US3046767A - Scanning heads for stop-motion devices for knitting machines - Google Patents

Scanning heads for stop-motion devices for knitting machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3046767A
US3046767A US32962A US3296260A US3046767A US 3046767 A US3046767 A US 3046767A US 32962 A US32962 A US 32962A US 3296260 A US3296260 A US 3296260A US 3046767 A US3046767 A US 3046767A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
photocells
light
stop
lens
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US32962A
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English (en)
Inventor
Nickell Lawrence Creigh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Appalachian Electronic Instruments Inc
Original Assignee
Appalachian Electronic Instruments Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Appalachian Electronic Instruments Inc filed Critical Appalachian Electronic Instruments Inc
Priority to US32962A priority Critical patent/US3046767A/en
Priority to GB2543/61A priority patent/GB917204A/en
Priority to DE19611435180 priority patent/DE1435180A1/de
Priority to DK222661AA priority patent/DK105173C/da
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3046767A publication Critical patent/US3046767A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
    • D04B35/10—Indicating, warning, or safety devices, e.g. stop motions
    • D04B35/20—Indicating, warning, or safety devices, e.g. stop motions responsive to defects, e.g. holes, in knitted products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B35/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, knitting machines, not otherwise provided for
    • D04B35/10—Indicating, warning, or safety devices, e.g. stop motions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to scanning heads for photoelectric stop motions for textile knitting machines, especially warp knitting machines such as tricot knitting machines.
  • stop-motions produced for this purpose were designed to be actuated by the breakage of a yarn going into the fabrics, and as a result, they failed to operate when a fabric defect was produced by any cause other than a broken yarn.
  • spurious signals or false activation of the stop circuit for the machine would arise, for example, from electrical surges, produced by the starting and stopping of other machines, line voltage fluctuations, cyclic variations in lamp current of the illuminating lamps employed to direct light onto the fabric, mechanical shocks and vibrations, and the like.
  • frequent readjustment of the photoelectric stop-motion was required to compensate for the aging of the light source and the tubes in the amplifier, which aging reduced the intensity of the light beam directed onto the fabric and altered the effective sensitivity of the amplifying circuit.
  • the sensitivity of the photoelectric stop-motions were reduced so that they would no. longer respond to spurious signals, they would often fail to operate when a yarn did break.
  • photoelectric stop-motions were designed employing two phototubes, each supplied with its own lens and a companion light source for illuminating the fabric, the phototubes being arranged in a scanning head in spaced relation to each other along the scanning axis extending transversely across the fabric to be examined so that the phototubes would respond to the light intensity at two points spaced along the scanning line extending transversely of the fabric.
  • the phototubes were positioned in line with each other along the line of scan or line of traverse of the fabric to examine fabric arising a sufficient distance apart so that a fabric defect which comes into view of one of the phototubes does not simultaneously come into view of the other phototube.
  • the waves produced in the fabric as a result of vibration and flutter may have a peak-to-peak distance as short as two to four inches, so that in some instances one of the photocells would be responding to a fabric area at the bottom of a fabric wave and the other photocell examining an area at the top of a wave, producing such difierence in reflected light inten sity as to generate a false indication of a defect and cause unnecessary stoppage of the knitting machine. 7
  • a scanning device having an optical system comprising two lamps directing light beams onto the fabric area to be examined, a single optical lens system for receiving reflected light from the fabric, a semitransparent mirror or other beam-splitting device for transmitting a portion of the incident light therethrough along the incident optical axis, and reflecting a portion of the incident light along an axis at substantially right angles to the incident light axis, a pair of photocells disposed to receive the transmitted and reflected light from the semi-transparent mirror, and masks associated with each of the photocells to restrict the photocells to examination of two separate fabric areas spaced sufliciently close together to avoid substantial variation in light intensity reflected to the two photocells arising from such fabric waves.
  • An object of the present invention isthe provision ofa novel and improved scanning head for stop-motion devices which is simple in construction, relatively inexpensive to manufacture, and which senses closely adjacent areas of knitted fabrics in a manner to avoid false activation of the stop-motion arising from the components are rigidly held in appropriate positions relative to each other by means providing a rugged, simple scanning head assembly which will maintain high operating efl'iciency over long periods of time.
  • Another object of the present invention is the provision of a novel scanning head for photoelectric stopmotion devices for textile knitting machines wherein the need for a preamplifier or any electronics in the scanning head assembly other than a pair of photocells is elimihated, to provide a low impedance scanning head assembly so as to minimize the possibility of lines connecting the scanning head with the amplifier unit from picking up stray induced voltages.
  • FIGURE 1 is a vertical longitudinal section view of a scanning head for stop-motion devices embodying the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is an exploded perspective view of the pr-in cipal components of the scanning head.
  • FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of a scanning head embodying the present invention illustrated in operative association with-a stop circuit and a knitting machine.
  • the ' indicated generally by the reference character 10 comprises a drawn aluminum outer casing or housing 11 in the form of a downwardly opening box having vertical sides 12 and ends 13 and a horizontal top wall 14.
  • the casing 11 may, for example, be approximately 4 /2 inches long, 3 inches wide and 3 inches high.
  • a mounting and p reflector plate 15 is secured within the casing to form a supporting platform spaced above the lower edge of the casing for -the elements of the scanning head, and includes a horizontal panel 16 corresponding to the internal horizontal cross-section of the casing and integral, ascending mounting legs 17 at the opposite ends of the panel 16 to be secured to the ends '13 of the casing 11 by suitable mounting screws.
  • the plate 15 may be formed of 20 gauge stainless steel and is designed to support a photocell and optical assembly 18 substantially midway between the ends 13 of the casing and a pair of longitudinally'spaced lamp assemblies 19 flanking the photocell and optical assembly 18.
  • the lamp assemblies 19 are of identical construction and include a tubular light bulb socket member 20 which extends through an accommodating aperture 21 in the panel 16 of' the plate 15, the socket member 20 having an annular flange 22 at its lower end to engage the portions of the panel 16 bounding the aperture 21 and limit upward movement of the socket member and a group of lock washers 23 and threaded nut 24 fitted onto the threaded exterior surface of the socket member 20 to fix the socket member onto the plate 15.
  • the socket member 20 is constructed in the usual manner to removably mount the base of its associated lamp-25 and houses the usual insulated terminal block 26 having conductor strips for engaging the base contacts of the lamp 25 and terminal screws for securing the electrical supply leads to the. conductor strips.
  • the lamps 25 may, for example, be 6 candlepower lamps of the incandescent type having high thermal inertia to avoid rapid change of light'outpu-t with lamp voltage variations.
  • the photocell and optical assembly 18 includes a lens bore 28 of the lens mounting tube 27 is disposed in precise registry with an aperture '31 in the panel 16 of the mounting and reflector plate :15, and the tube 27 has a mounting flange 32 at its upper end suitably apertured to receive mounting screws '33.
  • Supported in vertical alignment above the panel 16 of the mounting and reflector plate 15 are a plastic spacer block 34, a masking plate 35 and a plastic cell block 36.
  • the spacer block 34, masking plate 35 and cell block 36 may each be approximately 1 /2 inches long by,1 inch wide, the spacer block 34 having a'central aperture 37 therein corresponding in diameter to and in precise registry with the bore 28 of the lens mounting tube 27 and the aperture 31 in the panel 16.
  • the cell block 36 has formed vertically therethrough a pair of longitudinally spaced holes 38 and 39 disposed in parallelism with each other on a vertical axis and of a suitable aperture to accommodate a pair of photocells 40 and 41.
  • the photocell housing holes 38and 39' are A inch in diameter and are located symmetrically with respect to the center of the block 36 with their centers spaced inch apart.
  • the cell block 36 and spacer block 34 are preferably formed of a suitable plastic such as Synthane, and the masking plate 35 interposed therebetween may be formed of 4 inch sheet brass.
  • the masking plate 35 is provided with two light-admitting apertures 42 and- 43 which, for example, are formed of approximately .063 inch diameter by a No.
  • the photocells 40 and 41 should be of the miniaturized variety, which in this exemplary embodiment are in cylindrical form and have a diameter of 4 inch, suitable photocells' for this purpose being Clairex CL-3 photocells of the type manufactured by Clairex Corporation of New York City. I
  • the lens mounting tube 27, spacer block 34, masking plate 35 and cell block 36 will be arranged in vertically stacked relation with the portions of the mounting and reflector plate 15 bounding the aperture 31 therein sandwiched between the spacer block 34 and the mounting flange 32 of the lens mounting tube 27, and the mounting screws 33 extend vermounting tube 27 having an internal bore 28 extending tically through this entire stack of elements andare secured at their upper ends by suitable nuts.
  • the photocells 49 and 41 are thus arranged in parallelism with each other and in parallelism With the principal axis of the lens 30, and since the scanning head 10 in accordance with usual practice will be mounted on a traverse rail so as to scan transversely across the width of the fabric with the lens 30 located about 1 /2 inches above the surface of the fabric, indicated generally by the reference character 44, the lens will image two slightly spaced apart regions of the fabric 14,- indicated by the reference characters 45 and 46 ontothe light sensitive elements of the photocells. 40 and 41 through the light admitting apertures 42 and 43 in the masking plate '35.
  • the two photocells 40 and 41 are connected in series with each other across a Volt DC. power supply, one of the cells being connected through the lead? 47 to plus 150 volts, the other photocell being connected through the lead 48 to ground, and a signal lead 49 being connected to the common lead 50 between the two photocells.
  • the circuit system which is controlled by the signal coupled through the lead 49 does not constitute part of the present invention and thus need not be described or shown in detail, it being suflicient to state that the signals derived from the lead 49 are applied through a suitable D.C.
  • the photocells 40 and 41 are carefully selected by previously matching the amount of current they draw and their gain factors, and cells of the greatest gain factor are preferably positioned between the ground lead 48 and common lead 50 while weaker cells are preferably placed between the common lead 50 and the 150 volt supply lead 47 so that the photocell system leads gainwise in a positive direction. That is to say, since the greater gain is present in the photocell 41 between thersignal lead 49 and the ground lead 48 it is found that the flutter of the current will produce a positive signal to be applied to the first amplifier stage whereas the first amplifier stage is biased so that it will effect energization of the relay which controls stopping of the knitting machine only when negative signals are applied to the first amplifier stage.
  • the scanning head comprising a downwardly opening boxed shaped casing having side and end walls, a supporting platform forming a partition transversely spanning the interior of the casing and spaced upwardly from the lower edge of the side and end walls, a lens tube depending from said platform at substantially the center thereof supporting a lens at the lower end of the tube having a vertical optical axis, a pair of lamps mounted in depending relation on said platform in laterally flanking relation to said lens tube for illuminating a fabric area to be inspected, a pair of laterally spaced miniature photocells of generally elongated cylindrical configuration arranged in parallelism with the optical axis of said lens and supported in said casing above said lens at positions to receive light simultaneously directly from said lens, said lens being focused substantially on said
  • the scanning head comprising a downwardly opening boxed shaped casing having side and end walls, a supporting platform forming a partition transversely spanning the interior of the casing and spaced upwardly from the lower edge of the side and end walls to define with said side and end walls a lower downwardly opening well and an upper chamber in said casing, a lens mounting tube depending from said platform into said well at substantially the center of said platform having a bore extending theretbrough and a lens supported in said bore in alignment with a vertical optical axis, a pair of lamps mounted in depending relation on said platform in laterally flanking relation to said lens mounting tube and projecting into said well for illuminating an area of the fabric to be inspected, said platform having an opening conforming to and registering with the bore of said
  • the scanning head comprising a lens arranged on a vertical optical axis to produce an image of the fabric area under inspection, a pair of laterally spaced photocells arranged in parallelism with the optical axis of said lens and disposed symmetrically with respect to said optical axis and on opposite sides thereof to'receive light directly from said lens, the photosensitive elements of said photocells each being located Wholly within the projection of the periphery of the lens along'the optical axis thereof, said lens being focused substantially on said photocells, a mask disposed in the path of light from said lens to said photocells having a pair of light admitting apertures therein spaced traversely of the optical axis of the lens and located Within said projection of the periphery of the lens along

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
US32962A 1960-05-31 1960-05-31 Scanning heads for stop-motion devices for knitting machines Expired - Lifetime US3046767A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32962A US3046767A (en) 1960-05-31 1960-05-31 Scanning heads for stop-motion devices for knitting machines
GB2543/61A GB917204A (en) 1960-05-31 1961-01-23 A scanning-head for stop-motion devices for knitting machines
DE19611435180 DE1435180A1 (de) 1960-05-31 1961-05-30 Stillsetzvorrichtung,insbesondere fuer Wirk- und Strickmaschinen
DK222661AA DK105173C (da) 1960-05-31 1961-05-31 Skanderingshoved for et apparat standsning af strikkemaskiner.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32962A US3046767A (en) 1960-05-31 1960-05-31 Scanning heads for stop-motion devices for knitting machines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3046767A true US3046767A (en) 1962-07-31

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Family Applications (1)

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US32962A Expired - Lifetime US3046767A (en) 1960-05-31 1960-05-31 Scanning heads for stop-motion devices for knitting machines

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3046767A (da)
DE (1) DE1435180A1 (da)
DK (1) DK105173C (da)
GB (1) GB917204A (da)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3116621A (en) * 1960-09-02 1964-01-07 Fabric Res Lab Inc Fabric flaw detector
US3474254A (en) * 1968-02-26 1969-10-21 Sick Erwin Photoelectronic apparatus for scanning textile material
DE1560973B1 (de) * 1962-09-05 1972-06-29 Colton Lewis Henry Einrichtung zum UEberwachen von Kettenwirkmaschinen mit einem optischen Beobachtungsgeraet
US4464913A (en) * 1983-01-12 1984-08-14 Consolidated Foods Corporation Knitting machine control system
US4643230A (en) * 1984-04-24 1987-02-17 Zellweger Uster, Ltd. Method and apparatus for the automatic monitoring of textile fabrics, especially woven fabrics
US4799365A (en) * 1987-03-10 1989-01-24 H. Stoll Gmbh & Co. Device for flatbed knitting machines for monitoring the knitwear for falling-off
CN104088076A (zh) * 2014-07-09 2014-10-08 高满珍 双面小圆机上的照明结构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3536991C1 (de) * 1985-10-17 1987-01-02 Sipra Patent Beteiligung Textilbahn-UEberwachungsgeraet zum Registrieren von Fehlerstellen

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2711094A (en) * 1949-06-25 1955-06-21 Celanese Corp Stop motion

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2711094A (en) * 1949-06-25 1955-06-21 Celanese Corp Stop motion

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3116621A (en) * 1960-09-02 1964-01-07 Fabric Res Lab Inc Fabric flaw detector
DE1560973B1 (de) * 1962-09-05 1972-06-29 Colton Lewis Henry Einrichtung zum UEberwachen von Kettenwirkmaschinen mit einem optischen Beobachtungsgeraet
US3474254A (en) * 1968-02-26 1969-10-21 Sick Erwin Photoelectronic apparatus for scanning textile material
US4464913A (en) * 1983-01-12 1984-08-14 Consolidated Foods Corporation Knitting machine control system
US4643230A (en) * 1984-04-24 1987-02-17 Zellweger Uster, Ltd. Method and apparatus for the automatic monitoring of textile fabrics, especially woven fabrics
US4799365A (en) * 1987-03-10 1989-01-24 H. Stoll Gmbh & Co. Device for flatbed knitting machines for monitoring the knitwear for falling-off
CN104088076A (zh) * 2014-07-09 2014-10-08 高满珍 双面小圆机上的照明结构
CN104088076B (zh) * 2014-07-09 2015-10-28 高满珍 双面小圆机上的照明结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK105173C (da) 1966-08-29
DE1435180A1 (de) 1968-10-24
GB917204A (en) 1963-01-30

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