention is based on the discovery that triarylphosphites, such as triphenyl phosphite, tricresylphosphites, trixylenyl phosphites, can be easily transesterified by methanol and ethanol. While transesterification of aryl phosphites by high boiling alcohols such as glycols, for example, is known. the transesterification of the aryl phosphites by methanol and ethanol was unexpected.
  • triarylphosphites such as triphenyl phosphite, tricresylphosphites, trixylenyl phosphites
  • the transesterification takes place even at low temperatures, such as 25", without use of a catalyst.
  • the rate of reaction can be greatly increased by the use of a suitable catalyst, while side reactions leading to formation of phosphonates and dialkylphosphites are reduced or eliminated.
  • a catalyst one can use any alkaline transesterification catalyst such as calcium oxide, lead oxide, or the alkali metal salt of an alcohol or a phenol.
  • triaryl phosphites Since the preparation of triaryl phosphites does not require any acceptor for hydrogen chloride, one can prepare trimethyl and triethyl phosphite in a simple manner and in practically a quantitative yield. In most of the examples below, the transesterification was run under vacuum. To be effective, the transesterification reaction is best carried on at a temperature above the boiling point of trimethyl phosphite or triethyl phosphite, respectively. If this is not observed, the concentration of trialkyl phosphite in the distillate becomes very small. At atmospheric conditions, this means that relatively high temperatures must be employed which, in turn, diminish the yield by formation of phosphonates and dia lkyl phosphites as by products. However, this does not mean that the scope of the invention is limited to sub-atmospheric pressures.
  • Example 1 To 373 g. (1 mole) of tricresyl phosphite (prepared from commercial cresol-xylenol mixture of average molecular weight 115), a solution of 1.5 g. Na dissolved in 25 g. of methanol were added and heated to 50 C. A vacuum of 20 mm. was then applied to the flask and 300 g. of methanol were introduced slowly at the bottom of the flask while maintaining vacuum and temperature as indicated above, and condensing the distillate. The weight of the distillate obtained was 290 g. and the assay of the distillate was 70% methanol and 30% trimethyl phosphite; this corresponds to 70% of theory based on tricresyl phosphite.
  • Example 2 To 310 g. (1 mole) triphenyl phosphite was added 1 g. Na. metal in 30 g. methanol. The mixture was heated to 130 at atmospheric pressure and methanol slowly introduced at the bottom of the flask while maintaining abovementioned temperature and collecting the distillate. After collecting 337 g. distillate assaying 24.5% trimethyl phosphite (corresponding to 65.7% of theory based on triphenyl phosphite), the distillation was interrupted and the phenol and uncoverted triphenyl phosphite were separated and recovered.
  • the trimethyl phosphite obtained in the distillate, as described in Examples 1 and 2, can be separated from the methanol by various methods. We have found that fractionation in a multiplate column is a good method provided the trimethyl phosphite is protected from decomposition. We have found that the presence of a small amount of the alkali metal alcoholate or phenylate provides stabilization of the trimethyl phosphite during distillation.
  • the addition of the alkali metal catalyst is also important in preservation of alcohol-trialkyl phosphite mixture from the time this is obtained as a transesterification distillate until the pure trialkyl phosphite is isolated. Without the alkaline stabilizer, the trialkyl phosphite content of the mixture diminishes relatively rapidly even at room temperature.
  • Example 3 Tricresyl phosphite containing 1.2% Na-cresylate as catalyst was introduued at the top of a column having four theoretical plates. The column was maintained at C. under a mm. vacuum. Methanol vapors were introduced at the bottom of the column at a rate of 72.5 weight parts of methanol per 100 Weight part of tricresyl phosphite (the latter was prepared from a commercial cresylic acid of average molecular weight of The average residence time in the column was ninety minutes.
  • the transesterification under these conditions was practically quantitative (98% to 99% of theory).
  • the methanol-trimethyl phosphite vapors collected at the top of the column equilibrate at concentrations as high as 44% trimethyl phosphite and are condensed in a brine cooled condenser (brine temperature 0 or below).
  • the eflluent leaving the bottom of the column consisted of cresol containing about methanol, between 0.3 and 0.5% trimethyl phosphite and intermediary methyl cresylphosphites and between 0.4 and 1% unconverted tricresyl phosphite. After topping oif methanol, the cresol can either be distilled or water washed and dried; it is then ready for reaction with PCl to form tricresyl phosphite.
  • the methanol-trimethyl phosphite fraction was dis 'tilled in a 30-plate column in the presence of 0.1% Na in the form of sodium methylate.
  • the methanol forerun containing up to 8% trimethyl phosphite was recirculated to the bottom of the transesterification column together with fresh methanol vapors.
  • the trimethyl phosphite was collected as the main run while a small amount of residue (methyl cresyl phosphites) was joined with tricresyl phosphite entering the top of the transesterification column.
  • Example 4 Ethanol was introduced into a flask containing 1 mole of tricresyl phosphite containing 1.2% Na cresylate. The system was at 75 C. under a 20 mm. vacuum. After 715 g. ethanol had been introduced, a total of 650 g. distillate containing 11.7% triethyl phosphite was obtained. After fractionating this material (protected by the addition of 0.1% Na in the form of sodium ethylate) in a 20-plate column under slightly reduced pressure, an ethanol forerun containing about 3% triethyl phosphite is obtained followed by a main run of pure triethyl phosphite.
  • a process for producing a lower trialkyl phosphite selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl phosphites comprising continuously adding an alkanol selected from the group consisting of methanol and ethanol to a reaction zone containing an aryl phosphite, said reaction zone being maintained at a temperature above the boiling point of the said alkanol and the trialkyl phosphite but below the boiling point of the aryl phosphite, all boiling points being measured under the conditions of the reaction zone, and continuously removing from said reaction zone a vapor stream containing trialkyl phosphite.
  • a process for producing a lower trialkyl phosphite selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl phosphites comprising continuously adding an alkanol selected from the group consisting of methanol and etha nol to a reaction zone containing an aryl phosphite and an alkaline transesterification catalyst, said reaction zone being maintained at a temperature above the boiling point of the said alkanol and the trialkyl phosphite but below the boiling point of the aryl phosphite, all boiling points being measured under the conditions of the reaction zone, and continuously removing from said reaction zone a vapor stream containing trialkyl phosphite.
  • catalys't' is an alkali metal salt of a compound selected from the group consisting of alcohols and aryl hydroxides.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US847469A 1959-10-20 1959-10-20 Preparation of trimethyl phosphite and triethyl phosphite Expired - Lifetime US2970166A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US847469A US2970166A (en) 1959-10-20 1959-10-20 Preparation of trimethyl phosphite and triethyl phosphite
CH1015060A CH387005A (de) 1959-10-20 1960-09-08 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trimethylphosphit oder Triäthylphosphit
DEM46622A DE1168407B (de) 1959-10-20 1960-09-21 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trimethylphosphit oder Triaethylphosphit

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US847469A US2970166A (en) 1959-10-20 1959-10-20 Preparation of trimethyl phosphite and triethyl phosphite

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3101363A (en) * 1960-08-04 1963-08-20 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for producing tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphite
US3184496A (en) * 1961-02-27 1965-05-18 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for the preparation and recovery of triethyl phosphite and derivatives thereof
US3184495A (en) * 1960-12-23 1965-05-18 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for the preparation and recovery of trimethyl phosphite and derivatives thereof
US3201435A (en) * 1962-01-29 1965-08-17 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for the production of trimethyl phosphite
US3264324A (en) * 1960-09-15 1966-08-02 Union Carbide Corp Phosphonites
US3337657A (en) * 1963-05-31 1967-08-22 Hooker Chemical Corp Preparation of trialkyl phosphites
US3422453A (en) * 1965-05-27 1969-01-14 Hooker Chemical Corp Di-o-biphenylyl diphenyl bisphenol a bis phosphate and process
US3445548A (en) * 1967-08-21 1969-05-20 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for manufacturing trialkyl phosphite
CN105837623A (zh) * 2016-05-04 2016-08-10 辽宁科技学院 一种亚磷酸三乙酯的制备方法

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1075584B (de) * 1960-02-18 Hooker Chemical Corporation, Niagara Falls, N. Y. (V. St. A.) Verfahren zur Herstellung von tertiären aliphatischen Estern der phosphorigen Säure

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3101363A (en) * 1960-08-04 1963-08-20 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for producing tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphite
US3264324A (en) * 1960-09-15 1966-08-02 Union Carbide Corp Phosphonites
US3184495A (en) * 1960-12-23 1965-05-18 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for the preparation and recovery of trimethyl phosphite and derivatives thereof
US3184496A (en) * 1961-02-27 1965-05-18 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for the preparation and recovery of triethyl phosphite and derivatives thereof
US3201435A (en) * 1962-01-29 1965-08-17 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for the production of trimethyl phosphite
US3337657A (en) * 1963-05-31 1967-08-22 Hooker Chemical Corp Preparation of trialkyl phosphites
US3422453A (en) * 1965-05-27 1969-01-14 Hooker Chemical Corp Di-o-biphenylyl diphenyl bisphenol a bis phosphate and process
US3445548A (en) * 1967-08-21 1969-05-20 Hooker Chemical Corp Process for manufacturing trialkyl phosphite
CN105837623A (zh) * 2016-05-04 2016-08-10 辽宁科技学院 一种亚磷酸三乙酯的制备方法
CN105837623B (zh) * 2016-05-04 2018-01-16 辽宁科技学院 一种亚磷酸三乙酯的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH387005A (de) 1965-01-31
DE1168407B (de) 1964-04-23

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