US3013155A - X-ray table - Google Patents

X-ray table Download PDF

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Publication number
US3013155A
US3013155A US804391A US80439159A US3013155A US 3013155 A US3013155 A US 3013155A US 804391 A US804391 A US 804391A US 80439159 A US80439159 A US 80439159A US 3013155 A US3013155 A US 3013155A
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United States
Prior art keywords
column
movement
ray
handle
table top
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US804391A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ralph C Schiring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Picker X Ray Corp
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Picker X Ray Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to US804391A priority Critical patent/US3013155A/en
Priority to FR810968A priority patent/FR1241018A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3013155A publication Critical patent/US3013155A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0487—Motor-assisted positioning

Definitions

  • FIG. 5 RALPH CSCH/RING @ZZMW ATTORNEYS Dec. 12, 1961 R. c. SCHlRlNG 3,013,155
  • Tiltable X-ray tables have come into wide use and are now well known in the art. These tables have a table top and supporting structure which are movably carried on a base or pedestal to permit the table top to be moved from a horizontal position to and from a vertical position, or to any selected angle between the horizontal and the vertical positions. Normally, these tables may be tilted in a reverse direction to a so-called Trandelenburg position in which the angle-of the table top is approximately 45 with the horizontal and in which a patients head is below his feet. So-called 90-90 tables have also become well known. These 90-90 tables are movable from. the horizontal to vertical in either direction and to any selected angle between the vertical extremes.
  • a guide track which parallels the table top is provided.
  • a movable column or tower is reciprocally mounted on the track for movement in a path of travel which is longitudinal with respect to the guide.
  • the column is also mounted for reciprocal rectilinear movement along a guide path which is transverse to the top and normal to the column travel along the guide track.
  • the column normally supports an X-ray head which is positioned beneath the table top.
  • One or more image producing X-ray responsive devices such as a fluoroscopic screen, an X-ray film holding mechanism, or an image amplifier tube are supported by a carriage.
  • the carriage is reciprocally mounted on the column for travel along a rectilinear path which is essentially normal to the table top and to the column track and path.
  • the three rectilinear paths of travel permit the carrier to be moved to any selected position over the table top and to any selected distance from the top within the limits of the respective paths of travel.
  • the tower or column counterbalancing weights must include one pound for each pound of carrier weight, plus one pound for each pound of carrier counterbalancing weight, plus one pound for each pound of weight of the columnistructure other than the carrier and its counterbalance.
  • the present invention overcomes these listed disadvantages, and others, through the provision of an X-ray table top which is movable relative to the remainder of the X-ray table.
  • the table top is movable in a direction opposite to the movement of the column.
  • the distance relative to an object being studied is the distance of column movement plus the distance of table top movement in the opposite direction.
  • the top and a patient on it counterbalance, at least in part, the weight of the column. This use of the patient as part of the column counterweight permits-both an increase in the arnount of weight that can be carried on the column with out resorting to external counterweights and it also decreases the amount of counterweight required as a part of the mechanism to balance any given column weight.
  • the distance of the X-ray head from the object being studied is highly important.
  • the reason for this is that X-rays are emitted from a very small spot on a target.
  • the source of the X-ray is therefore essentially a point source.
  • the emitted rays are then collimated into a beam of any given angle.
  • the collimated beam would exactly cover the area of the X-ray responsive sheet being used and no more.
  • the greater the distance, the narrower the collimation angle and the narrower the beam are highly important. The greater the distance, the greater the cross sectional area of the study can be. The reason for this is that X-rays are emitted from a very small spot on a target.
  • the source of the X-ray is therefore essentially a point source.
  • the limiting factor on distance between the X-ray head and the X-ray responsive machine is the contour of the body of the table.
  • the limiting factor on the contour of the body of the table is the height and clearance for tilting from and to vertical positions.
  • prior known tables providing desired table top length in a tiltable table resulted in the ends of the table body being curved inwardly.
  • the extensive column travel relative to the table resulted in the X-ray head being spaced upwardly from the bottom of the table so that it would clear the curved ends of the body.
  • the provision of a table top which moves relative'to the table body and oppositely trorn'the column results in a reduction of travel of the column relative to the body. This permits the X-ray head to be spaced immediately adjacent the bottom of the table body without concern for clearance of the curved ends.
  • one of the principal objects of this invention is to provide a novel and improved tilt table in which the table top is movable.
  • Another of the principal objects of this invention is to provide a novel and improved X-ray table which minimizes the amount of operator movement required.
  • a further principal object of this invention is to provide a novel and improved X-ray table in which the weight of the patient or object being studied is utilized as part of the column counterbalancing weight.
  • An additional object of this invention is to provide a novel and improved X-ray table in which movement of the column in one direction causes movement of the table top in the other direction and in which a power source is provided to assist in such movement.
  • Yet another of the principal objects of this invention is to provide a novel and improved X-ray table which has a very narrow beam angle and a great tube to object distance.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a power assist mechanism which is responsive to pressure exerted to move the carrier.
  • a related object of this invention is to provide a carrier with a movable handle in which movement of the handle actuates the power mechanism.
  • a similar object of this invention is to provide a handle which automatically returns to a neutral position when released to automatically stop the power assist mechanism.
  • a related and more specific object of this invention is to provide a mechanism made in accordance with the fore going objectives in which the amount of power assist provided in the mechanism is proportional to the amount of pressure applied to the handle.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a mechanism in which a means is provided to urge the handle toward a neutral position thereby giving the operator the impression of pushing the column.
  • FIGURE 1 is a somewhat schematic front elevational view of the novel and improved X-ray table in a horizontal position and showing a vertical position in phantom;
  • FIGURE 2 is a side elevational view of the novel and improved table in the vertical position
  • FIGURE 3 is a front elevational view of the device in a vertical position wtth the body of the table being shown in section as seen from the plane indicated by the line 3-3 of FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is a somewhat schematic view on an enlarged scale showing one suitable power mechanism for shifting the table top and column relative to one another;
  • FIGURE 5 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale with respect to FIGURES 1, 2 and 3, indicated by the line 5-5 of FIGURE 3;
  • FIGURE 6 is a plan view, with parts broken away and removed, of one suitable switching arrangement for actuating the power mechanism in response to movement of a control handle;
  • FIGURE 7 is a schematic view showing a circuit, the motor and actuation power mechanism.
  • a pedestal is shown generally at 10.
  • a table body and frame 11 is supported cantilever fashion on the pedestal 10.
  • the pedestal houses a suitable drive mechanism for tilting the table from the horizontal position shown in FIGURE 1 90 to the vertical position shown in phantom, or 90 in the other direction to an opposite vertical position.
  • a suitable tilting mechanism is shown in dotted lines at 91, in FIGURE 1.
  • a tower or column 12 is supported by the table body 11.
  • the column 12 supports a carrier 13 which is movable vertically on the column 12.
  • the carrier 13 may support a fluoroscopic screen, a spot film device, or any of the other well known X-ray mechanisms which may suitably be mounted on the carrier.
  • the column 12 also includes counterweights for the carrier 13 and the other usual components that are provided as part of the column assemblies of known structures.
  • FIGURE 3 Various guide ways or tracks to define the paths of travel of the column 12 and a movable table top 30 are provided. Wheels to follow the tracks and support the column and top are provided at both the front and the back of the table.
  • FIGURE 3 For clarity of illustration and description, the rearward or back column and top support structures shown in FIGURE 3 will be described in detail, it being understood that the equivalent structure is provided at the front of the table.
  • the corresponding front structures are designated by corresponding numerals, each accompanied by the letter a.
  • the column 12 has a support portion 14 which projects through an elongated aperture 15 in the back of the table.
  • the aperture 15 permits rectilinear movement of the column 13 along a path which is longitudinal with respect to the body 11.
  • the corresponding slot 15a at the front of the table is an access slot for a well known Bucky Grid mechanism which, for clarity, is not shown.
  • a trolley device 16 which is known as fluoroscopic carriage is provided.
  • the fluoroscopic carriage 16 includes first and second guide track members 17, 18 which extend transversely of the body 11.
  • the column support portion 14 carries upper and lower horizontal support wheels 26, 21 respectively, which coact with the track portions 17, 1-8 to guide the column in rectilinear movement transverse to the table body 11.
  • a plurality of vertical guide wheels 22 are carried by the column support portion 14.
  • the vertical guide wheels 22 locate the support portion longitudinally relative to the body.
  • the vertical guide Wheels 22 also coact with the guide track portions 17, 18 to carry the weight of the column in rectilinear movement transverse to the table body when the body is in the vertical position.
  • a longitudinal guide track 25 is fixed to the body to form a portion of the body frame structure.
  • Upper and lower column support rollers 26, 27 are fixed to the fluoroscopic carriage 16 to support the carriage and the remainder of the column 12.
  • the rollers 26, 27 travel along the guide track 25 to carry the column 12 along a rectilinear path which is longitudinal with respect to the body 11.
  • a pair of transverse guide rollers 29 also coact with the guide track 25 to position the fluoroscopic carrier 16 against movement transversely with respect to the body.
  • the table top 30 is mounted on the body 11 for rectilinear movement along a longitudinal path.
  • the top 30 has a support track 31.
  • a pair of support rollers 32 are positioned beneath the support track 31 to support the table top 30 in its movement along a rectilinear path.
  • a pair of positioning rollers 33 are also provided to coact with the top support 31.
  • the positioning rollers 33 hold the top support 31 against the support rollers 32.
  • the outstanding advantages of the invention are achieved through movement of the table top 30.
  • This advantage is enhanced by causing the movement of the top 30 to be opposite to movement of the column 12 when the column is moved longitudinally with respect to the table body 11.
  • an actuating handle 35 is provided.
  • the actuating handle 35 is mounted on the carriage 13.
  • the handle 35 is reciprocal along a path which is longitudinal with respect to the body 11.
  • movement of the handle 35 actuates the reversible power mechanism to drive the column 12 in the direction of the handle movement 35 and to drive the table top 30 in the opposite direction.
  • That power mechanism includes a reversible motor 36.
  • the motor 36 is connected to a column drive sprocket 37.
  • a column mechanical interconnection in the form of a drive chain 38 is reeved over the sprocket 37 and a pulley 39 at the opposite end of the table body 11.
  • One reach of the chain 38 is fixed to the column 12.
  • a connection is formed at 40 to connect the lower reach of the chain 38 to the column 12.
  • a table top drive sprocket 42 is also connected to the motor 36.
  • a mechanical interconnection in the form of a top drive chain 43 is reeved over the sprocket 42 and around the plurality of top chain pulleys 44.
  • the top chain 43 is connected to the top 30.
  • a connection 45 is provided to fix the upper reach of the chain 43 to the top support 31.
  • the column sprocket 37 in the disclosed arrangement has a diameter that is approximately twice the diameter of the top sprocket 42.
  • FIGURES 6 and 7 A frame 50 which houses a motor control bar 51 is provided.
  • the frame 50 may be mounted in dotted lines in FIGURES l and 3.
  • the control bar 51 is connected to the handle 35 and mounted on guide pins 52, 53 for reciprocal movement in response to pressure applied to the handle.
  • a control gear 54 is mounted on the guide pin 52.
  • a potentiometer 55 has an adjustment gear 56 which is in engagement with the control gear 54.
  • a pair of control pins 59, 60 are carried by the control gear 54.
  • a pair of control pin actuation extensions 61, 62 extend from the control bar 51.
  • a spring 63 urges the control gear 54 in a clockwise direction to bring the control pins 59, 60 into contact with the, projections 61,
  • FIGURE 7 A schematic diagram showing the control mechanism is set out in FIGURE 7.
  • a control box is shown at 70.
  • the control box 70 houses a suitable electronic motor control mechanism.
  • One such mechanism is currently sold by the Master Electric Company of Dayton, Ohio, under the designation magnetic reversing speed ranger with anti-plugging and dynamic braking. Any suitable electronic control may be employed which gives substantially instantaneous activation of the motor to start it and stop it abruptly.
  • the control circuit should also drive the motor at a predetermined speed with any load condition within the range intended for the X-ray table.
  • the terminals numbered A and B of the control mechanism 70 are connected to conductors L1, L2 to provide a suitable source of potential.
  • the terminals E, F are connected through conductors F1, F2 to the field of the motor 36.
  • the conductors A1, A2 form a suitable conncction between the armature of the motor 36 and the terminals N, M of the control box 70.
  • the potentiometer 55 is connected through conductors P1, P2, P3 to control box contacts G, H, and I respectively.
  • a conductor 71 connects one side of each of the switches 65, 67 to ter- .minal S.
  • the other side of the switch 65 is connected through conductor 72 to terminal R, while the other side of the switch 67 is connected through conductor 73 to the terminal P.
  • the control bar 51 is moved to the left with it.
  • This movement of the control bar closes'the switch 65 to cause clockwise rotation of the motor.
  • column 12 is shifted to the left and the table top 30 is shifted to the right.
  • the more the handle 35 is shifted to the left relative to the carrier the greater the resistance of the spring 63 and the greater the rotation ofthe potentiometer 55, and, therefore, the greater the speed of the motor 36.
  • the mechanism gives the operator a simulated feeling of controlling the column 12 and-supdrawings, shifts the control bar 51 to the right, closing the I switch 65.
  • the closing of the switch 65 causes the motor to operate in a clockwise direction to shift the column 1 2 to the right and the table top to the left.
  • the described mechanism is an X-ray table which, when compared to prior known tables, permits, selectively, either a decrease in the amount of counterweight required or an increase in the permissible weight of the column 12 and support structure with counterbalancing that is confined within the table.
  • the described table also permits a greater distance between the X-ray tube 46 and the patient, and a reduction in the amount of fatiguing movement required of an operator.
  • An X-ray table comprising a base, a hollow body movably supported by said base, said body having first and second sets of parallel longitudinally disposed guide tracks, a co. rmn reciprocally carried on the first track, a table top reciprocally carried on said second track, an X-ray head carried by the column and positioned beneath the top and within said body, an image producing X-ray responsive sheet carried by said column and positionable above and parallel to said top, reversible power means carried by said body, a first direction drive connection connecting the power means to the column, a second direction drive connection connecting the power means to the top, a reciprocal handle carried by the column, positioning means urging said handle into a central position, pressure responsive actuation means operably connected to the handle to actuate the power means in proportional response to movement of the handle, the handle being movable in one direction to actuate the actuation means and thereby the power means to drive the column in said one direction and the top in the opposite direction, and the handle being movable in the other direction to
  • An X-ray table comprising a base, a body movably supported by said base, said body having first and second sets of parallel longitudinally disposed guide tracks, a column reciprocally carricdon the first track, a table top reciprocally carried on said second track, an X-ray head carried by the column and positioned beneath the top and within said body, an image producing X-ray responsive member carried by said column and positionable above and parallel to said top, reversible power means carried by said body, a first direction drive connection connecting the power means to the column, a second direction drive connection connecting the power means to the top, a reciprocal handle carried by the column, positioning means urging said handle into a central position, pressure responsive actuation means operably connected to the handle to actuate the power means in proportional response to movement of the handle, the handle being movable in one direction to actuate the actuation means and thereby the power means to drive the column in said one direction and the top in the opposite direction, the handle being movable in the other direction to actuate the actu
  • an X-ray table the combination of a pedestal, a frame carried by the pedestal, a column supported on the frame and reciprocable along a path, the column including means to provide an image for an X-ray examination, means operably connected to the pedestal and the frame to tilt the frame from a horizontal to a vertical position and return, a table top mounted on the frame and reciprocable along a path paralleling the column path, a handle mounted on the column and reciprocable along a path paralleling the paths of reciprocation of the column and table, an operator controlled power means connected to the table top and actuatable by the handle to shift the table top and column reciprocally in opposite direction with respect to the frame while an image is provided for an examination and when the handle is shifted reciprocahly.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
US804391A 1959-04-06 1959-04-06 X-ray table Expired - Lifetime US3013155A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US804391A US3013155A (en) 1959-04-06 1959-04-06 X-ray table
FR810968A FR1241018A (fr) 1959-04-06 1959-11-23 Table à rayons x

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3166671A (en) * 1961-10-20 1965-01-19 Lab For Electronics Inc X-ray examining table with detachable fluoroscopic tunnel tower
US3215835A (en) * 1963-06-04 1965-11-02 Gen Electric Selectively engageable power-assist for x-ray table components
US4021715A (en) * 1974-01-16 1977-05-03 U.S. Philips Corporation Motor drive for the displacement of a section of an X-ray examination apparatus
US4144455A (en) * 1976-03-19 1979-03-13 Picker Corporation X-ray table lockout apparatus and method
US4197465A (en) * 1977-11-29 1980-04-08 Picker Corporation X-ray table
US4602378A (en) * 1982-08-19 1986-07-22 General Electric Company X-ray table

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2431508C3 (de) * 1974-07-01 1986-03-27 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Patientenlagerungstisch für ein Röntgenuntersuchungsgerät

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE618518C (de) * 1930-08-30 1935-09-10 Ernst Pohl Roentgendurchleuchtungsgeraet
DE633007C (de) * 1930-03-04 1936-07-17 Ernst Pohl Geraet zur Untersuchung mit Roentgenstrahlen
US2490400A (en) * 1949-12-06 Device fob medical examination with
US2754426A (en) * 1951-11-15 1956-07-10 Picker X Ray Corp Demountable x-ray apparatus
FR1159891A (fr) * 1956-10-18 1958-07-03 Table radiologique
US2872584A (en) * 1955-12-27 1959-02-03 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg X-ray apparatus
US2966588A (en) * 1952-12-15 1960-12-27 Gen Electric X-ray apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2490400A (en) * 1949-12-06 Device fob medical examination with
DE633007C (de) * 1930-03-04 1936-07-17 Ernst Pohl Geraet zur Untersuchung mit Roentgenstrahlen
DE618518C (de) * 1930-08-30 1935-09-10 Ernst Pohl Roentgendurchleuchtungsgeraet
US2754426A (en) * 1951-11-15 1956-07-10 Picker X Ray Corp Demountable x-ray apparatus
US2966588A (en) * 1952-12-15 1960-12-27 Gen Electric X-ray apparatus
US2872584A (en) * 1955-12-27 1959-02-03 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg X-ray apparatus
FR1159891A (fr) * 1956-10-18 1958-07-03 Table radiologique

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3166671A (en) * 1961-10-20 1965-01-19 Lab For Electronics Inc X-ray examining table with detachable fluoroscopic tunnel tower
US3215835A (en) * 1963-06-04 1965-11-02 Gen Electric Selectively engageable power-assist for x-ray table components
US4021715A (en) * 1974-01-16 1977-05-03 U.S. Philips Corporation Motor drive for the displacement of a section of an X-ray examination apparatus
US4144455A (en) * 1976-03-19 1979-03-13 Picker Corporation X-ray table lockout apparatus and method
US4197465A (en) * 1977-11-29 1980-04-08 Picker Corporation X-ray table
US4602378A (en) * 1982-08-19 1986-07-22 General Electric Company X-ray table

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Publication number Publication date
FR1241018A (fr) 1960-09-09

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