US2973257A - Propellent powder - Google Patents

Propellent powder Download PDF

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Publication number
US2973257A
US2973257A US231648A US23164851A US2973257A US 2973257 A US2973257 A US 2973257A US 231648 A US231648 A US 231648A US 23164851 A US23164851 A US 23164851A US 2973257 A US2973257 A US 2973257A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
lead
globules
lacquer
powder base
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US231648A
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English (en)
Inventor
Don W Ryker
Gilbert R Cox
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olin Corp
Original Assignee
Olin Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olin Corp filed Critical Olin Corp
Priority to US231648A priority Critical patent/US2973257A/en
Priority to BE597841A priority patent/BE597841A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2973257A publication Critical patent/US2973257A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0066Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/007Ballistic modifiers, burning rate catalysts, burning rate depressing agents, e.g. for gas generating

Definitions

  • This invention relates to propellent powders and more particularly to a process of manufacturing substantially spherical grains of smokeless powder.
  • Spherical grains of powder have been made, heretofore, in accordance with the process disclosed by Olsen, Tibbitts and Kerone in U.S. Patent 2,027,114.
  • This process of making powder grains has proven eminently successful particularly when ethyl acetate is used as the smokeless powder base solvent and water as the dispersing medium.
  • lead compounds in powder grains as for example to control burning rate, other ballistic properties, and the like.
  • lead compounds for instance lead soaps are soluble to some extent in the admixture of methyl ethyl ketone and non-solvent diluent, particularly toluene (said admixture hereinafter referred to variously as vehicle or lacquer vehicle), the solubility increasing with increase in temperature.
  • Lead compounds which are totally insoluble or in amounts which exceed the solubility thereof in the vehicle can be utilized, the uniformity of dispersion of the lead compound in the solidified powder grain varying with the uniformity of the dispersion of insoluble lead compound in the vehicle and lacquer globules.
  • composition of the lacquer vehicle to be utilized will vary with the amount of lead compound desired in the solidified powder grains and also with other ingreists to be included in the powder grains.
  • deterrents and plasticizers such as dioctylphth-alate, dibutylphthalate, dinitrotoluene and the like, stabilizers, for example diphenylamine and Z-nitrodiphenylamine and the like, carbon black and other pulverulent insoluble modifiers and nitroglycerine can be incorporated in the powder grains and may be introduced as an ingredient of the lacquer vehicle composition.
  • the desired density of the powder grains is also to be considered when formulating the lacquer vehicle as the porosity of the powder grain can be regulated to some extent by variation of the non-solvent diluent concentration in the vehicle.
  • the porosity of spherical powder grains can be regulated by varying the concentration of non-solvent diluent in a lacquer vehicle containing a smokeless powder base solvent which is at least partially miscible with the non-solvent medium in which the lacquer globules are suspended.
  • a lacquer vehicle comprising methyl ethyl ketone must contain at least about 20% non-solvent diluent to be utilized to produce high density powder.
  • amounts of non-solvent diluent of as much as 20% are satisfactory for the purpose, particularly when toluene is utilized, although amounts up to have been utilized successfully with a smokeless powder base having a nitrogen content of about 12.6%.
  • the powder grains have a gravimetric density of less than 0.900 gram per cubic centimeter and are normally considered to be low density powder grains. Powder grains having a gravimetric density of 0.900 or more can be made with a non-solvent diluent concentration of 5% or more in the methyl ethyl ketone when lead compounds other than lead soaps are incorporated in the grains.
  • a ratio of about 2.5 to 6 parts vehicle to 1 part smokeless powder base forms a lacquer having the proper physical properties.
  • Differentiation of the aqueous medium without the lacquer globules from that within the globules can be accomplished in accordance with the disclosure of Schaefer in U.S. Patent 2,160,626 and protective colloid may be added to the aqueous medium in accordance with the disclosure in U.S. Patent 2,027,114.
  • the lead may be in the form of metallic lead as well as the chemical compounds of lead such as lead soaps, lead chromate, lead oxides, lead sulfide, lead carbonate and the like and in amounts varying from as little as a fraction of a percent up to large amounts. Amounts of lead compounds of about 0.5% to 10% based on the weight of the solidified powder grains are preferred.
  • Examples of lead soaps which can be incorporated in spherical powder grains in accordance with this invention include lead stearate, lead oleate, lead palmitate, lead linoleate and the like.
  • Nonsolvents substantially miscible with methyl ethyl ketone and substantially immiscible with water such as xylene,
  • decane, undecane, dodecane, isopropyl ether, propyl ether, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane or the like can be utilized in order to further explain and clarify this invention following are typical embodiments thereof.
  • smokeless powder base of'about 12.6% nitrogen contentfare suspended in about 900 parts water.
  • About 7 parts lead stearate, 100 parts lacquer vehicle containing about 80% methyl ethyl ketone saturated with water and about 20% toluene, about 3.6 parts dioctylphthalate and about 1.4 parts 2- nitrodiphenylarnine are homogenized and diluted with about 260 parts vehicle having the same composition as that utilized for the foregoing dispersion medium. This mixture is then added to the aqueous slurry of smokeless powder base and agitated until substantially complete solution of the smokeless powder base.
  • the method of shaping and solidifying lacquer globules into gelatinized droplets of smokeless powder base having lead therein which comprises dissolving the smokeless powder base in a vehicle having lead incorporated therein and containing methyl ethyl ketone and a volatile liquid non-solvent which is substantially miscible with methyl ethyl ketone and reduces the miscibility of water therewith, and thereafter solidifying the globules while suspended in the aqueous medium.
  • a powder grain composed essentially of a solidified droplet of gelatinized smokeless powder base and having lead dispersed therein.
  • a spherical powder grain composed essentially of a solidified droplet of gelatinized smokeless powder base and having a gravimetric density of at least about .900 containing lead substantially uniformly dispersed throughout.
  • the process which comprises substantially uniformly dispersing a material selected from the group consisting of metallic lead, lead salts, and lead oxides in a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone and a non-solvent diluent, adding said dispersion to an agitated aqueous medium containing a smokeless powder base suspended therein, adding a protective colloid and solidifying the resulting globules of smokeless powder base lacquer while dispersed in the aqueous medium.
  • a substantially spherical smokeless powder base grain having a material dispersed therein selected from the group consisting of metallic lead, lead salts, and lead oxides.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
US231648A 1951-06-14 1951-06-14 Propellent powder Expired - Lifetime US2973257A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US231648A US2973257A (en) 1951-06-14 1951-06-14 Propellent powder
BE597841A BE597841A (fr) 1951-06-14 1960-12-06 Poudre propulsive

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US231648A US2973257A (en) 1951-06-14 1951-06-14 Propellent powder

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2973257A true US2973257A (en) 1961-02-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US231648A Expired - Lifetime US2973257A (en) 1951-06-14 1951-06-14 Propellent powder

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US (1) US2973257A (fr)
BE (1) BE597841A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3116190A (en) * 1959-03-25 1963-12-31 Frederick A Zihlman Gun propellant
US3808061A (en) * 1964-05-22 1974-04-30 Us Army Nitrocellulose solid propellant composition with load additive to reduce radar attenuation
US3954526A (en) * 1971-02-22 1976-05-04 Thiokol Corporation Method for making coated ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate particles and product produced thereby
US4469647A (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-09-04 General Dynamics Method and apparatus for mixing, casting and dispensing friction-sensitive pyrotechnic materials

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1056389A (en) * 1912-04-25 1913-03-18 Adinau Company L Explosive.
US1357865A (en) * 1920-03-03 1920-11-02 Du Pont Propellent powder and process of making same
US1398098A (en) * 1921-06-28 1921-11-22 Chauncey R H Rex Process for the manufacture of explosives
US1966806A (en) * 1929-09-17 1934-07-17 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Method of producing smokeless powder
US2027114A (en) * 1932-03-12 1936-01-07 Western Cartridge Co Manufacture of smokeless powders
US2160626A (en) * 1936-01-02 1939-05-30 Western Cartridge Co Explosive
US2213255A (en) * 1936-01-06 1940-09-03 Western Cartridge Co Explosive
US2292469A (en) * 1939-09-25 1942-08-11 Western Cartridge Co Smokeless powder
US2394449A (en) * 1942-12-12 1946-02-05 Olin Ind Inc Manufacture of explosives
US2498388A (en) * 1945-06-08 1950-02-21 Alpheus M Ball Explosive composition

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1056389A (en) * 1912-04-25 1913-03-18 Adinau Company L Explosive.
US1357865A (en) * 1920-03-03 1920-11-02 Du Pont Propellent powder and process of making same
US1398098A (en) * 1921-06-28 1921-11-22 Chauncey R H Rex Process for the manufacture of explosives
US1966806A (en) * 1929-09-17 1934-07-17 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Method of producing smokeless powder
US2027114A (en) * 1932-03-12 1936-01-07 Western Cartridge Co Manufacture of smokeless powders
US2160626A (en) * 1936-01-02 1939-05-30 Western Cartridge Co Explosive
US2213255A (en) * 1936-01-06 1940-09-03 Western Cartridge Co Explosive
US2292469A (en) * 1939-09-25 1942-08-11 Western Cartridge Co Smokeless powder
US2394449A (en) * 1942-12-12 1946-02-05 Olin Ind Inc Manufacture of explosives
US2498388A (en) * 1945-06-08 1950-02-21 Alpheus M Ball Explosive composition

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3116190A (en) * 1959-03-25 1963-12-31 Frederick A Zihlman Gun propellant
US3808061A (en) * 1964-05-22 1974-04-30 Us Army Nitrocellulose solid propellant composition with load additive to reduce radar attenuation
US3954526A (en) * 1971-02-22 1976-05-04 Thiokol Corporation Method for making coated ultra-fine ammonium perchlorate particles and product produced thereby
US4469647A (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-09-04 General Dynamics Method and apparatus for mixing, casting and dispensing friction-sensitive pyrotechnic materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE597841A (fr) 1961-06-06

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