US2972221A - Method of converting individual fibers into coherent fibrous bodies - Google Patents

Method of converting individual fibers into coherent fibrous bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
US2972221A
US2972221A US674430A US67443057A US2972221A US 2972221 A US2972221 A US 2972221A US 674430 A US674430 A US 674430A US 67443057 A US67443057 A US 67443057A US 2972221 A US2972221 A US 2972221A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
dispersion
liquid
channel
fibrous
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Expired - Lifetime
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US674430A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wilke Werner
Fetzer Hans
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Rex Asbestwerke Graf Von Rex KG
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Rex Asbestwerke Graf Von Rex KG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
    • C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D02G3/20—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from asbestos
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/19—Inorganic fiber

Definitions

  • a dispersion of the fibrous material preferably individual asbestos fibers
  • One way of applying this method is to form elongated fibrous bodies, for instance threads, yarn or other strands within which the individual fibers are oriented parallel to the strand axis. Suitable expedients are necessary to achieve this result.
  • the fiber dispersion is passed through an elongated conduit within which the fibers orient themselves parallel to the direction of fiow.
  • This orienting effect is aided by introducing the fiber dispersion, prior to passing it through the preferably vertical or inclined channel outlet portion of the desired crosssectioual shape, into a funnel under formation of a whirling motion. This has the efiect that the fibers, before reaching the forming channel proper, commence to orient themselves in the flow direction.
  • the fibers to be processed possess sufiicient adherence relative to one another, the above-mentioned meansv sufiice to produce satisfactory products. Much better results, however, are obtained, and satisfactory. results are also produced with fibers of lesser or insufiicient mutual adherence, if, according to another feature of the invention, the fiber dispersion is given an addition of a dispersion medium which, by means of a chemical and/or thermal reaction can subsequently be made inactive, for instance by evaporation or disassociation, or which, preferably, can subsequently be convertedinto a binding agent for the fibers.
  • theformed fibrous body when leaving atent 2,972,221 Patented Feb.
  • the forming channel is immediately subjected to the proper chemical and/or thermal reaction.
  • a water soluble fatty-acid soap as an added dispersing medium, the formed body is passed through a bath which contains metal ions, such as an aqueous solution of copper sulfate.
  • a liquid or chemical solution capable of being at least partially hardened by chemical and/or thermal reaction; and we subject the formed body, immediately upon leaving the forming channel, to the proper chemical and/ or thermal treatment, for instance by passing the body through a suitable precipitation bath.
  • the reactive solution acting upon the dispersion medium or the dispersing liquid is supplied through a duct that extends along and around the forming channel. If desired, such reactive solution may be additionally supplied through a further duct extending centrally and longitudinally Within the forming channel.
  • the supply ducts for the reactive liquid are so designed that the formed body enters into contact with the liquid immediately after leaving the forming channel.
  • a dispersion medium to be made inactive by thermal action or when using a dispersing liquid to be solidified thermally, it is preferable, according to another feature of the invention, to pass the formed body, immediately upon its emergence from the forming channel, through a gas chamber, for instance a hot-air shaft, which may also extend about and along the adjacent portion of the forming channel.
  • a gas chamber for instance a hot-air shaft
  • the fiber dispersion as it travels out of the forming channel, is subjected to rotation within a nozzle so as to impart to the fibers the twist required for the production of'yarn.
  • a twisted yarn can be directly taken or drawn from the nozzle.
  • Such fine threads can also besubjected to curling and cutting in order to obtain shorter lengths of thread which are to be fabricated by the conventional spinning processes instead of the individual fibers heretofore used.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically and in section an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a partly sectional View and Fig. 3 a cross section of a somewhat modified apparatus, the cross section of Fig. 3 being taken along the line illll in 2.
  • Figs. 4 to 7 illustrate in section four different modifications respectively of the forming channel and nozzle portion of apparatus otherwise corresponding to Fig. l or 2.
  • the apparatus illustrated in Fig. l is provided with a tank 1 whose bottom portion 2 tapers conically downward and merges with a channel portion 3 which forms the outlet of the tank and has a cross section corresponding to that desired in the fibrous body to be formed.
  • a circular cross section is suitable for the production of thread, yarn or other continuous strands.
  • a watery dispersion of asbestos fibers containing an added dispersion-promoting medium is continuously supplied into the tank 1 and, when passing through the bottom portion 2, becomes progressively compacted and gradually converted to the desired shape.
  • the dispersion-promoting medium is solidified or converted into a binding agent with the result of strengthening and solidifying the fibrous strand 4.
  • a belt conveyor 8 is preferably provided for supporting the strand 4 and transporting it in the desired direction; but in some cases, namely when the strand has suflicient inherent strength, a supporting conveyor 8 need not be used.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 showing an apparatus otherwise similar to that of Fig. 1, the fiber dispersion is supplied into tank'l through a tangential supply duct 9 in the direction of the arrow denoted by 10.
  • a rotating motion represented by an arrow 11, is imparted to the dispersion which aids in aligning the fibers and also imparts a slight twist to the formed fibrous body.
  • the fibrous strand emerging from the' forming channel or nozzle 3 has already somewhat greater strength.
  • the channel portion protruding downwardly from the bottom 2 of the tank has an elongated portion 3a with a nozzlelike taper 3b at its lower end.
  • the channel-nozzle structure is surrounded by a pipe 12 whose lower end projects downwardly beyond the outlet of nozzle 3b and forms a peripheral chamber 13 about the channel structure 3a.
  • Pipe 12 is supplied with the precipitating or otherwise reactive liquid that is to act upon the dispersion medium, the flow direction of the precipitating liquid being indicated by an arrow 14.
  • the former body 4 when emerging from the nozzle outlet is immediately brought into intimate contact with the precipitating liquid and thus becomes solidified and strengthened so that it can be pulled oif over a guide roller 15 and has sufficient strength to be immediately thereafter subjected to a twisting operation as schematically indicated by an arrow 16.
  • the device may be designed on the principle of a waterjet pump so that the precipitating liquid produces enough suction pressure to pull the formed fibrous body out of the nozzle opening.
  • the modification shown in Fig. is similar to that described above with reference to Fig. 4.
  • the nozzle member 30, operating as a forming channel for the fibrous material is surrounded by a pipe 12a forsupplying reactive liquid in the same manner as described with reference to pipe 12 in Fig. 4.
  • another tubular member 17 is disposed centrally within the forming nozzle 3c and is also used for supplying the reactive liquid.
  • the path of the reactive liquid through both tubular member 17 and pipe 12a is indicated in Fig. 5 by broken lines interrupted by crosses.
  • the product made by means of such a device is.
  • hose-shaped and the path' of the fibers forming such hose-shape is indicated by broken-lines interrupted by circles. V
  • the modification shown in Fig. 6 is applicable when using a dispersion medium that is to be made inactive by thermal action or when using a dispersion liquid that is to be solidified thermally.
  • the forming channel consisting of the. nozzle portion 3d opens into a hot-air shaft 18 whose upper portion 19 surrounds the nozzle.
  • forming channel is constituted by an upper portion 3e which is stationary, and alower portion 22 which is revolvable about the axis of the upper portion 3e and comprises a belt sheave 23 or the like member by means of which the portion 22 is kept in continuous rotation during the operation of the device.
  • the sheave member 23 is driven by an endless belt 24 from a driving sheave 25.
  • the rotatable member 22 is sealed against the stationary member 32, for instance by means of grooves Zemachined into the member 3e or with the aid of piston rings seated in such grooves.
  • the fiber dis persion passing from the supply tank through the forming channel in members 32 and 22 partakes in the revolution of the rotating member 22 thus leaving the outlet of member 22 in twisted condition.
  • the rotating fiber mixture After leaving the rotating nozzle, the rotating fiber mixture passes through the chamber 13a of a tubular enclosure 12a corresponding to chamber 13 and enclosure 12 described above with reference to Fig. 4.
  • the precipitating liquid, passing from above through chamber 13a enters into intimate contact with the formed strand of asbestos material and cause it to solidify and strengthen so that the strand 27 can be pulled off, preferably guided by rollers as shown at 2 8.
  • the twisted body of fibrous material leaving the nozzle opening is given a twist of 300 turns per meter.
  • the formed body of dispersed asbestos fibers issuing from the forming channel is immediately subjected to a solidifying process such as effected by the bath 5 in the equipment of Fig. 1 or the liquid supplied through conduits. 12 and 12a in Figs. 4, 5, 7.
  • a solidifying process such as effected by the bath 5 in the equipment of Fig. 1 or the liquid supplied through conduits. 12 and 12a in Figs. 4, 5, 7.
  • the choice of the particular processing agent to be used in each particular case depends upon the character and composition of the dispersing liquid for the fiber mass, as will be more fully understood from the following examples. 7
  • a precipitating bath (at 5, 13) which may consist of anaqueous solution of water-soluble fatty-acid soaps, water-soluble resinates water-soluble alginate s, Water-solublesodium silicates, or highest methylated methyl cellulose.
  • Such compounds efiect precipitation and thus increase the binding ability of the fibers. They are applied singly or in mixture with each other within precipitation baths which preferably contain twoand three-valent metal ions or heavy-metal ions.
  • the dispersing liquid used for the fibers may also consist of the known spinning solutions of cellulosexanthogenate or cellulose solutions, and the formed fibrous body is then passed through a precipitating bath formed of a metal-salt solution such as copper oxide ammonia.
  • a metal-salt solution such as copper oxide ammonia.
  • the method according to the. invention may also be performed by using as the dispersion liquid for the raw fibers such liquids as alkalinesolutions, of proteins, for instance, of casein, albumin, fish protein.
  • .Also applicable as dispersion medium are rubber dispersions and/or dispersions of resinous plastics capable of .coagulating under given conditions. In, such cases the emergingformed fibrous'body is solidified by drying under heat, or bypassing the body through a coagulating acid or metal-salt bath prior to drying.
  • the fiber dispersing medium is a rubber dispersion, a solution of cellulose acetate, a solution or dispersion of synthetic resinous plastics such as of polyvinyl compounds, polyacryl compounds, silicone, polyethylene, polyfiuorethylene, polyamides, polyurethane, polyesters, phenoplasts.
  • synthetic resinous plastics such as of polyvinyl compounds, polyacryl compounds, silicone, polyethylene, polyfiuorethylene, polyamides, polyurethane, polyesters, phenoplasts.
  • the emerging formed fibrous bodies containing such substances can be solidified by evaporating the solvent or dispersion medium from the body. This also applies to the use of benzol and other organic solvents as dispersion medium.
  • a chemical reaction within a bath, initiated catalytical- 1y and/or thermally, is applicable to fiber dispersions in pre-condensates of phenoplasts, dimethyl urea, trimethylmelamine, methyl-allyl urea, glycuronyl compounds of aromatic or aliphatic diisocyanates and glycols or hydroxyl-group-containing polyesters, rubber solutions or dispersions that contain vulcanizing additions.
  • the formed bodies obtained by the method according to the invention may be subjected to any desired further mechanical processing.
  • the formed bodies may be twisted in separate machines into thread and yarn, or they may be converted by rolling, pressing or winding into compacted fibrous sheets, tapes, tubes or the like.
  • the products obtained by the process according to the invention can be subsequently liberated from any foreign constituents, for instance skeleton substances contained therein, or such foreign substances can also be removed from the products resulting from further fabrication, particularly asbestos-base products.
  • Such subsequent liberation is eifected, for instance, by extracting the foreign substances with the aid of a suitable solvent, by washing with water or aqueous dispersions of solvents, or by thermal disassociation used with the above-mentioned compounds Whose disassociation temperature is below the temperatures at which the asbestos fiber itself becomes damaged.
  • completely pure asbestos products are obtained as desired, for instance, for protective coverings, tent canvas, accessory parts for vehicles and other conveyances, and the like.
  • a method for producing continuous shapes from non-adhesive fibers all of the same material comprising the steps of dispersing said fibers in a liquid medium containing a dispersing agent to form a colloidal dispersion, then rendering the dispersing agent inactive so as to precipitate the fibers out from the liquid medium, and simultaneously compacting and extruding the precipitated fibers into a predetermined shape.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises the steps of preparing a dispersion of the fibers in a liquid medium capable of solidification by chemical reaction, passing the dispersion through a forming channel having an outlet cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous body to be formed, and passing the formed body from the channel outlet through a precipitating liquid reactive with said liquid medium, supplying the precipitating liq id along and around the flow of said dispersion and in the direction of said fiow so as to place the precipitating liquid in intimate touch with said formed body immediately where said body emreges from said forming channel, passing another flow of precipitating liquid centrally along the fiow of said dispersion in said forming channel, whereby the precipitating liquid acts upon the formed body from Within as well as from Without, and whereby said body is solidified as it emerges from said forming channel.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual asbestos fibers into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual asbestos fibers all of the same material and having a colloidal size in a liquid medium containing a dispersing 6 agent/passing the colloidal dispersion through a forming channel having an outlet cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous body to be produced, and simultaneously with said step of passing through the forming channel inactivating said dispersing agent to solidify the asbestos body being formed.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual fibers all of the same material and having colloidal dimensions in a liquid medium containing a major amount of solvent and a minor amount of a dissolved dispersing agent convertible to the solid state, passing the dispersion through a forming channel having an outlet cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous body to be produced, and simultaneously subjecting the body being formed as it emerges from said channel to a chemical solidifying reaction so as to convert said dispersing agent into a binding agent for the fibers in said body.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual fibers all of the same material and in a liquid medium containing a major amount of solvent and a minor amount of a dissolved dispersing agent convertible to the solid state, passing the colloidal dispersion through a forming channel having an outlet cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous body to be produced, and passing the body, as it emerges from said channel, through a liquid bath reactive with respect to said dispersing agent so as to simultaneously precipitate said fibers from their colloidal state to solidify said component in said body.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual fibers all of the same material and having colloidal dimensions in a liquid medium containing a dispersing agent, passing the colloidal dispersion through a formng channel having an outlet cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous body to be produced, and simultaneously chemically converting the dispersing agent into a binding agent for the fibers as the body being formed leaves the forming channel.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual fibers all of the same material and having colloidal dimensions in a viscous liquid medium containing a dispersing agent, passing the dispersion through a formin channel of elongated shape tapering toward the channel outlet and having at the channel outlet a cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous body to be produced, whereby the fibers passing through the channel align themselves parallel to the flow direction, and simultaneously solidifying the body being formed by chemically inactivating the dispersing agent as the body leaves the forming channel.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual fibers all of the 'same'mate'rial and having colloidal dimensions in a liquid medium containing a dispersing agent, precipitating said fibers from ther colloidal state by inactivating said dispersing agent, simultaneously with the last-mentioned step passing the dispersion, to form a rotational whirlpool action in said liquid medium, tangentially into a funnel-shaped forming channel which tapers toward its outlet and has an elongated outlet portion whose cross section corresponds to that of the fibrous body to be produced, whereby the fibers passing through the channel align themselves parallel to the flow direction, and the formed body emerges with the individual fibers in helical formation as the body leaves the forming channel.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual fibers all of the same material and having colloidal dimensions in an aqueous liquid containing water-soluble fatty-acid soap as a dispersion medium, passing the dispersion through a forming channel having an outlet cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous body to be formed, and passing the formed body from the channel outlet through a bath containing metal ions to inactivate said dispersion medium, whereby the formed body is solidified.
  • the method of converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual fibers all of the same material and having colloidal dimensions in a liquid medium containing a dispersing agent capable of chemical transformation into the solid state under heat, passing the dispersion through a. forming channel having an outlet cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous body to' be formed, and heating the emerging fibrous body being formed,'whereby the body becomes solidified.
  • the method of'converting a mass of individual fibers, particularly asbestos fibers, into a coherent fibrous body which comprises preparing a colloidal dispersion of individual fibers all of the same material and having colloidal dimensions in a'liquid medium containing a dispersing agent capable of solidification by chemical reaction, passing the dispersion'through a forming channel having an outlet cross section corresponding to that of the fibrous 'body to be formed, and passing the body being formed from the channel outlet immediately through a precipitating liquid reactive to inactivate the dispersing medium, whereby the body becomes solidified as it emerges from said outlet.
  • said inactivating step comprising passing the asbestos body from the out-. let'of the forming channel through a hot-gas chamber containinganionized gas so as to chemically precipitate said fibers from their colloidal state.
  • said inactivating step comprising subjecting the outside of said forming channel as Well as the body emerging therefrom to a heated ionized gaseous atmosphere to chemically pre-' cipitate said fibers from their colloidal state.
  • said method according to claim 3 including the step of passing the fibrous body at the outlet of said channel tangentially into and downwardly through a nozzle, and mounting said nozzle so as to place said body in whirlpool rotation as said body passes therethrough so as to impart a twist to the fibers in said body being formed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
US674430A 1956-07-31 1957-07-26 Method of converting individual fibers into coherent fibrous bodies Expired - Lifetime US2972221A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER19354A DE1168012B (de) 1956-07-31 1956-07-31 Verfahren zur Herstellung von zusammenhaengenden Asbestfasergebilden

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US2972221A true US2972221A (en) 1961-02-21

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US (1) US2972221A (de)
AT (1) AT216394B (de)
BE (1) BE592527Q (de)
DE (1) DE1168012B (de)
FR (1) FR1184641A (de)
GB (1) GB824446A (de)

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US3212251A (en) * 1962-11-27 1965-10-19 American Cyanamid Co Process for making synthetic paper yarn
US3347959A (en) * 1964-10-08 1967-10-17 Little Inc A Method and apparatus for forming wire from molten material
US3423925A (en) * 1964-10-27 1969-01-28 Celanese Corp Method of spinning fibers from a fluid suspension
US3440811A (en) * 1966-10-12 1969-04-29 Intern Trade & Ind Japan Spinning method and apparatus
US3442997A (en) * 1964-10-01 1969-05-06 Technology Uk Processes for orienting fibres
US3450510A (en) * 1966-04-14 1969-06-17 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Processes for producing fibre-reinforced materials
US3452532A (en) * 1966-07-21 1969-07-01 Rex Asbestwerke Manufacture of purified asbestos products
US3453818A (en) * 1967-11-29 1969-07-08 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Production of asbestos yarn
US3548462A (en) * 1964-02-15 1970-12-22 Pavena Ag Process for the preparation of a fiber arrangement or strand composed of staple fibers for undergoing a subsequent high draft
US3630012A (en) * 1965-01-25 1971-12-28 Rex Asbestwerke Asbestos fabricating process and products thereof
US3648451A (en) * 1970-02-16 1972-03-14 Monsanto Co Novel yarn and process
US3659410A (en) * 1970-03-09 1972-05-02 Vyzk Ustav Banlnarsky Spinning machine and method
US3676992A (en) * 1970-02-16 1972-07-18 Monsanto Co Fluid spinning process for novel yarns
US3759027A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-09-18 Johns Manville Extruded asbestos yarn for paper dryer felts
US3806572A (en) * 1969-09-10 1974-04-23 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Production of asbestos products
US3837153A (en) * 1972-11-06 1974-09-24 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Method of and apparatus for producing finished open end yarn in a spinning chamber
US3848403A (en) * 1972-11-29 1974-11-19 E Bobkowicz Aerodynamic spinning of composite yarn
US3943220A (en) * 1969-09-30 1976-03-09 Johns-Manville Corporation Method of producing fiber strand
US4115991A (en) * 1975-03-08 1978-09-26 Tba Industrial Products Ltd. Asbestos products
US4131661A (en) * 1977-04-07 1978-12-26 Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc. Waste asbestos recovery from production of asbestos products
DE3240985A1 (de) * 1980-12-23 1984-05-10 RM Industrial Products Co., Inc., 29406 North Charleston, S.C. Keramikfaser-schaum und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US4736527A (en) * 1982-12-13 1988-04-12 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Apparatus for the heat treatment of powdery material
US4923380A (en) * 1984-02-21 1990-05-08 Bioetica, S.A. Apparatus for the extrusion of collogen tubes
US5366362A (en) * 1989-12-22 1994-11-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Froce Apparatus for extruding a single aromatic heterocyclic polymeric fiber
US20030102585A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2003-06-05 Philippe Poulin Method for obtaining macroscopic fibres and strips from colloidal particles and in particular carbon nanotudes
US20090318043A1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2009-12-24 Nanoledge Inc. Method for making polymeric extruded composite products and carbon nanotubes
US20100025887A1 (en) * 2006-12-19 2010-02-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Process and apparatus for producing a strand-like extrudate
WO2016174306A1 (en) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-03 Spinnova Oy Mechanical method and system for the manufacture of fibrous yarn and fibrous yarn

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DE1735014B1 (de) * 1964-12-04 1971-10-14 Rex Asbestwerke Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von vorwiegend aus Asbest bestehenden Baendern oder Filmen
DE2232785C3 (de) * 1972-07-04 1985-08-08 Bayerische Wollfilzfabriken KG, Offermann, Zeiler Schmid & Co, 8875 Offingen Poröses Nadelvlies sowie zugehörige Herstellungsverfahren und Anwendungen
DE2265729C3 (de) * 1972-07-04 1985-02-07 Bayerische Wollfilzfabriken KG, Offermann, Zeiler Schmid & Co, 8875 Offingen Nadelfilz und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie Anwendungen
FR2546441B1 (fr) * 1983-05-25 1987-05-15 Ceraver Procede de fabrication d'une structure composite renforcee en matiere ceramique
DK8289A (da) * 1988-01-12 1989-07-13 Raychem Ltd Kompositmateriale

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US2125230A (en) * 1935-10-12 1938-07-26 American Bemberg Corp Effect yarn and process of making same
US2357392A (en) * 1941-03-01 1944-09-05 Sylvania Ind Corp Process for producing fibrous products
US2522526A (en) * 1946-04-19 1950-09-19 Fred W Manning Spinning gun for the production of filaments
GB676722A (en) * 1949-03-10 1952-07-30 Saint Gobain Process and apparatus for the production of threads from fibres of glass or other plastic material
US2770835A (en) * 1953-03-06 1956-11-20 Claude B Williams Apparatus and method for the manufacture of spun synthetic threads and/or yarns
US2700866A (en) * 1953-07-24 1955-02-01 Peter M Strang Method of concatenating fibrous elements
US2817947A (en) * 1953-09-10 1957-12-31 Peter M Strang Preparation of textile strands comprising fibres having different characteristics

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US3212251A (en) * 1962-11-27 1965-10-19 American Cyanamid Co Process for making synthetic paper yarn
US3548462A (en) * 1964-02-15 1970-12-22 Pavena Ag Process for the preparation of a fiber arrangement or strand composed of staple fibers for undergoing a subsequent high draft
US3442997A (en) * 1964-10-01 1969-05-06 Technology Uk Processes for orienting fibres
US3347959A (en) * 1964-10-08 1967-10-17 Little Inc A Method and apparatus for forming wire from molten material
US3423925A (en) * 1964-10-27 1969-01-28 Celanese Corp Method of spinning fibers from a fluid suspension
US3630012A (en) * 1965-01-25 1971-12-28 Rex Asbestwerke Asbestos fabricating process and products thereof
US3450510A (en) * 1966-04-14 1969-06-17 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Processes for producing fibre-reinforced materials
US3452532A (en) * 1966-07-21 1969-07-01 Rex Asbestwerke Manufacture of purified asbestos products
US3440811A (en) * 1966-10-12 1969-04-29 Intern Trade & Ind Japan Spinning method and apparatus
US3453818A (en) * 1967-11-29 1969-07-08 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Production of asbestos yarn
US3806572A (en) * 1969-09-10 1974-04-23 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Production of asbestos products
US3943220A (en) * 1969-09-30 1976-03-09 Johns-Manville Corporation Method of producing fiber strand
US3676992A (en) * 1970-02-16 1972-07-18 Monsanto Co Fluid spinning process for novel yarns
US3648451A (en) * 1970-02-16 1972-03-14 Monsanto Co Novel yarn and process
US3659410A (en) * 1970-03-09 1972-05-02 Vyzk Ustav Banlnarsky Spinning machine and method
US3759027A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-09-18 Johns Manville Extruded asbestos yarn for paper dryer felts
US3837153A (en) * 1972-11-06 1974-09-24 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Method of and apparatus for producing finished open end yarn in a spinning chamber
US3848403A (en) * 1972-11-29 1974-11-19 E Bobkowicz Aerodynamic spinning of composite yarn
US4115991A (en) * 1975-03-08 1978-09-26 Tba Industrial Products Ltd. Asbestos products
US4131661A (en) * 1977-04-07 1978-12-26 Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc. Waste asbestos recovery from production of asbestos products
DE3240985A1 (de) * 1980-12-23 1984-05-10 RM Industrial Products Co., Inc., 29406 North Charleston, S.C. Keramikfaser-schaum und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US4736527A (en) * 1982-12-13 1988-04-12 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Apparatus for the heat treatment of powdery material
US4923380A (en) * 1984-02-21 1990-05-08 Bioetica, S.A. Apparatus for the extrusion of collogen tubes
US5366362A (en) * 1989-12-22 1994-11-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Froce Apparatus for extruding a single aromatic heterocyclic polymeric fiber
US20030102585A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2003-06-05 Philippe Poulin Method for obtaining macroscopic fibres and strips from colloidal particles and in particular carbon nanotudes
US7655164B2 (en) * 2000-02-23 2010-02-02 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique Method for obtaining macroscopic fibres and strips from colloidal particles and in particular carbon nanotubes
US20090318043A1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2009-12-24 Nanoledge Inc. Method for making polymeric extruded composite products and carbon nanotubes
US20100025887A1 (en) * 2006-12-19 2010-02-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Process and apparatus for producing a strand-like extrudate
WO2016174306A1 (en) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-03 Spinnova Oy Mechanical method and system for the manufacture of fibrous yarn and fibrous yarn
US20180119315A1 (en) * 2015-04-28 2018-05-03 Spinnova Oy Mechanical method and system for the manufacture of fibrous yarn and fibrous yarn
US10544524B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2020-01-28 Spinnova Oy Mechanical method and system for the manufacture of fibrous yarn and fibrous yarn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT216394B (de) 1961-07-25
BE592527Q (fr) 1960-10-31
FR1184641A (fr) 1959-07-23
GB824446A (en) 1959-12-02
DE1168012B (de) 1964-04-16

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