US2980800A - X-ray units - Google Patents

X-ray units Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2980800A
US2980800A US750764A US75076458A US2980800A US 2980800 A US2980800 A US 2980800A US 750764 A US750764 A US 750764A US 75076458 A US75076458 A US 75076458A US 2980800 A US2980800 A US 2980800A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ray
unit
radiation
housing
window
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US750764A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gottfrid W Steen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Machlett Laboratories Inc
Original Assignee
Machlett Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Machlett Laboratories Inc filed Critical Machlett Laboratories Inc
Priority to US750764A priority Critical patent/US2980800A/en
Priority to GB23957/59A priority patent/GB912136A/en
Priority to FR800826A priority patent/FR1233774A/fr
Priority to NL241552A priority patent/NL107216C/xx
Priority to CH7612659A priority patent/CH366408A/fr
Priority to BE581039A priority patent/BE581039A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2980800A publication Critical patent/US2980800A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in X-ray units adapted for use in radiographing annular sections of hollow bodies, and has particular reference to a new selfcontained X-ray unit which is capable of producing, in a single exposure, a high quality radiographic picture of an entire weld, for example, of a pipe line.
  • Another object is to provide a novel radiographic -X-ray unit wherein the component parts are located in positions where they may operate at greatest efiiciency without interfering with the radiographic process.
  • Another object is the provision, in an X-ray unit of .the character described, of suitable means for air-cooling lthe X-ray tube.
  • a Another object is to provide an X-ray unit of the Patented Apr. 18, 1961 above character wherein electrical conductors which are located in the path of the X-ray beam are so constructed and arranged that they are substantially indistinguishable in the radiographs produced by the unit.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view of an X-ray unit with the housing partially removed to disclose the invention
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the interior of the unit
  • Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating certain characteristics of the invention. 7
  • the device includes a housing 10 which is formed of two cylindrical sections, a forward section 11 and a rear section 12, which are joined at one end in coaxial relation and are closed at their other ends.
  • the rear section 12 has a relatively rigid and sturdy end wall 13 and the side wall or shell 14 thereof is formed of thin sheeting of aluminum or other selected material having relatively good X-ray transparency characteristics.
  • annular bracket 15 which serves to support an X-ray tube 16 within the housing.
  • the cathode end 17 of tube 16 extends outwardly through end wall 13.
  • the opposite 'end of the tube constitutes a hollow anode-supporting portion 18 to which is sealed one end of an annular window 19 formed of thin nickel tubing or other selected X-ray transparent material.
  • the anode 20 is sealed to the opposite end of the window 19.and has in it a target 21 formed of tungsten or other selected material which is capable of emitting copious supplies of X-rays when bombarded by electrons in the manner of a conventional X-ray tube.
  • Window 19 encircles the target 21 and X-rays which are emitted by the target pass outwardly of the tube through the window in the form of a beam of radiation'which extends radially throughout an angle of 360 about the longitudinal axis of the unit as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the beam being restricted in size in a direction axially of the device by the length of the window.
  • the fan and motor are preferably mounted as a unit I upon the wall of section 11 by suitable vibration dampens esaw nectin g the tube and other components to sources of electrical energy must likewise be propelled or dragged along with the unit.
  • the X-ray tube is preferably located in the rear section of the housing and leads thereto may be readily connected to terminals, thereon, such as. terminal 29, without passing through the field of X-radiation.
  • the motor 25 and the thermostat 23 are located in the forward'end of the unit. Therefore, leads which trail the unit as it progresses along a pipe, must necessarily pass through the field of X-radiation in order to be Connected to those components in the forward section.
  • the conductors 34 each comprise a strip of metal foil 35 formed'of X-ray transparent material such as aluminum, beryllium, magnesium, or other selected material.
  • the ends of the strips 35 are folded and interlayed with small three-ply folded sheets 36 of copper or other conductive material, which thus form strong and rigid terminations for the foil strips and by which the ends of theiconductors are enabled to be securely connected to the insulating blocks 33 as by screws 37.
  • the strips are connected by respective leads 38 to respective portions of the terminal device 32.
  • each pair of springs 40 is connected to the ends of a small arm 41 which is pivotally connected to an insulating block 42 mounted on the inner wall of the housing 10 similarly to blocks 33.
  • a lead, one lead 43 extending to the thermostat and the other leads 44 to the motor 25 is connected to each arm 41.
  • the conductors 34 are thus disposed on and in spaced relation to the X-ray transparent shell 14.
  • the springs 40 function to maintain the strips 35 taut so that in each case a wide fiat surface will be continuously directed toward the X-ray generating target 21.
  • the strips 35 must be formed thin enough so that the 'X-ray beam will pass through substantially unaltered.
  • the X-ray beam passes through the annular window 19 and the tubular shell 14, whereby the beam is necessarily modified to the extent that the window and shell absorb some of the radiation. Therefore, it is desirable that the conducting strips 35 be characterized. by their ability to transmit substantia-lly the same'portions of the X-ray beam that are; transmittedby the window or shell, or both.
  • a curve 45 4 which diagrammatically illustrates the intensity and wavelength of an X-ray beam and wherein the height of the curve with respect to'line N depicts the intensity, and the length of the curve parallel to line N indicates the wavelength. It is known that best results in radiography are obtained By htiliiing the hard intense rays which are found to :exist in the'leading portion of a pulse. Curve 45 shows that a normal X-ray pulse produces. hard intense X-ra'ys which, "after peak intensity is reachedptrail off 'as progressively softer and less intense r'ays, as indicatedby' the long gradual slope of the trailing portion of curve 45.
  • the X-rays are modified by the window 19 as shown by curve '46 whichillustrates the X-rays after passing through a window formed of nickel ap proximately .020" thick. It will be noted that the peak intensity. of the X-ray beam is reduced only slightly but the soft X-rays are reduced by a substantial amount. However, this reduction in soft X-rays is not of major consequence since, as stated above, the hard radiation is desirable.
  • the conducting strips are made, materials such as beryllium, magnesium, or-others may be used, in which case it might be necessary to change the material of" either the window or shell, or both, so that thestrip will'not of itself alter the X-ray beam sufiiciently to produce an image thereof on a radiograph.
  • the material of the conducting strips and the thickness thereof may be balanced against the particular X-ray absorption characteristics of the window or shell or both so that insertion of the strips in the field of the X-ray beam will result in substantially no additional attenuation of the beam.
  • an X-ray unit comprising a hollow housing, an X-ray tube in the housing for generating X-radiation and having a window for transmitting X-rays from the tube as a field of radiation, an electrical conductor extending parallel to the window in the field of radiation, said conductor being an elongated flat strip of metal foil transparent to X-radiation located with one fiat surface directed toward the target of said X-ray tube, and means for securely mounting the foil upon the wall of the housing' comprising a pair of spaced insulating blocks carried by said wall uponopposite' sides of the field of radiation, metal blocks secured to and interlocked with each end of thei;fold,; the metal ;block at one endofthe1foil being secured to one of the insulating blocks, the other in- I we...
  • sulating block having an arm pivotally mounted thereon, and a pair of springs connecting opposite ends of the arm with transversely spaced portions ofthe other metal block, the springs maintaining the foil in position relatively taut and rigid.
  • an X-ray unit as set forth in claim 1 wherein the housing contains at one end ,rnotor-operated cooling means for the X-ray tube and contains electrical connection means in the opposite end for connection to an external source of electrical power, and said electrical conductor is connected at one end to the connection means and at its other end to the cooling means;
  • the X-ray tube has an anode terminal located in the end of the housing opposite the connection means, and the electrical conductor is connected at one end to the connection means and at its other end to the anode terminal of the X-ray tube.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
US750764A 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 X-ray units Expired - Lifetime US2980800A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US750764A US2980800A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 X-ray units
GB23957/59A GB912136A (en) 1958-07-24 1959-07-13 Improvements in x-ray units
FR800826A FR1233774A (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-07-22 Appareil à rayons x
NL241552A NL107216C (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-07-23
CH7612659A CH366408A (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-07-23 Appareil à rayons X
BE581039A BE581039A (fr) 1958-07-24 1959-07-24 Appareil à rayons X

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US750764A US2980800A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 X-ray units

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2980800A true US2980800A (en) 1961-04-18

Family

ID=25019077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US750764A Expired - Lifetime US2980800A (en) 1958-07-24 1958-07-24 X-ray units

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2980800A (fr)
BE (1) BE581039A (fr)
CH (1) CH366408A (fr)
FR (1) FR1233774A (fr)
GB (1) GB912136A (fr)
NL (1) NL107216C (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3171029A (en) * 1962-02-26 1965-02-23 Ind X Corp Cooling system for x-ray apparatus
US3229140A (en) * 1961-12-26 1966-01-11 Gen Signal Corp Anode heat dissipating assembly for electron discharge tubes
DE2738165A1 (de) * 1976-08-30 1978-03-09 Machlett Lab Inc Roentgenstrahlungsgenerator
CN104620098A (zh) * 2012-09-12 2015-05-13 世高株式会社 X射线检查装置

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1565969A (en) * 1924-03-26 1925-12-15 Spiro Harry Cooling device for x-ray tubes
US1975880A (en) * 1932-11-01 1934-10-09 Westinghouse Lamp Co Electrical discharge apparatus
US1986482A (en) * 1931-11-03 1935-01-01 Westinghouse Lamp Co Compact shockproof electrical discharge apparatus and means for producing the same
US2090582A (en) * 1934-02-09 1937-08-17 Gen Electric X Ray Corp X-ray tube
US2222549A (en) * 1937-12-23 1940-11-19 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co X-ray tube
US2259037A (en) * 1940-02-23 1941-10-14 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg Cooling x-ray tubes
US2502429A (en) * 1939-08-22 1950-04-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Heat radiator for electron discharge devices
US2547996A (en) * 1948-06-09 1951-04-10 Cormack E Boucher Portable x-ray unit
US2663812A (en) * 1950-03-04 1953-12-22 Philips Lab Inc X-ray tube window
US2808517A (en) * 1951-02-13 1957-10-01 Gen Electric X-ray tube housing
US2836749A (en) * 1955-02-28 1958-05-27 Duniee Corp 360 u deg. X-ray generator
US2909686A (en) * 1955-06-29 1959-10-20 Gen Electric X-ray tube

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1565969A (en) * 1924-03-26 1925-12-15 Spiro Harry Cooling device for x-ray tubes
US1986482A (en) * 1931-11-03 1935-01-01 Westinghouse Lamp Co Compact shockproof electrical discharge apparatus and means for producing the same
US1975880A (en) * 1932-11-01 1934-10-09 Westinghouse Lamp Co Electrical discharge apparatus
US2090582A (en) * 1934-02-09 1937-08-17 Gen Electric X Ray Corp X-ray tube
US2222549A (en) * 1937-12-23 1940-11-19 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co X-ray tube
US2502429A (en) * 1939-08-22 1950-04-04 Int Standard Electric Corp Heat radiator for electron discharge devices
US2259037A (en) * 1940-02-23 1941-10-14 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg Cooling x-ray tubes
US2547996A (en) * 1948-06-09 1951-04-10 Cormack E Boucher Portable x-ray unit
US2663812A (en) * 1950-03-04 1953-12-22 Philips Lab Inc X-ray tube window
US2808517A (en) * 1951-02-13 1957-10-01 Gen Electric X-ray tube housing
US2836749A (en) * 1955-02-28 1958-05-27 Duniee Corp 360 u deg. X-ray generator
US2909686A (en) * 1955-06-29 1959-10-20 Gen Electric X-ray tube

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3229140A (en) * 1961-12-26 1966-01-11 Gen Signal Corp Anode heat dissipating assembly for electron discharge tubes
US3171029A (en) * 1962-02-26 1965-02-23 Ind X Corp Cooling system for x-ray apparatus
DE2738165A1 (de) * 1976-08-30 1978-03-09 Machlett Lab Inc Roentgenstrahlungsgenerator
CN104620098A (zh) * 2012-09-12 2015-05-13 世高株式会社 X射线检查装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL107216C (fr) 1964-01-15
CH366408A (fr) 1962-12-31
BE581039A (fr) 1959-11-16
GB912136A (en) 1962-12-05
FR1233774A (fr) 1960-10-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5825892B2 (ja) 放射線発生装置及びそれを用いた放射線撮影装置
KR101563521B1 (ko) 방사선 발생장치 및 방사선 촬영장치
US9058958B2 (en) Radiation generating apparatus and radiation imaging apparatus
JP5238122B2 (ja) 静止ｃｔシステムのためのエミッタアレイ構成
JP4942868B2 (ja) 一体的ハウジングを備える乳房撮影法用のｘ線管
US2209963A (en) X-ray generating device
US3250916A (en) Stereo x-ray device
US20090086918A1 (en) X-ray tube with transmission anode
JPH06162972A (ja) 透過型陽極を有するｘ線管
US2531583A (en) Roentgen-ray apparatus
JP2006510192A (ja) 単色ｘ線生成用ｘ線源
JPH11288678A (ja) 蛍光ｘ線源
US2290226A (en) X-ray generating device
US2980800A (en) X-ray units
CN103858203A (zh) 多x射线能量的生成
US7499525B2 (en) Heat exchanger for a diagnostic x-ray generator with rotary anode-type x-ray tube
US2259037A (en) Cooling x-ray tubes
US20180151324A1 (en) Heat sink for x-ray tube anode
US2097002A (en) X-ray tube
CN108447757A (zh) 双扇形束x射线发生器
JPH0673292B2 (ja) 抵抗性コーティングを有するｘ線管エンクロージャ
WO2020088939A1 (fr) Tube à rayons x pour commutation rapide de kilovolts en crête
US9202664B2 (en) Finned anode
JP2004235113A (ja) 軟ｘ線発生管
US2309566A (en) Window for X-ray tubes