US3009632A - Multiple compressor systems for refrigeration installation - Google Patents

Multiple compressor systems for refrigeration installation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3009632A
US3009632A US52633A US5263360A US3009632A US 3009632 A US3009632 A US 3009632A US 52633 A US52633 A US 52633A US 5263360 A US5263360 A US 5263360A US 3009632 A US3009632 A US 3009632A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
compressor
crankcase
suction
compartment
compartments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US52633A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard K Berger
Soumerai Henri
Augustus J Van Newenhoven
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Worthington Corp
Original Assignee
Worthington Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Worthington Corp filed Critical Worthington Corp
Priority to US52633A priority Critical patent/US3009632A/en
Priority to BE607310A priority patent/BE607310A/fr
Priority to CH965861A priority patent/CH419204A/fr
Priority to ES270143A priority patent/ES270143A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3009632A publication Critical patent/US3009632A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—Component parts or details not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to refrigeration installations and more particularly to multiple compressor systems used to circulate the refrigerant in such installations.
  • shutting down a unit in the multiple system is a more efiicient way of regilating the capacity of the system than can be accomplished with unloaders on a single unit.
  • individual units can be added to the refrigeration installation along with normal plant growth or expansion.
  • Patent 2,869,775 solves the problem relative oil return from the suction to crank- 3,009,632 Patented Nov. 21, 1961 case compartment in an individual unit but in attempting to provide for equalization of oil levels in all units of the system, presents complex technical requirements which increase the overall cost thereof.
  • the present invention solves the problems mentioned above and in addition provides means for eliminating the high oil temperatures and costs associated with the above systems.
  • 'It is a further object of this invention to provide a multiple compressor system for a refrigeration system with means that assure positive oil return and equalizes lubricant levels in the crankcase.
  • FIGURE 4 is a schematic View showing one form of multiple compressor system.
  • FIGURE 1 shows an open type compressor designated 1 and generally adapted for use in the multiple compressor systems shown herein and embodying the novel components which provide for the return of lubricant from the suction to crankcase compartment and in addition maintain substantially equal lubricant levels in all crankcase compartments when applied in a multiple type system as hereinafter described.
  • FIGURE 1 shows an open type compressor, it will be understood by those familiar with this art that the concepts outlined herein may be applied to compressors of the hermetic type and that reference to open units hereinafter is solely for purposes of illustration.
  • the compressor I basically comprises a casing 2 including a partition 3 which divides same into a crankcase compartment 4 and a suction compartment 5.
  • the compressor is provided with the usual head 6 including the usual valves (not shown) to control fluid flow through the cylinder.
  • head 6 including the usual valves (not shown) to control fluid flow through the cylinder.
  • valves not shown
  • the bearings 9 and shaft 10 serving to drive the moving parts of the compressor are lubricated by any suitable lubrication system.
  • crankcase compartment 4 is shown as having lubricant 50 collected in a reservoir generally designated 51 and formed in the lower portion of the crankcase compartment.
  • This lubricant is supplied at a predetermined pressure to the moving parts by any suitable type pump generally designated 11, connected to shaft 10, which takes its suction through inlet 12 and suction pipe 13, which is connected to strainer 14 shown as disposed in the lower portion of reservoir 51.
  • Holes 15, which may be drilled, are formed in pipe 13. The function of these holes or openings will be described in detail hereinafter.
  • Lubricant flowing to pump 11 is discharged into outlet 16.
  • a predetermined quantity of the lubricant passed to outlet 16 is passed through opening 17 which is connected to ejector -19 by means taking the form of a by-pass line 20.
  • flow from pump 11 to ejector 19 can be regulated by proper sizing of opening 17 and line 20.
  • crankcase pressure is higher than suction compartment pressure as a result of blowby of refrigerant into crankcase compartment during compressor operation. This condition is further amplified in a multiple system due to the variations in pressure caused when one or more units are unloaded or shut down as will be understood by one skilled in the art.
  • an opening taking the form of a port 22 is formed in the partition 3 so that there results a substantial equilization of pressure between the suction and crankcase compartments.
  • a bypass arrangement generally designated 30 associated at one end with the pump of first compressor A and at the other end with the crankcase of a second compressor B to coact with the components outlined above to teach a system which provides for equalization of lubricant levels in all crankcases and one that tends to operate at cooler oil temperatures.
  • bypass arrangement 30 comprises a passage means 31 formed in the discharge portion of pump 11 and communicating with outlet 16.
  • Valve means 32 is disposed in passage means 31 to insure proper supply of lubricant to the moving surfaces of the compressor. Accordingly, when a predetermined pressure is reached in outlet 16 valve means 32 opens and permits flow of lubricant to the crankcase of the first compressor A through by-pass 33 and to the crankcase of the second compressor B through bypass 34 and line 35.
  • This arrangement of by-pass oil flow shows a split flow from the chamber 34.
  • the hole 33 returns a greater portion of the oil into crankcase A and a smaller portion is bypassed through tube 35 which flows into crankcase B.
  • the tube 35 is sized to feed approximately A of the by-passed oil from chamber 34 to compressor B and A; through hole 33 into crankcase A.
  • Oil pumps in general used in this type of compressor, are oversized and hence approximately /3 of the pumps capacity is by-passed into chamber 34 or 4 gals. per min.
  • the sizing of tube 35 is thus fashioned for the distribution of split by-passed flow from chamber 34 into crankcases A and B.
  • the apparatus described above thusly permits the adaptation of compressor 1, which in itself is an advance as it solves the oil return problem present in individual installations, into a multiple system without the necessity of incorporating complex design changes and at appreciably lower costs.
  • FIGURE 2 A multiple system including the above compressor is shown in FIGURE 2 and can be readily assembled by interconnecting the suction compartment 5 through conduit means 40 with the low side of the refrigeration installation. In similar fashion the discharge compartments 8 are interconnected by conduit means 41 to the high side of the installation.
  • Conduit 23 interconnects the crankcases to provide means which permit the passage of lubricant between the crankcases.
  • Line 35 connected to compressor A at by-pass 34 is connected to the crankcase of compressor B at the base thereof.
  • line 35' which runs from lubrication system associated with compressor B is connected to the crankcase of compressor A at 36.
  • crankcase 4 of compressor B rises appreciably. Due to diiferent outputs in the pumps associated with the units as may occur in practice and should the pump in B bypass more oil into A than the pump of A into B the effect is to lower the lubricant level in compressor B until it reaches a level equivalent to the level of uppermost hole 15. With more lubricant pumped into A the level therein tends to increase the crankcase pressure which supplements the loss of lubricant in B bypassing lubricant thereto through balancing line 24. Coacting with this flow to B through line 23 is the flickering in oil pressure in pump 11 of compressor B which tends to reduce the flow passed from compressor B to compressor A.
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 show a modified form of multiple compressor installation having a compressor C which resembles the compressors described as forming the basic elements of the system shown in FIGURES 1 and 2.
  • compressor D in essence resembles the above described units.
  • compressor D is sequenced to unload first and during unloaded conditions crankcase pressure in D is higher than the pressure in crankcase C. It is evident that lubricant will tend to flow into compressor C thusly tending to oil starve compressor D. However, due to the provision of bypass means comprising the pump, line 35 and interconnection with the crankcase of compressor D the lubricant level or supply of this compressor is replenished and maintained at proper level.
  • a multiple compressor system for use in a refrigeration installation including a first and second compressor, each of said compressors comprising a casing having a partition therein for dividing the compressor into a suction and crankcase compartment, a discharge compartment in each of said casings, a suction conduit interconnecting each of the suction compartments and said suction conduit connected to the low side of the refrigeration installation, a discharge conduit interconnecting each of the discharge compartments and said discharge conduit connected to the high side of said refrigeration installation, port means in the partition of each said compressor providing communication between the suction and crankcase compartments whereby substantially equal pressures are maintained in said compartments, ejector means in the partition of one of said compressors for passing lubricant from the suction compartment to the crankcase compartment, means in the partition of the other compressor permitting flow of lubricant from the suction compartment to the crankcase compartment, bypass means interconnecting the crankcase compartments of both compressors and adapted to flow lubricant from the compressor having said ejector to the other compressor, and a conduit interconnecting
  • a multiple compressor system for use in a refrigeration installation including a first and second compressor, each compessor comprising a casing having a partition therein for dividing the casing into suction and crankcase compartments, a discharge compartment in each of said casings, a lubrication system for said compressors and disposed in the casings, a suction conduit interconnecting each of the suction compartments and said suction conduit connected to the low side of the refrigeration installation, a discharge conduit interconnecting each of the discharge compartments and said discharge conduit connected to the high side of said refrigeration installation, port means in the partitions of each of said compressors providing communication between the suction and crankcase compartments whereby substantially equal pressures are maintained in said compartments, ejector means including a suction inlet and discharge outlet disposed in the partition of one of said compressors, the suction inlet of the ejector means communicating with said suction compartment, the discharge outlet of the ejector being disposed in said crankcase compartment, means interconnecting the ejector with the lubrication system
  • a multiple compressor system for use in a refrigeration installation including a first and second compressor, each compressor comprising a casing having a partition therein for dividing the casing into suction and crankcase compartments, a discharge compartment in each of said casings, a lubrication system having a pump including an inlet and outlet for said compressors and connected to the casings, a suction conduit interconnecting each of the suction compartments and said suction conduit connected to the low side of the refrigeration installation, a discharge conduit interconnecting each of the discharge compartments and said discharge conduit connected to the high side of said refrigeration installation, port means in the partitions of each of said casings providing communication between the suction and crankcase compartments whereby substantially equal pressures are maintained in said compartments, ejector means including a suction inlet and discharge outlet disposed in the partition of one of said compressors, the suction inlet of the ejector means communicating with said suction compartment, the discharge outlet of the ejector being disposed in said crankcase compartment, conduit means interconnecting the
  • the pump includes a first and second passage means connected to the outlet thereof, one of said passage means communicating with the crankcase compartment, the other passage being connected to the bypass means, and check valve disposed in said passage means to cut off communication between the pump outlet and the bypass means at predetermined times.
  • a multiple compressor system for use in a refrigeration installation including a first and second compressor, each compressor comprising a casing having a partition therein for dividing the casing into a suction and crankcase compartments, a discharge compartment in each of said casings, a lubrication system for each of said compressors and disposed in the casings, a suction conduit interconnecting each of the suction compartments and said suction conduit connected to the low side of the refrigeration installation, a discharge conduit interconnecting each of the discharge compartments and said discharge conduit connected to the high side of said refrigeration installation, port means in the partition of each of said compressors providing communication between the suction and crankcase compartments whereby substantially equal pressures are maintained in said compartments, ejector means including a suction inlet and discharge outlet disposed in the partitions of both said compressors, the suction inlets of the respective ejector means communicating with the respective suction compartments, the discharge outlets of the respective ejector means disposed in the respective crankcase compartment, means interconnecting the ejector
  • a multiple compressor system for use in a refrigeration installation including a first and second compressor, each compressor comprising a casing having a partition therein for dividing the casing into suction and crankcase compartments, a discharge compartment in each of said casings, a lubrication system having a pump including an inlet and outlet for said compressors and connected to the casing, a suction conduit interconnecting each of the suction compartments and said suction conduits connected to the low side of the refrigeration installation, a discharge conduit interconnecting each of the discharge compartments and said discharge conduit connected to the high side of said refrigeration installation, port means in the partitions of each of said casings providing communication between the suction and crankcase compartments whereby substantially equal pressures are maintained in said compartments, ejector means including a suction inlet and discharge outlet disposed in the partitions of both said compressors, the suction inlets of the respective ejector means communicating with the respective suction compartments, the discharge outlets of the respective ejector means disposed in the respective crankcase compartments, conduit
  • both of the pumps include first and second passage means connected to the pump outlets, one of said passage means communicating with the crankcase compartment, the other passage means being connected to the bypass associated with the compressor, and check valves disposed in the passage means of both pumps to cut off communication between the pump outlets and their respective bypass means.
  • both pumps include suction tubes connected to the inlet thereof at one end and disposed in the crankcase at their other ends, and means at predetermined positions in said suction tubes to reduce the pressure output of the respective pumps when the level of lubricant in the crankcases fall below a predetermined level.
  • a multiple compressor system for use in a refrigeration installation including a first and second compressor, each compressor comprising a casing having a partition therein for dividing the easing into a suction and crankcase compartment, a discharge compartment in each of said casings, a lubrication system for each of said compressors having a pump including an inlet and outlet and said pumps connected to the respective casings, a suction conduit interconnecting each of the suction compartments and said suction conduit connected to the low side of the refrigeration installation, a discharge conduit interconnecting each of the discharge compartments and said discharge conduit connected to the high side of said refrigeration installation, port means in the partitions of each of said casings providing communication between the suction and crankcase compartments whereby substantially equal pressures are maintained in said compartments vent means in the partition of each compressor and beneath the port means to permit lubricant to How from said suction compartment to said crankcase compartment, conduit means interconnecting said pump means of the first compressor to the crankcase of the second compressor, con duit means interconnecting the pump means of the second

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
US52633A 1960-08-29 1960-08-29 Multiple compressor systems for refrigeration installation Expired - Lifetime US3009632A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US52633A US3009632A (en) 1960-08-29 1960-08-29 Multiple compressor systems for refrigeration installation
BE607310A BE607310A (fr) 1960-08-29 1961-08-18 Système à compresseurs multiples pour installation de réfrigération
CH965861A CH419204A (fr) 1960-08-29 1961-08-18 Installation de réfrigération
ES270143A ES270143A1 (es) 1960-08-29 1961-08-28 Sistema compresor múltiple para instalación de refrigeración

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US52633A US3009632A (en) 1960-08-29 1960-08-29 Multiple compressor systems for refrigeration installation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3009632A true US3009632A (en) 1961-11-21

Family

ID=21978879

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US52633A Expired - Lifetime US3009632A (en) 1960-08-29 1960-08-29 Multiple compressor systems for refrigeration installation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3009632A (fr)
BE (1) BE607310A (fr)
CH (1) CH419204A (fr)
ES (1) ES270143A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3241746A (en) * 1965-02-08 1966-03-22 Carrier Corp Compressor lubricant equalizing pump
FR2137681A1 (fr) * 1971-05-12 1972-12-29 Luft U D Kaltet K
US4822259A (en) * 1985-06-14 1989-04-18 Basseggio Narcizo O System of compressing miscible fluids
US5150586A (en) * 1989-11-16 1992-09-29 Basseggio Narcizo O System and process of compressing miscible fluids
EP0764821A3 (fr) * 1995-09-25 1997-04-09 Carrier Corp
US20060153699A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2006-07-13 Gittoes Edwin A Apparatus for connecting together at least two compressors used in refrigeration or air conditioning systems
US11137180B1 (en) * 2020-04-30 2021-10-05 Trane Air Conditioning Systems (China) Co., Ltd. System and method for OCR control in paralleled compressors
EP4299911A4 (fr) * 2021-03-16 2024-10-16 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Dispositif de compression et dispositif de réfrigération

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2076332A (en) * 1935-06-29 1937-04-06 York Ice Machinery Corp Lubrication system
US2253623A (en) * 1937-05-18 1941-08-26 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Refrigerating apparatus
US2869775A (en) * 1954-09-15 1959-01-20 Trane Co Reciprocating compressor apparatus
US2918210A (en) * 1955-06-24 1959-12-22 Tecumseh Products Co Compressor with crankcase oil surge tank
US2956730A (en) * 1958-06-16 1960-10-18 Worthington Corp Jet ejector lubricant return means for a refrigeration compressor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2076332A (en) * 1935-06-29 1937-04-06 York Ice Machinery Corp Lubrication system
US2253623A (en) * 1937-05-18 1941-08-26 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Refrigerating apparatus
US2869775A (en) * 1954-09-15 1959-01-20 Trane Co Reciprocating compressor apparatus
US2918210A (en) * 1955-06-24 1959-12-22 Tecumseh Products Co Compressor with crankcase oil surge tank
US2956730A (en) * 1958-06-16 1960-10-18 Worthington Corp Jet ejector lubricant return means for a refrigeration compressor

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3241746A (en) * 1965-02-08 1966-03-22 Carrier Corp Compressor lubricant equalizing pump
FR2137681A1 (fr) * 1971-05-12 1972-12-29 Luft U D Kaltet K
US4822259A (en) * 1985-06-14 1989-04-18 Basseggio Narcizo O System of compressing miscible fluids
US4895498A (en) * 1985-06-14 1990-01-23 Basseggio Narcizo O Crank case chamber
US5150586A (en) * 1989-11-16 1992-09-29 Basseggio Narcizo O System and process of compressing miscible fluids
EP0764821A3 (fr) * 1995-09-25 1997-04-09 Carrier Corp
US20060153699A1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2006-07-13 Gittoes Edwin A Apparatus for connecting together at least two compressors used in refrigeration or air conditioning systems
US11137180B1 (en) * 2020-04-30 2021-10-05 Trane Air Conditioning Systems (China) Co., Ltd. System and method for OCR control in paralleled compressors
US11649996B2 (en) 2020-04-30 2023-05-16 Trane Air Conditioning Systems (China) Co., Ltd. System and method for OCR control in paralleled compressors
EP4299911A4 (fr) * 2021-03-16 2024-10-16 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Dispositif de compression et dispositif de réfrigération
US12410952B2 (en) 2021-03-16 2025-09-09 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Compressor device and refrigeration apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH419204A (fr) 1966-08-31
BE607310A (fr) 1962-02-19
ES270143A1 (es) 1962-04-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2178662A (en) Fluid compressor
US4179248A (en) Oil equalization system for parallel connected hermetic helical screw compressor units
US3500962A (en) Lubrication system for compressors
US5236311A (en) Compressor device for controlling oil level in two-stage high dome compressor
US2888097A (en) Lubrication system
US3291385A (en) Receiver-separator unit for liquidinjected compressor
US2246244A (en) Refrigeration
US4741674A (en) Manifold arrangement for isolating a non-operating compressor
US3009632A (en) Multiple compressor systems for refrigeration installation
US3237852A (en) Hermetic motor compressor unit
US2956730A (en) Jet ejector lubricant return means for a refrigeration compressor
JPS6219593B2 (fr)
US2373360A (en) Apparatus for dry sump lubrication of engines
US3140041A (en) Means for controlling lubrication of hermetic compressors
US2076332A (en) Lubrication system
US3033009A (en) Multiple compressor system for refrigeration installation
US2646212A (en) Oil level equalizing device for multiple compressor arrangement
US1871662A (en) Method and means for lubricating compressors and the like
US3072318A (en) Means for converting a refrigeration compressor for use in a plural compressor refrigeration installation
US2283131A (en) Centrifugal blower
US2503016A (en) Lubricant scavenging pump means
US2926840A (en) Enclosed motor-compressor unit
US2844305A (en) Refrigerating apparatus
US3392804A (en) Lubrication system
US2140415A (en) Refrigeration system